旅游景点英语作文

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2024-07-07
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旅游景点英语作文

推荐旅游景点英语作文

【题目-考生回忆】

51. Directions:

Write an email to James Cook

1) remend one of the tourist attractions in your city

2) give reasons for your remendation

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET .Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “LI MING” instead. Do not writer the address. (10 points)

【参考范文】

Dear Mr. Cook,

I am writing this letter to remend you one of the tourist attractions in my city ―The Great Wall. The detailed reasons for my remendation are listed as the following.

At the top of the list, the Great Wall is one of the oldest historic interests in China. In addition, there are a large number of tourists in China and abroad touring the Great Wall and appreciating its grandness, and therefore it is not too much to say that unless a foreigner visit the Great Wall, it equals to say that he has never been to China .

Finally, I sincerely hope that you will have a good time in China. Looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

【参考译文】

尊敬的库克先生，

我写这份信的目的.是向你推荐我们当地的旅游景点――长城。我推荐的具体原因如下。

首先，长城是中国最古来的历史遗迹之一。此外，每年有大量中外游客到长城来旅游并欣赏它的壮美;因此毫不夸张的说如果一个外国人没有去过长城，相当于说他没有来过中国。

最后，我真诚地希望您能在中国度过美好的时光。期望您的来信。

您真诚的，

李明

I took a trip to Shanghai with my mother during the seven-day holiday. It took us more than two hours to drive to Shanghai from my home in Haimen. We stayed in a large hotel on the eighth floor. On the first day, I just stayed in the hotel and rested. On the second day, my brother and I went to Nanjing Road.

Its the busiest street in Shanghai. When we got there, there were lots of people. We walked from one shop to another. I bought two T-shirts and two pairs of trousers for the coming summer. The T-shirts and trousers I bought are all white because white is my favourite colour. My brother also bought some clothes.

On the third day, my mother took me to Jinjiang Entertainment Centre. It was full of people. I played many kinds of games there. I had a good time. The other days, I went to some other interesting places, such as the Oriental Bright Pearl TV Tower, the Huangpu River and Shanghai International Conference Centre. I didnt forget to do my homework in the evening. I had a full and happy holiday.

The former Imperial Palace,known to Westerners as the Forbidden City,rectangular in shape and 720 thousand square meters in size,is surrounded by walls ten meters high and a moat 52 meters wide.

The buildings with some nine thousand rooms are more than 560 years old and constitute the largest and most complete existing ensemble of traditional Chinese architecture.

Construction of the palace begins in 1406 during the reign of the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty,Yongle.

It was finally completed in 1420.The Imperial Palace is composed of the outer palace,where the emperors held official audiences,and the inner palace,which served as the living quarters for the imperial family.

This harmonious assemblage of buildings displays the best characteristics of ancient Chinese architecture—majestic style,flawless construction,and fine coordination of the while and the parts.

Now,the Forbidden City,the Palace Museum,is a treasure house of cultural relics,and a place that attracts approximately ten thousand visitors each day with its magnificent architecture and precious collections of cultural and art objects.

Dear Mr. Cook,

I am writing this letter to recommend you one of the tourist attractions in my city —The Great Wall. The detailed reasons for my recommendation are listed as the following.

Finally, I sincerely hope that you will have a good time in China. Looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

Emei Mountain is one of the four famous mountains of Chinese Buddhism. Our family is not very trustworthy Buddha, here, is completely running the “Emei world show” reputation and that breathtaking four wonders - sunrise, sea of clouds, Buddha, the lights away.

To the Emei Mountain, the sunrise and the sea of vision is a noisy team caught a trace of no trace. What “Emei world show” also will disappear. whispering sound! “Show” A mountain is all selling small business hawkers, all the way to pull you to someone elses hotel to stay in the staff.

Suddenly remembered Mr. Yu Qiuyu in the “Cultural Journey,” a book wrote: Qingchengshan no longer quiet. Last year I have been to Qingcheng Mountain, the mountain aside aside, the mountains and the top is also very quiet, especially the top of the mountain, quiet even have their own breathing sounds also heard. Perhaps Mr. Yu is just disappointed at the foot of the mountain and the strike, but perhaps he did not expect, a group of bustling mountain “insects”, even sitting on the hill is not willing to. Do not know if Mr. Yu had been Emei, if he saw Emei this scene, probably more disappointed than the Qingcheng Hill it.

Before long, we were a pedestrian was a man coaxed to a hotel stay. On the four wonders of all kinds of fantasy, suddenly was a pot of cold water to head out - live footers, destined with the four wonders missed. No way: both to come, then the security of the.

The next day, boarded the Golden Summit, did not see the sunrise and sea of clouds, expected. Can be more than three thousand meters of the peak, actually as cold as winter, but I did not expect it. I do not understand the Buddha, so stand above the top of the gold, nothing more than just blowing some cool breeze, but also almost get a cold.

Emei, the eldest son of the Buddha; Emei who, the pride of the mountains; now Emei, secular by the troubled, then there are thousands of style, more with whom said?

The fields his study， nature was his book.

Travelers can choose different modes of transportation which have advantages and disadvantages. Airplanes are the fastest but also the most expensive. Buses and trains are less expensive， but they soon make you feel cramped and uncomfortable. Ships provide you with comfort unless you get seasick. Most people can afford traveling by bicycle， which， although slow， can limber up your muscles and get you closer to nature.

Summer comes , and the weather has become irritating. My big sister suggested going to Hainan for a good relax. I thought about it for a while and agreed. Hainan is really a good place, where palm trees are abundant. We went to a park where we enjoyed cool palm drinks. We also went to visit the monkey island. The monkeys were really cute to look at.

After we came back from the travel, we found that our bodies have become stronger and healthier than before. My sister told me that she planned to travel again next year.

We really enjoyed this trip. We were very happy!

Two years ago, I like to eat instant noodles very much, the instant noodles smell so delicious, because there are tasty flavor in it. When my mother was not at home, I would buy the instant noodles, as the time went by, I found my skin became bad and I would not like to eat rice. I felt so bad, my mother told me that I should not eat so much instant noodles, they contained no vitamins and also frustrated my appetite. I realized my problem and started to stay away from instant noodles, then my appetite became good and I wanted to eat rice again. Instant noodles are junk food, wed better eat it less.

推荐旅游景点英语作文

【题目-考生回忆】

51. Directions:

Write an email to James Cook

1) recommend one of the tourist attractions in your city

2) give reasons for your recommendation

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET .Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “LI MING” instead. Do not writer the address. (10 points)

【参考范文】

Dear Mr. Cook,

I am writing this letter to recommend you one of the tourist attractions in my city —The Great Wall. The detailed reasons for my recommendation are listed as the following.

Finally, I sincerely hope that you will have a good time in China. Looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

【参考译文】

尊敬的库克先生，

我写这份信的目的是向你推荐我们当地的.旅游景点——长城。我推荐的具体原因如下。

最后，我真诚地希望您能在中国度过美好的时光。期望您的来信。

您真诚的，

李明

旅游景点英语作文

Beijing is our capital city which is famous for its long history. Now we have a one-day tour plan for you.

In the morning, you can start the day at the Great Wall. Its one of the greatest wonders in the world. Its so magnificent that you cant go to Beijing without visiting the Great Wall. At noon, you can go to the Summer Palace. There are so many interesting sites, such as Wanshou Mountain, Kunming Lake, Suzhou Street, and some other ancient palaces. So you can climb Wanshou Mountain first. The view on the top is so wonderful. Next, you can go boating on Kunming Lake, and then, walk on Suzhou Street to enjoy the life of regions south of the Yangtze River.

In the afternoon, you can go to have a long walk on Tiananman Square, in order to see the city well, and then you can visit the Palace Museum. There you can see different objects of different periods. They are of great value. In the evening, the Front Gate Walking Street is a good place to go where you can buy various kinds of souvenirs and clothes. Most buildings there have the traditional Chinese styles. Maybe you can know some history of ancient Beijing.

英语作文:介绍旅游景点

Travel

A succession of beautiful scenery makes one feel delighted. A long stay in the same surroundings to make everything the same. Routine work often makes one feel bored But if you take a trip or a long journey on your holidays to some scenic spots or historic sites, that will make great difference.

Travel can widen one’s knowledge. The farther you go, the more you will learn about different politics, economics, customs as well as geography. If you travel the whole world some day, you will fully understand the globe on which we live.

However, too much travel causes tiredness. You get on a bus or a taxi, you travel on the train or in a plane, being patient with the hours needed on your mute from one place to another, that will make you exhausted after a while.

Everyone has a dream.

Now I want to say something about my dream. What is my dream? I often ask myself. In my mind, everyone shall have his own dream.my dream is a famous fashion designer.

My dream is to be a fashion designer. Because as a fashion designer, I can design a lot of beautiful clothes and make this world more colorful. I like to do handwork, I like to draw too. I will try my best to learn more to make my dream come true

Emei, the eldest son of the Buddha; Emei who, the pride of the mountains; now Emei, secular by the troubled, then there are thousands of style, more with whom said?

One night, the skinny little father and mother burst of reprimanded back to the room, slowly open the computer. Suddenly, the computer opened the moment, flashed eight characters: welcome to the kingdom of chopsticks, and then the computer issued a burst of strong light, the small to a strange world ... ...

“Wake up awake, you wake up, wake up ah ... ...” in such a soft voice, a small slowly opened his eyes, looked at the front of a wood made of ordinary chopsticks, whispered: “Who is this? Who is you?” Chopsticks replied: “This is the kingdom of chopsticks ah! I called blossoming. You?” Little novel: “I called small.” Bloss said: “Your head ”I do not remember, hey, blossoming, you come to introduce me to introduce the kingdom of chopsticks it!“ ”Good“ duo Duo mouthful promise.

First of all, blossoming came to the chopsticks, said: ”small, this is our famous chopsticks famous restaurant, come to drink tea it!“ Little drink this tea, immediately feel relaxed and happy. And then blossoming came to the chopsticks tailor shop, said: ”You see, your clothes dirty, it is better, you go to the tailor shop to do pieces of clothes.“ Then, blossoming into the tailor shop, Let him wear clothes on his own. Suddenly, a small fancy a set of black and white clothes, put on, but really nice ah! Then, the blossoming came to the front of a magnificent palace and said, ”This is the kingdom of our kingdom of chopsticks, and the king, the prince, the prince, the prince, as long as you have royal blood, The chopsticks. “Side of the small listening to a lot of talk, said:” blossoming, the weather late, we go back to rest! “

After the home, blossoming sleep, and a small sleep. The next morning, little has left the kingdom of chopsticks, began his own new life.

石林旅游景点英语导游词

The Stone Forest lies about 80 miles to the southeast of Kunming. A geological phenomenon, the Stone Forest was a vast expanse of sea during the Paleozoic era——some 270 million years ago. Later, the movement of tectonic plates altered the earth’s crust, causing the sea to recede and its limestone bottom to appear, thereby forming land.Due to the constant seeping ofrain through the cracks in the limestone, some of the stone formation dissolved and the fissures broadened, producing a group of great sculptures of different shapes, all molded by nature.

In the midst of the forest, there is a huge rock screen on which two words——Stone Forest——are engraved in official script (in a calligraphic style typical of the Han Dynasty, 206 B.C.-220 A.D.). Among the scenic sights is the ”Sword Peak Pond“ with jadeite-colored water so clear that one can see the bottom of the pond. Other astonishing sights include ”Figure of Ashima,“ ”Shi Ba Xiang Song“ (its name originating in the Chinese love story, ”Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai“), and ”Lotus Peak.“

The splendor of the Stone Forest is enhanced by the local customs of the native Sani people (who are part of the Yi minority). Sani people are industrious and hospitable——and unconstrained. Sani women are expert at spinning, weaving, and embroidering. They like to wear rainbow-colored headgear and bright-colored dresses. The young people especially are very good singers and dancers. Every day at sunset, under the moonlight, boys and girls gather at the village platform. While the boys play the three-stringed plucked instruments, the girls clap their hands and dance the strong-rhythmed traditional ”A’Xi (Ah-shi) Dance in the Moon“ with great enthusiasm. If you happen to witness the event, you will be invited to join in the festivity.

Note that every lunar year, on June 24th, the Sani people celebrate their national festival——the Torch Festival. On that day, the entire Stone Forest is permeated with a celebratory atmosphere. There are traditional performances of wrestling and bull-fighting. Finally, when the land is enveloped in the curtain of night, the young men (holding torches in their hands) run after the young women to propose marriage in the light of colored lanterns.

吉林雾凇英语导游词

Ladies and Gentlemen;

Welcome to my hometown Jilin city. And I am the tour guide of China National Tourism Administration you can call me Vera. or Miss Zhang , and on my left hand is our driver Mrs. Li he have more than 20 year driving experiences, he will keep our safe.

Ok everyone there are few minutes before we reach the ten miles dike, now I will give you a brief introduction about Jilin Rime, the Rime of Jilin city is said to be a symbol of the spring in winter ,being together with the Guilin landscape ,Yunnan stone forest and Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, it is called the four meteorological wonders in China ,and actually ,china has the earliest record of rime in the world which is also commonly known as” the mist attached to trees” by local people .

Now I will introduce how Jilin Rime comes into being ,up going 15 kilometers upstream from the Jilin city along the Songhua River is the famous Fengman power station, in winter when the water passes through the hydraulic group ,it gets warmer and the temperature keeps at around 4 centigrade in spite of the coldness and the steel –like ice on the lake ,Since the river water holds great heat energy it doesn't freeze for as long as ten miles ,water vapor rises constantly from the water surface and the whole river appears to be misty ,Given that there are pines, poplars and weeping willows along the dykes the water vapor freezes around the trees when encumbers coldness, of course under the effect of atmospheric pressure. Wind direction and temperature .Because of this special formation, Jilin rime can last a rather long time and it happens frequentlyin winter season . What's more ,the best time for sightseeing is from the late December to the next February.Somtime there could be more than 60 times of rime –formation in a single winter.

People usually divide the process of appreciation into three stages; watching the mist at night, enjoying the rime in the morning and appreciation, a silver and magic world appears just in front of us .all of the tress along the river are covered by rime and the branches of weeping willows like silver necklaces. As for the last stage, we are talking about the time when the rime begins to fall. Usually, after nine o'clock in the morning, the rime will fell down from the trees. This begins by little amount and then more and more is falling down. When the flying rime falls on our heard and shoulders, we feel especially fresh and cool.

Ok everyone now we have reached the Songjang road please put you hats and gloves together go fellow me to enjoy the wonders of the rime

大理苍山洱海英语导游词

fellow friends:

hello! toured the

dali old city, initially has feltthis humanities landscape profoundness; now we watch the cangshanerhai, understands the dali's america of scenery.

first, we ride the yacht to go to the erhai park. the erhai park othername group mountain park, is l ocated the hsiakuan city northeast 2kilometers place groups mountains. north it near ocean waves wan qingerhai, west and cangshan southend setting sun peak relative. whennanzhao country, here is king's deer park. in 1976 here newly wardedoff for the park, occupiesdi 1,600 chinese acres. on the mountain has thezoo and the plant nursery flower-bed, broadly plants the dali areaeach kind of precious flower different plant, is very good rests placeof the tour.

now the pleasure boat to the erhai park near the sea causeway, we cameashore to the ship, this is under the group foot of a hill binhai tourarea along 270 multistage stone steps ascendslevel on, we arrive the summit.everybody looked that, this curls upwardsangle upturned eave pavilion is looks thesea building, the eave hangs from above the plaque, submits a writtenstatement: jade er silver dark green ”, the black bottom goldcharacter, vigorous is classically elegant, it is the chinese inadmiration of somebody's fame painter wu zuoren's writing skill. looksthe sea building is understands “the jade er silver dark green”happiest extent, leans against a railing looks out into the distance:east side erhai vast, boundless, west cangshan is continuous,luxuriant is gray.

fellow friends, let us go on board once more, roams through to erhaiin. but i first must to everybody introduction be actually amcangshan. formerly, we in the dali city, under on the dark green footof a hill road, have not been able to look at carefully the cangshangrand appearance well. just like the ancient said “does not know thetruth about the matter, only reason body in this mountain”; looks thesea building in the erhai park, the angle of view inclines, also onlycan see the cangshan terminal. now, unceasingly leads the way alongwith the pleasure boat, in our eye cangshan is not clearer? somepeople said that, a hengduan pulse condition great arm, the tibetplateau extended west yunnan from “the roof of the world” to thesouth, cangshan was in this world famous sierra a cloud range branch.

cangshan, also names the diancang, is green because of its mountaincolor, the mountain apex acquires fame in vain. cangshan altogetherhas 19 peaks. this 19 peaks from the north to the south order are: thecloud makes, green, five, the lotus flower, the white clouds, thecrane cloud, three positive, the blue peak, the snowman, should behappy, the goddess of mercy, center and, longquan, the jade bureau,malone, the saint should, buddha go against, ma er, the setting sun.in 19 peaks, the malone peak is highest, elevation 4,122 meters. thecangshan 19 peaks, two peaks clamp a brook, altogether 18 brooks; eastthe mountain stream flows, pours into erhai, 18 brooks from north tosouth, the base arrangement is: south the rosy cloud moves, wan hua,the positive brook, the awn wells up, the brocade brook, the spiritspring, the white stone, the double mandarin duck, hides the immortal,mei xi, the peach brook, center the brook, the emerald, longxi, clearblue, remnant, pavilion mouth, is not positive.

the cangshan scenery by the snow, the cloud, springstone is famous. i firstintroduce cangshan to everybody the snow. after the summer needlesscangshan snow, is dali “the love affair” four given names scenery. thesnow white cangshan snow, all previous dynasties article literatiapproves the refined language quite a lot, the folklore also many. thethe ming dynasty writer li yuanyang once praised: “date li cangshansnow, precioustai 19 peaks”.

cangshan's cloud is the famous biography is far and wide. the cloudgathers the cloud to disperse, sometimes the pale like light smoke,sometimes is thick like splashes ink. in fluctuates varied center, what is most mysterious is “looks the husband cloud” and “thejade belt cloud”. so-called “looks the husband cloud” is referswhenever the winter spring the season, the cangshan jade bureau peakregular meeting appears a lonely cloud, suddenly remembers suddenlyfalls, about flutters, if hoped if attends to. unusual occupying to anits appearance, the diancang then suddenly gets up the storm, blows toerhai. so-called “jade belt cloud”, is refers whenever at the end ofthe summer fallinitially, after rainfirst clear, between the cangshan 19 peakshalfways up the mountainside often can appear white clouds, the cloudsgatherscollects, slowly pulls open, if the pure white jade belt horizontallyties the green mountainside. is continuous dozens of miles,unexpectedly the date does not dissipate. marvelous is, “the jade beltcloud” meets the omen agriculture abundant harvest: it appears thenumber of times to be many, same year on good crop weather. local painationality has the farmer's proverb: “cangshan is the jade belt, thehungry dog eats the rice”.

Millions of visitors are attracted to Hainan every year for its special beauty, including the splendid Botanical Garden, coconut trees and monkey island, as well as enigmatic Buddhism and Taoism culture. The top 10 attractions in Hainan will definitely give you an amazing visual enjoyment!

Located next to Qingling Avenue in west Haikou, Holiday Beach is 6 kilometers long. Thriving Linma Huanglin trees line the beach, while hotels, vacation resorts, restaurants and amusement parks look out onto the beautiful Qiongzhou Strait. Ships shuttle to and from the seas. Golden sunshine, blue seawater, a yellow beach and green coconut trees make a great view on the seashore.

The beach consists of a sunbathing area, sea sports area, sea food and culture area and leisure area. The Roman-style Hot Spring Paradise, which can accommodate over 1800 audiences, often feature various kinds of performances, including water ballet, diving, and singing and dancing. In the leisure area, there is a vocation center, various kinds of camps and hammocks, where visitors can enjoy a quiet and comfortable night at here.

Admission: Free.

Get there: Bus 28, 29, 40; Travel line 1 and 2.

Bo'ao has grown from a small fishing port into a first-class meeting center and hot tropical tourist resort. Bo'ao is located along the eastern coast line of the South China Sea and features spectacular natural scenery and famous attractions. Bo'ao Port, noted for steep terrain and complicated water conditions, consists of three rivers and two islands: Wanquan River, Longgun River, Jiuquan River, Dongyu Island and Yuanyang (Mandarin Duck) Island.

Bo'ao is also a superb place for golf and sailing.

Get there: Long-distance bus from Haikou to Qionghai, then transfer bus to Bo'ao.

Located on the Nanwan peninsula, 14 kilometers south of Lingshui County, Monkey Island is a state-protected and only nature reserve for macaque monkeys in the world. Established in 1965, the island has become a popular tourist destination. More than 400 kinds of plants and fruits, 100 animals and numerous grottos make the island a perfect paradise for monkeys. It is now home to approximately 2,500 monkeys among 21 species. It also has the longest over-water cable car in China, spanning 2,138 meters, providing convenient transportation to the island. Free guides advise visitors how to play with the monkeys and experience the harmony between humans and nature.

Admission: 138 yuan

Hours: 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

Located 40 kilometers west of Sanya, Daxiao Dongtian Scenic Spot has a history of more than 800 years. It covers 22.5 square kilometers, featuring gorgeous sunsets, caves, verdant mountains and bizarre stones. The place is perfect to appreciate spectacular sunset on the beach with those rocks that witness the passing of history. It is the most popular mountain for its special views of the sea, typical mountain landscape and beautiful rocks, which have been the subject of many classic Chinese poems. It is also home to the Natural Museum of Sanya, which features dinosaur fossils.

[英语海南旅游景点介绍]

Nanshan Culture Tourism Zone is famous for Buddhist culture and beauty. Millions of visitors go every year. The zone features three theme parks: Buddhism Culture Park, Blessing and Longevity Park and Hainan Custom Culture Park. It is also home to Nanshan Temple and the statue of the South China Sea Kwan-yin Bodhisattva. The giant sea-side statue of Kwan-yin stands 108 meters and was constructed out of gold, diamonds and jade.

Admission: 150 yuan

Hours: 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

Get there: Bus from downtown Sanya

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today.

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne. In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.

It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan (North Star) . The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term “an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happin.

ladies and gentlemen:

we are now entering the inner court. from the gate of heavenly purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .the hall of heavenly purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the reign of emperor yongle of the ming dynasty. there are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .in the center of the hall there a throne. above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “be open and above-board,” written by shenzhi,the first emperor of the qing dynasty. beginning with qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. the box was opened only after the emperor passed away. altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely qianlong, jiaqing, daohuang and xian feng.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the ming and qing dynasties. according to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of royal family members. foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-qing period. two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the qing dynasty were also held here. all the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.

this hall was also used for mourning services.

(inside the palace of union and peace)

this hall sits between the hall of heavenly purity and the palace of earthly tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .it was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. the hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the hall of complete harmony .you will see a plaque here inscribed with two chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by emperor qianglong. a throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. the emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.

in 1748 during emperor qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .no seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. on each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.

(inside the palace of earthly tranquility)

this used to be the central hall where successive ming empresses lived. during the qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .the room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.

This is the palace museum; also know as the purple forbidden city. it is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in china today. under ming emperor yongle, construction began in 1406. it took 14years to build the forbidden city. the first ruler who actually lived here was ming emperor zhudi. for five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when qing emperor puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .in 1987, the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization recognized the forbidden city was a world cultural legacy.

forbidden city(紫禁城)

(in front of the meridian gate)

it is believed that the palace museum, or zi jin cheng (purple forbidden city), got its name from astronomy folklore, the ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the ziwei yuan(north star). the constellation containing the north star was called the constellation of heavenly god and star itself was called the purple palace. because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. in folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, laozi, to the hanghu pass. here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. the word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

the red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. yellow is the color of the earth on the loess plateau, the original home of the chinese people. yellow became an imperial color during the tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

the forbidden city is rectangular in shape. it is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. it has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .a 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter―high wall which encloses the complex. octagon ―shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. there are four entrances into the city: the meridian gate to the south, the shenwu gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(western flowery gate )to the west ,the donghua (eastern flowery gate) to the east.

manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the forbidden city. a total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. marble was quarried from fangshan country mount pan in jixian county in hebei province. granite was quarried in quyang county in hebei province. paving blocks were fired in kilns in suzhou in southern china. bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in shandong province .timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

the structure in front of us is the meridian gate. it is the main entrance to the forbidden city. it is also knows as wufenglou(five-phoenix tower). ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .they also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. qing emperor qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another emperor` s name, hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. qing dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. for example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

(after entering the meridian gate and standing in front of the five marble bridges on golden water river)

now we are inside the forbidden city.before we start our tour, i would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .to complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the city of beijing. the forbidden city covers roughly one Cthird of this central axis. most of the important building in the forbidden city weree arranged along this line. the design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly Cstratified feudal system.

the forbidden city is divided into an outer and an inner count.we are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. in front of us lies the gate of supreme harmony .the gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. the lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. the one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. the other one is a female. underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. the winding brook before us is the golden water river. it functions both as decoration and fire control .the five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. the river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. this was meant to show that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of god.

(in front of the gate of supreme harmony)

the forbidden city consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. the out count yard covers a vast space lying between the meridian gate and the gate of heavenly purity. the “three big halls” of supreme harmony, complete harmony and preserving harmony constitute the center of this building group. flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: wenhua (prominent scholars) and wuying (brave warriors) . the three great halls are built on a spacious “h”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. there are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .the hall of supreme harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of china. from the palace of heavenly purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. in the center are the palace of heavenly purity, the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility, a place where the emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. there are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial garden, caning garden and quailing garden. an inner golden water river flows eastwardly within the inner court. the brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the forbidden city. it is spanned by the white jade bridge. the river is lined with winding, marble Ccarved balustrades. most of the structures within the forbidden city have yellow glazed tile roofs.

aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. with these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the forbidden city. since paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the son of heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. it is also rumoured that this half Croom is located to the west of the wenyuange pavilion (imperial library). as a matter of fact, although the forbidden city has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .the wenyuange pavilion is a library where “si ku quan shu”- china `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.

(after walking past the gate of supreme harmony)

ladies and gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the hall of supreme harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the forbidden city. this structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . the hall of supreme harmony sits on a triple “h”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. the staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.

the construction of the hall of supreme harmony began in 1406. it burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. the existing architecture was built during the qing dynasty. on the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. these animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. there are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. the number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.

there was a total of 24 successive emperors during the ming and qing dynasties who were enthroned here. the ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the winter solstice, the chinese lunar new year, the emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .on such occasions, the emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.

this area is called the hall of supreme harmony square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. in the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the emperor. on both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. the purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. in the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. in the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. in wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .why so vast a square? it was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. imagine the following scene. under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme harmony into a fairyland. whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. when the emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.

the last qing emperor puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, his father carried him to the throne. at the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .he was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”i don’t want to stay here. i want to go home.” his father tried to soothe him, saying, ”it` all soon be finished .it` all soon be finished ”the ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. coincidentally, the qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded china `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.

(on the stone terrace of the hall of supreme harmony)

this is a bronze incense burner. in it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. there are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the sing monarchs. on either side of the hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. this copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” it served as the national standard during the qing dynasty. it was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. on the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. the jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.

in the very forefront of the hall of supreme harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. the hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, it is 35 meters in height. in front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .it has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. in the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . the flanks are decorated with elephants, luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. the elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. as ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.

the hall of supreme harmony is also popularly known as jinluan dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). the floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .the so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.

the hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the specialities of china `s ancient architure. in the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. this copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the xuanyuan mirror and is thought to be made xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. the placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of china` s successive emperors are zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. now you might have noticed that the xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. why? it is rumored that yuan shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .in 1916 when yuan shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a western-style, high-back chair. after the foundation of the people` s republic of china in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. it repaired and returned to the hall.

(leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)

the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient chinese. they believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. the vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. they were kept full of water all year round.

during the qing dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. they were made of gilt bronze or iron. of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. when the allied forces (britain, germany, france, russia, the united states, italy, japan and austria) invaded beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the boxer rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. during the japanese occupation of beijing, many vats were trucked away by the japanese to be made into bullets .

(in front of the hall of complete harmony)

the square architecture before us is called the hall of complete harmony. it served as an antechamber. the emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral temple. the seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. the two qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of emperor qianlong.

(in front of the hall f preserving harmony)

this is the hall of preserving harmony. during the qing dynasty, banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of mongolian and northwestern china` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. the emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. during the ming and qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. the national exam was presided over by the emperor. the civil service exam in ancient china started during the han dynasty. it served the purpose of recruiting confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. during the tang and qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to beijing and took exams for three day and night. this system was abolished in 1905.

(behind the hall of preserving harmony)

this is the largest stone carving in the palace . it is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .it weighs about 200 tons. the block was quarried in fangshan county, roughly 70 kilometers away. to transport such a huge block to beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. rolling blocks were used in the summer. in 1760, emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the ming dynasty.

note : from here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(route a), a central route (route b) or an eastern route (route c) .the commentary for each follows.

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden city. now i ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . the hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) hall in the east. this hall was built during the ming dynasty. it is a h-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .the hall is surrounded by corridors. in front of the hall is the office of privy council.

before emperor kangxi of qing the dynasty came to power the hall of heavenly purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. emperor yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .for the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .you can have a look at the inside from the door. the central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. the western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs. the hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of buddha and miniature pagodas. on the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the han costume. in a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “sanxitang” (room of three rare treasures) . the room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that empress dowager cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . a bamboo curtain was used to separate them .

empress dowage cixi was born in 1835 in lu` an prefecture of shanxi province. she` s of manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south china. when she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of emperor xianfeng and moved into the forbidden city. she gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year. when the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of cixi, meaning “holy mother” was conferred upon her and she became the empress dowager. in that same year empress dowager cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, ci` an, for 48 years. she passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. it was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .in 1912 , empress dowager longyu declared the abdication of the last qing emperor puyi. they were allowed to remain in the forbidden city for the next 13 years .the royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.

behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive qing emperors .three of them actually passed away here. the side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines. now let` s continue with our tour. it will take us to the hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Welcome to the temple of Heaven. (After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China. There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. All in all ,there are 12 million visitors very year. Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the alter. It will take roughly one hour. Mind you ,the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.

(Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar)

The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven ,the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. But why ?

The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind ,and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being.

The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature. In those days, there were specfic rites of worship. This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.

The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Youngle of the Ming Dynasty. Situated in the southern part of the city ,this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. To better symbolize heaven and earth ,the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one. The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices. The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar.

(Along the Imperial Passage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)

the Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls ,each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether. Standing on the passage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.

On the day of the ceremony ,the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the alter.

(Atop the Circular Mound Alter)

we are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace .Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps.

At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second ,18, up to 81 in the 9th ring. Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiplee of 9. But why?

According to ancient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors. Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin. Nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man . What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.

Once more look at the round stone in the center. The upper terrace is nine zhang (a Chinese unit of length, one zhang equals 3.3 meters ) in circumference ,while the middle is 15 zhang, the lower, 21 zhang.

Classified as yang numbers, the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized success. What is more, by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples, the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized . The concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.

Now I will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the Inter Solstice. The memorial tablet dedicated to Heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace, while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks. The service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning. All of the lanterns would be lit .

In the foreground, a sacrificial calf is being barbecued. On the square in front of the altar, the emperor, under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers, princes of royal blood ,musicians, dancers and uniformed soldiers, would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of Heaven. When the service drew to a close ,the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated .

All of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing God off .

Music and dancing would follow .In the end ,the emperor would return to the Forbidden City secure in the belief that he would be blessed and protected by Heaven until the next winter Solstice.

It is interesting to note that ,the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance ,since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer. The stone ,which is known as the God`s heart Stone, is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder, thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .You can try this out by yourself. (Proceed northward to pass through the Lattice StarGate)

(In front of the Gate of glazed tiles)

this structure is known as Heaven` s Storehouse. It is entered through the Gate of glazed Tiles. The roofing ,beams, and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks. This is the only structure of its kind in china today .

the Heaven` s Storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept. Douglas Hurd, a former British foreigh secretary ,once said , “God attends to His affairs on the Cir4cular Mound Altar but stays here. ” Now let` s go in to to see it (Go through the left side door)

(In the courtyard of Heaven` s Storehouse)

this is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, the main structure of Heaven` s Storehouse. It was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter. The structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball ,and carved wooden doors and windows. It is decorated with colored paintings. Founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace ,the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.. The ramp is carved in “Two dragons Playing with a pearl ” design in relief. We will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.

(On the marble terrace of the main hall)

the arch of the hall is buttressed by 16 giant pillars on two rings. On top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caisson ,or covered ceiling .The ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design. The 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.

To the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal. Atop it ,up a wooden flight of 9 steps, is where the major tablet dedicate to Heaven was enshrined. On each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors. In the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors. In the annex halls in the courtyard, there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun, moon ,constellation, cloud ,rain, wind and thunder.

(Echo Wall and Triple Csound Stones)

Aside from exquisitely laid out architectures, Heaven` s Storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features, i. E. the Echo Wall and the Triple- Sound Stone.

A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side, although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. This is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth ,solid bricks.

In front of the steps leading away from the halls is the Triple Sound Stone. If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times. Hence the name. (Go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path northward)

(Nine-Dragon Cypress)

the Temple of Heaven is also famous for its cypress trees-there are more than 60,000 cypress trees in all ,among which over 4,000 are more than one hundred years old ,adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .This tall cypress was planted more than 500 years ago. Its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the Nine-Dragon cypress. It is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs. Now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.

(In the south of Chengzhen Gate)

now we are back again on the Central Axis. This brick-arched gate is known as Chengzhen (Adopting Fidelity) .This gate is the northern gate of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis. It was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.

(On the Red Stairway Bridge)

entering the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, we set foot on a raised passage 360 meters long, which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. This broad north-south walkway, called Danbiqiao (Red Stairway bridge), connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis.

The passage is divided into left, control and right paths by the cross arrangement of slabs. The central and the widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare , which was reserved exclusively for God; nobody, including the emperor, was allowed to set foot onto it .

The emperor used the path on the east ,which is known as the Imperial Walk. The ministers and princes used the one on the west .Interesting enough ,there is no walkway left for ordinary people. This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them.

Contrary to appearances, this walkway is not a bridge at all . But how so ? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. All in all ,it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing.

Looking back at the thoroughfare, you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest, the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. Here you are in Heaven.

(Costume-Changing Terrace)

the marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai, or CostumeChanging Terrace. It is located to the east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .

IT has marble Slab balustrades. The day before the service ,officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes. After the service, the emperor would return to the tentand change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)

(At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest)

this structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest. We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building ,the Hall of Prayer for Good harvest, though the colonnade of the Gate.

A gigantic and lofty group of buildings, the complex includes the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest, the hall of prayer for good harvest, eastern and western annex halls ,the Huanqian (Imperial heaven) Long corridor, Heaven Kitchen, slaughterhouse, etc.

the annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace ,to set off the loftiness and magnificence of the main hall .This unique building ,38 meters in height, is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball.

The roofing is made of blue glazed tiles, the color of the sky .Underneath the roof, the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings. The base of the structure is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace. At a distance, the terrace looks like a gigantic, spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it .

Today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of Beijing, which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.

(At the base of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)

The base of the hall is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace, which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height ,covering a space of 4,000 square meters.

Meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure. In the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs, there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud, dragon and phoenix designs. To set off the ramps, the top of the balustrades and downpipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls.

In southern part of each tier, a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed. Sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.

(In front of the hall of Prayer for good harvest)

climbing up this marble terrace, we see the main hall ,a masterpiece of ancient China. Looking up you will see the caisson, or covered ceiling, characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes. In and out , the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.

Without the use of steel ,cement and nail, and even without the use of big beams and crossbeams, the entire structure is supported by 28 massive wooden pillars and number of bars, laths, joints and rafters.

The four central pillars, called the dragon-Well Pillars, are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers, representing the four season. There are two rings of 12 scarlet pillars each. The inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .

Between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the Chinese lunar year. The pillars, 28 in number, also represent the 28 constellations in the universe- the ancient Chinese believed that there were 28 constellations that made up the sky.

The center of the stone-paved floor is a round marble slab, which is 88.5 centimeters in diameter. Interestingly, the slab features natural black and white veins, corresponding to the dragon-phoenix design on the ceiling. This particular slab is known as the Dragon-phoenix stone and is regarded as a treasure inseparable from the hall.

The furnishings within the hall are placed in their original positions dating back to when Emperor Xianfeng ruled .In the forefront and above the throne are enshrined tablets in commemoration of Heaven. On either table on each side tablets of the emperor` s ancestors were placed.

Each tablet is fronted by an altar. A total of 24 kinds of offering were made on it ,including soup, wine, assorted cereals, and a calf.

The sacrificial rites were observed in the wee hours of the morning, sometime in the first month of the Chinese lunar year. Because it was still dark, candles, lanterns and torches were lit. This lighting coupled with the incense being burnt inside the hall ,helped make the ceremony both grand and mystical.

By the time the service began,207 musicians and dancers would be performing on platforms outside the hall. The emperor, in his blue sacrificial robe and with an air of piety and sincerity, would walk slowly into the hall, kowtow, and offer wine and prayer in hornor of the deities and his ancestors.

All of the offerings would then be taken to incinerators on the eastern side of the gate of prayer for Good Harvest. With this we conclude our visit to the Temper of Heaven. The feudal monarchs and their sacrificial rites have long vanished in history .

However, this group of magnificent and lofty structures remain as a fine testament of the ancient Chinese` s ingenuity and as one of the cultural heritages of mankind.

(On the Long Corridor)

From the Eastern Gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest, we have now enter a 300-meter-long corridor. Consisting of 72 sections, this corridor served as a connecting building between the Slaughterhouse. Heaven Kitchen, and the main hall ,It is said that this once served as a sacrificial food production line. Flanking the corridor are shopping stalls. You may find some souvenirs for your family and friend there.

Well ,that is all for this tour. Thank you for your attention. I look forward to your next visit. Good luck and bon voyage.

Ladies and gentlemen:

The Palace Museum is located in the center of Beijing. It is also known as the Forbidden City in the old days. Actually it was the imperial palace for the emperors and served as both living quarters and the venue of the state administration in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Its name, on the one hand, comes from ancient Chinese astronomers belief that Gods abode or the Purple Palace, the pivot of the celestial world, is located in the Pole Star, at the center of the heavens . Hence, as the Son of God, the emperor should live in the Purple City. On the other hand, except for palace maids, eunuchs and guards, ordinary the Forbidden City and the Purple City.

It took 14 years to complete the magnificent palace. Construction began in 1406 and finished in 1420. The following year, in 1421 the capital of the Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing. Starting from the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Di to the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty Pu Yi, altogether 24 emperors lived here for a total of 491 years. 14 of then were Ming emperors and 10 were Qing emperors.

The Forbidden City covers an area of 72 hectares with a total floor space of about 163,000 square meters. It is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west with a10-meter high city wall surrounded and encircled by a 52 meter-wide moat. At each corner of the surrounding wall, there is a magnificent watchtower which was heavily guarded in the old days.

The Forbidden City now consists of more than 90 palaces and courtyards, 980 buildings with rooms of 8,704. Most of the structures in the Forbidden City were made of wood with white marble, stone or brick foundations. The building materials were from parts of our country. The timber came from Sichuan, Guizhou, Guandxi, Hunan and Yunnan provinces in southwest China. But in the Qing Dynasty, the timbers were transported from northeast China. Other construction materials, including brick, stone and lime, were used by both Dynasties. The golden bricks that paved the halls were manufactured in Suzhou, refined bricks used to build the foundation of halls were made in Linqing, and lime came from Yizhou. White marble was provided regularly by Fangshan County and glazed tiles by Sanjiadian.

The Forbidden City can be divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Palace. The Outer Court consists of three main buildings where the emperors attended the grand of rear three main buildings and the six eastern palaces and six western palaces where the emperor used to handle daily affairs and the living quarters for the emperor, empress and imperial concubines to live in.

The Forbidden City is the best-preserved imperial palace in China and the largest ancient palatial structure in the world. In 1987 it was listed as the world cultural heritage by UNESCO.

The Meridian Gate is the main entrance to the Forbidden City. It is called Meridian Gate because the emperor believed that the meridian line went right through the Forbidden City and his imperial residence was the center of the whole universe. It is 35.6meters high with five towers on the top, so it is also nicknames as the “Five-Phoenix Tower.”

The Meridian Gate was the place to announce the new lunar year calendar on the first day of 10th lunar month every year. Lanterns would also be hung up on the Meridian Gate on the 15th day of the first lunar month during the Ming Dynasty, when all the officials would have a feast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens, when all the officials would have a fast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens would go to the Meridian Gate to look at the beautiful lanterns. When a general returned from battle, the ceremony of “Accepting Captives of War” was held here. The “Court Beating” also took place here.

The gate has five openings. The central passageway was for the emperor exclusively. But apart from the emperor, the empress could use the central passageway on the day of the imperial wedding ceremony. However, after the palace examination, the first top three outstanding scholars were allowed to go through the central gate. The high-ranking civil and military officials went in through the side gate on the east. The two smaller ones on both sides at the corner were for the lowranking officials. During the Palace Examination all the candidates went in from these two side-gates according to the odd number or even number.

In order to feel the beautiful ring, on Sunday, I went to the west lake and the family on the bai causeway.

Took to long broken bridge, a cool breeze, greeted by strain, was a green willow and just it movements in the peach blossom. Under the willow trees on the lakeside, head hanging ten million “green braid”, is “jaer makeup into a tree height, ten thousand lop green silk sash.” Ah! Peach blossom like green lace colour ornament, the bai causeway is like the beauty of the west lake belt, beautiful. Down the broken bridge, we go forward to a more leisurely pace.

Walk on the top, look down, just grass, rising from the earth was green and soft, it must be very comfortable to sit on. Looked up and saw the level as a mirror of the west lake. The west lake water is clear, clear can faintly see lake fish; The west lake water is quiet, quiet you can use it to look in the mirror, the beauty of the lake in the “mirror” is more beautiful; The west lake water really green ah, green as if it is a huge flawless jade. Still driving a few small boat on the lake, vaguely can hear a few birds, is really a quiet leisure good place!

More distant, in the bosom of mountains, both coasts stands on the mountainside, its “chubby figure” plus the glittering “pointy hat” at the top, like to the west lake with golden crown.

Mountain Tai Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen:

Welcome to Taian .Taian is well known in the world becase of Mountain Tai .Are you ready ?Letgo! The name of Mountain Tai was first recored in BOOK OF SANGS.Many friends have ask me why Mountain Tai .

Mountain Tai lies in center Shangdong Province .With the magnificent sea to the east and the long yellow river to the western towing in Shandong .Its mean peak rising 1545 m above sea level.

Mountain Tai has a profound cultural connotaion.Since ancient times it has respected by Chinese and it known as the

Ok! My friends the ancient building in front of us is the Bixia Temple. It is the most perfect building in Mountain Tai .Its the temple to the Mountain Tai goddess Bixia yuanjun. The Bixia Temble was first constructed in Song dynasty in1009.The arhitedtural complex is well-arranged. Grandus and it looks like a palace in Heaven.

Who is Bixia yuanjun ?In legend she is a fairy lady.Her statues in Taoist is very high.She will give lucy and happness when people pray in front of her.

The Bixia temple is devided by the main gate into two courtyards.The front courtyard has a tower for singing and dancinwww.wenku1.com/news/964F38659F4B47C2.htmlg .two atices in the east and the weste. the bell tower and the drum tower respectively on the left and the right.Underthe tower for singing and dancing is a fire floor called.

Now we look at the four bronze the statues of Black dragon.wight tiger .Zhaogong ming and Liuting are enshrined inside the main gate .

Now we come to the courtyard.Two amperior stilis written by emperor QianLong of qing dynasty.Respectively erected on the east and weast.

The main building in the rea courtyard is the hall of Bixi yuanjun which houses the gilded bronze statue of Mountain Tai Bixia yuanjun .And hands the two large plaques.

Now give you some time for free visit half an hour later we will visit the next attraction.

Welcome to the bai causeway! I am your tour guide, my name is x, you can call me little x. For a fun filled visit to in order to facilitate everyone, let me first introduce you.

Bai causeway formerly known as white sand dam, built for the case-dough water to irrigate their fields. Old with sand ground, today has been changed to ahalt pavement. As early as one thousand years ago in the tang dynasty, famous for its beautiful landscapes. People thought that the dam was presided over bai juyi building, call it bai causeway. Actually when former hangzhou secretariat of bai juyi, near the old outside a qiantang Shi Hanqiao built a dam, known as the white male dam, now has no trace to be found. Bai causeway known today, although with bai juyi host bai causeway is not in a position of the building, but as a reminder of the hangzhou people made outstanding contributions in hangzhou in “the old mayor”, is named bai causeway.

Bai causeway formerly known as “white sand dam”, is the tie that will be connected to the scenic ot of hangzhou, east “broken bridge can xue”, the brocade belt to the west, in “the foundation”, long about 2 in. In tang dynasty is called white sand dike, sand dikes, in song and Ming also called isolated hill road, ShiJin pond.

Secretariat of the tang dynasty poet bai juyi of hangzhou from time to tome did: “love koto line is insufficient, green Yang Yinli white sand dike.” Namely the dike. Later generations to commemorate the poet, known as bai causeway.

Bai causeway wide, clear, by the lake density weeping willows, the outer is all kinds of peach blossom, looking back to the mountains with green, the lake TuBi, such as in the middle. Every April willow green narrow leaves with soft switch is the wind dancing dancing on the lake, willow branches fluttering down into the lake. Weeping willows and lake to let a person feel the perfect harmony of nature and love.

Bai causeway scenery, four seasons: ring peach Xia Liu, autumn winter snow, guangxi is a unique style.

Temple of Solitary Joy is located at inside west city gate of Ji County,Tianjin City. It is known for its refined architecture skill in Channelsancient buildings and has got the reputation of Six Best. These are: Theearliest Dingshan Gate (Gate of Withstanding Hill) of the ground hall preservednow; The earliest Chiwei object on the Hill Gate preserved now; The earliestplane distribution which took pavilion as the center on the architecture plane;The biggest clay sculptured statue of Avalokiteavara inside a pavilion in China;The Avalokiteavara is also the most ancient high storeyed one; The more preciousfact is that the Temple of Solitary Joy has stood unscathed after thousand yearsof rain, snow, wind and frost and 28 big attacks, hence the most durable ancientMonastery of thousand years.

Entering the Temple , the first comes to sight is 10 m high gate, on thearch of which there hangs a horizontal inscribed board: Temple of Solitary Joy.The single eaves ground hall roof was the roof building form during the westernTsin (AD265-316) and Southern and Northern Dyansty (420-589) period, which wascalled Siadading in ancient time and now it is called big roof. On the two endsof the plane ridge, there are inward Chiweis. Chi denoted sparrow hawk inancient time, which is a kind of fierce bird. The stand base of the gate iscomparatively low, but the hall pinnacle is much higher above eaves and thepottery animal figures look sturdy; solemn and sturdy. There is no ceilinginside the pinnacle, therefor the painted beam and purlieus are visible. Thewhole piece is exquisitely wrought, simple arranged and skillfully done, forwhich people gasp in administration.

Crossing the gate, one comes to the core building - AvalokitesvaraPavilion, 23 m in height. Form outside appearance, it is two storeyed, butinside there is a hidden storey, thus three storeyed in fact. On the eavescorners, pottery unicorns are sculptured, on which little Buddha statues ride.Copper bells are hung under eaves corners, swaying with the wind, a speciallyrefined scene. The most attractive thing is the structure of Dougong (sets ofbrackets on top of the columns supporting the beams within and roof eaveswithout――each set consisting of tiers of outstretching arms called Gong,cushioned with trapezoidal blocks called Dou). It is made of overlapping Dougongshaped wood blocks and bow shaped horizontal wood bars by adopting 24 forms witheach layer stretching out as bracket, big in upper part and small in lower part,thinly scattered, steady and sturdy. It makes eaves of the pavilion look likeflying, far and deep in the sky, a beautiful and magnificent view.

Entering the Avalokitesvara Pavilion, the very sight is a huge standingAvalokitesvara Statue. If one stands by it, his height is only up to her ankle.The Statue, 16.27 m in height, is the biggest clay sculpture of Avalokitesvarain China. Two statues of attendant Bodhisattvas under the knee of Avalokitesvaraare also 3 m in height. On the crown of the head of Avalokitesvara, there are 10small Avalokitesvares heads, hence it is called 11 faces Avalokitesvara.Reviewing around the inner part of the pavilion, one can discover that pillarsof high and low storeys are not directly linked through, but the pillars of theupper storey are ed into the arch head of that of lower storey. The upperstorey of the pavilion is in a form of six corners empty well, while the lowerstorey is in a form of square empty well. This kind of structure is not onlybeautiful and strong, but also adds the space of the upper part of Budhastatues. On the four walls inside the pavilion, colorful murals are painted, thetheme of which is the images of 16 Arhats and 2 Ming Dynasty Emperors, which arethe earliest subjects of Buddhism. On he murals, 2 m high Arhats with 3 headsand 4 arms are extremely lifelike and Ming Emperors on the four walls are fullof power and grandeur. On the upper part of the murals, there are mountains,forest, cloud and river, while on the lower part, there are paintings of secularthemes with vivid and natural lines, which embody the superb the skill and artsof painting of ancient Buddhism in China.

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to wuliangge. I'm your guide.

Wuliangge, also known as Shoufeng temple, is located on the top of qieshi mountain, 10km south of Fengrun county. It was built in 1032, the first year of the reign of emperor Chongxi of Liao Dynasty. The pavilion was built on the granite platform. It used to be one story, and then it was added to three stories in the sixth year of the reign of emperor Chongxi. There are 1 pagodas on the left and right sides of the pavilion. Now there is only the pharmacist's Pagoda in the west, and one Wenchang Pavilion built in the Republic of China in the East (on the right). The existing Pavilion is rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty. It has three floors. The front of each floor is arched with a platform and a white marble railing. Xieshan double eaves glazed tile roof, under the eaves are brick wood arch. All the pavilions are made of brick and tile. They have no beams or inch of wood members, so they are called Wuliang pavilions. In front of the pavilion, there is a scripture building on the left, and in front of it, there is a stele of Wanfo Pavilion, which was built in 1598. Wenchang Pavilion was destroyed by the earthquake, and Wuliang pavilion has been renovated.

The pharmacist's pagoda, also known as Qieshan flower pagoda, was built in 1032, the first year of the reign of emperor Chongxi of the Liao Dynasty. It is an octagonal pavilion type flower Pagoda with ll layers, solid, all built with bricks, with a height of more than 28 meters. The lotus xumizuo on the base of the pagoda is richly carved. The four facades of the pagoda are carved with arch shaped false doors, and the other four sides are embossed with tall Bodhisattvas. The pagoda above the first floor is a cone, and from the second floor to the ninth floor is surrounded by bricks Sculpture of Buddha. The Tasha has been destroyed. This pagoda is of special construction. On the eaves of the pagoda, there are seven layers of square pavilions, forming a flower shaped pagoda body. The lower layer of the pagoda is in the form of Yu layer pavilions, and the upper six layers are in the form of single-layer pavilions. It is beautiful, simple and elegant, which is rare in the flower pagodas of Liao Dynasty.

Well, tourists, Wuliang Pavilion is here to explain. Thank you for your support!

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to the great wall of Tangshan. I'm your guide.

The Great Wall winds 220 kilometers in Tangshan, with 29 famous passes. With its ups and downs and Pentium, it has gathered the essence of Ming the Great Wall. Along the Great Wall, the folk customs are ancient and simple, and there are many anecdotes and legends, which are the best tourism products of Tangshan.

Jiufengshan Great Wall in Zunhua, Panjiakou underwater Great Wall in Qianxi, marble Great Wall in Qian'an, qingshanguan, xifengkou, lengkouguan, prison building, seventy-two voucher building, shuimen, brick kiln of great wall, horse breeding circle and so on are all the unique features of the Great Wall, which have produced more and more influence at home and abroad in recent years. The Great Wall on Jiufeng Mountain is less than one foot high and less than three feet wide, because the officials who built the great wall are greedy for silver and cut corners. It is a typical “tofu dregs Great Wall”.

Qingshanguan city is one Zhang and four feet high, and sixteen Zhang and nine feet high on Saturday. It was built in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. From a distance, it looks exquisite and antique. 72 coupons building is made up of 72 arches, which are very beautiful; the water gate is made of green bricks, which is still intact after hundreds of years of wind, rain and mountain torrents. Zuosan kiln, known as the Great Wall kiln, is located in dalingzhai, Qianxi. It was discovered in 1985 and got its name because of the inscription “zuosan” on the bricks. In 1993, seven ancient Great Wall brick kilns were excavated, which is a complete brick material base along the Great Wall, and solved the mystery of the origin of the great wall bricks. Qian'an marble Great Wall is about 1.5 kilometers long, 10 meters high and 5 meters wide. The base of the city and the enemy tower are mostly made of marble, which is very rare in the Great Wall.

Xifengkou, known as songtingguan in ancient times, is a famous ancient battlefield in history. When the 29th Route Army resisted the Japanese invasion in China, the Dagao March was a household name, adding infinite charm to Xifengkou Great Wall. Along the Great Wall, there are also a series of scenic spots, such as the headquarters of Ji Town, where Qi Jiguang, a national hero, led military affairs and defended the border for 16 years, the originator of the earth's rocks identified by UNESCO, the granulite ancient rock of TAIPINGZHAI 3.67 billion years ago, and the Paleolithic site of Zhaocun village in Qian'an.

Well, tourists, Tangshan ancient Great Wall is here for you. Thank you for your support!

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