突破定语从句精讲精练 (人教版高三英语上册教学论文)

这次小编给大家整理了突破定语从句精讲精练 (人教版高三英语上册教学论文)，本文共12篇，供大家阅读参考。

突破定语从句精讲精练

Ex. 1. This is the factory _______we visited last year.

2. Is this the factory_______ colour TV sets are produce d?

3. Is this the factory _______your father works?

4. This is the best factory _______I have ever visited all my life.

5. Is this factory _______we visited last year?

A. where B. in which C. the one D. at which E. that F. in that G. in where

H. which I. the one that J.

Ex2. 1. I will never forget the day ____I joined the League.

A. which B. when C. in which D. on that

2. September 18, 1913 is the day _______ we’ll never forget.

A. that B. when C. on which D. on that

3. I remember the day _______I first came to the college.

A. on which B. in which C. which D. that

4. Do you still remember the days ________ we spent together in the countryside.

A. that B. in which C. when D. on which

Ex.3 1.I've read all the books you gave me.

A.which B.them C.what D.that

2.There isn't much I can do.

A.what B.which C.that D.how

3.He keeps a record of everythinghe had seen there.

A.he B.that C.which D.what

4.Tell us about the people and the places are different from ours.

A.that B.who C.which D.whom

5.Mr John said that Suzhou was the first cityhe had visited in China.

A.that B.where C.which D.what

6.The TV play I watched last night is the best oneI have watched this year.

A.whichB.what C.whose D.that

7. There is no difficultycan't be overcome in the world.

A.that B.which C.who D.what

8. Who is the personis standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?

A.who B.that C.which D.whom

9. This is the last timeI shall come here to help you.

A.that B.which C.when D.what

10. This is the very filmI've long wished to see.

A.which B.that C.who D.whom

11. I now know why Mao impresses everyone who meets him the way he does.

A.which B.what C.／ D.now

Ex.4 1.The doctor did allto save the wounded boy.

A.what he could C.everything which he could B. he could D.for which he could do

2. He is the only one of the threegot the new idea.

A.who have B.whom have C.who has D. whose had

3. I'm one of the studentswell in English in my class.

A. who does B. who do C. which does D. who did

4. The reason ___________ he could not go there was _______ his grade was too low.

A. that, why B. why, for D. that, that, D. why, that

5.When night fell, we finally reached what was once an old temple__ the villagers used as a school

A. where B. which C. when D. why

EX高考点击

1. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _______ the sailing time was 226 days.

A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which (全国卷)

2．The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.

A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which (2004全国卷)

3． American women usually identify their best friend as someone _______ they can talk frequently.

A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom (2004上海卷)

4． In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m._____ time many people have gone home.

A. whose B. that C. on which D. by which (1995上海)

5．Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable. (上海)

A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose

6． There are two buildings, ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high. (2004湖北卷)

A. the larger B. the larger of them

C. the larger one that D. the larger of which

7．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold abroad.

A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that ( 2004辽宁卷)

8. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.

A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose (89)

9. She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth.

A.it B.which C.this D.that (91)

10. In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.

A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom (92)

11. The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect.

A.what B.which C.that D.it (92)

12. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.

A.which B.where C.that D.when (96)

13．Carol said the work would be done by October.＿＿＿＿＿personally I doubt very much.

A. it B.that C.when D.which (99)

14．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____,of course, made the others unhappy.

A．who B．which C．this D．what (2000)

15. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____ was very reasonable.

A.which price B.the price of which C.its price D.the price of whose

16._____ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.

A.As B.It C.That D.Which

17.He lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English.

A.this B.which C.that D.same

18.Oh the wall hung a picture, _____ color is blue.

A.whose B.of which C.which D.its

19.Whenever I met him , ____ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.

A.what B.which C.that D.when

20. I don’t like _____ you speak to her.

A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which

The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands the famous tower.

A.that B.where C.which D.there

14.The boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.

A.in which B.in that C.in whose D.whose

15.

16.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._______ I got wet through .

A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how

17.He made another wonderful discovery , ____ of great importance to science.

A.which I think is B.which I think it is C.which I think it D.I think which is

18.He was very rude to the customs officer, ____ of course made things even worse.

A.who B.whom C.what D.whcih

1. Yesterday Mr. Li finally bought his own house, _______ is a hospital.

A. in where B. to the east of which

C. to the east of it D. in the east of that

2. My brother's purse, _______ he put ￥1,000, was missing on the bus.

A. there B. which C. in which D. that

3. The football match _______ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful.

A. in which B. which C. in that D. that

4. The reason _______ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour.

A. which B. in which C. for which D. of which

5. His glasses, _______ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy.

A. which B. without which C. with which D. without those

6. The computer, _______ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle.

A. which B. for which C. that D. to that

7. In the past we lost many chances, _______ we paid little attention.

A. which B. that C. in which D. to which

8. The pen, _______ I had been writing for ten years, was broken.

A. with which B. with that C. as D. with it

9. Mary has two brothers, ________ are doctors.

A. both of they B. both of whom C. both of them D. whom of both

10. The problem _______ you argued about yesterday has been solved.

A. that B. what C. why D. for which

11. My aunt bought me a book, the name _______ I have forgotten.

A. of it B. which C. whose D. of which

12. On the way home I met my friend John, from _______ home the thief had stolen a computer.

A. whom B. which C. that D. whose

13. I hate the way _______ you talk to your mother.

A. by which B. on which C. in which D. which

14. At last we found the hole in the wall _______ the mouse got into the house last night.

A. in which B. which C. through which D. by which

15. There are three girls in the room, ________ is Tom's sister.

A. the tallest of which B. the tallest of whom

C. tallest of that D. tallest of which

16. I'll never forget the day _______ I bought my own guitar with my own money.

A. where B. on which C. on when D. that

17. She is just the girl, with _______ my brother came to visit me last month.

A. whom B. her C. that D. who

18. Last night we saw two movies, _______ was interesting.

A. both of which B. neither of which

C. both of them D. neither of them

19. This is the house in _______ I was born thirty years ago.

A. it B. there C. which D. that

20. The reason for _______ he failed in the exam was that he was too careless.

A. which B. why C. that D. it

Key:

1-5 BCACB 6-10 BDABA 11-15 DDCCB 16-20 BABCA

责任编辑：李芳芳

高三英语复习专题(定语从句/名词从句/状语从句)

(出题人 吕若男)

1. _________ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生态系统) to recover.

A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once

2. Doris' success lies in the fact ___ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others

A. which B. that C. when D. why

3. You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, ___ is always busy at the weekend.

A. that B. where C. what D. which

4. If you are traveling ______ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.

A. in which B. what C. when D. where

5. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed.

A. of that B. of which C. of whose D. which

6. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _______he had to meet his uncle at the air port.

A. why B that C. where D. because

7. ---Why didn't you tell him about the meeting?

---He rushed out of the room ______ I could say a word.

A. before B. until C. when D. after

8. The reason why he was late is ______ his clock didn’t give the alarm.

A. because B. due to C. since D. that

9. The police finally caught the man ______ was the escaped prisoner.

A. who they thought B. whom they thought

C. they thought him D. that they thought him

10. If the design was wrong, the project is sure to fail, ______ good all the other ideas might be.

A. whatever B. however C whatsoever D. even

11. I am pleased with what you have told me and ______ you have given me.

A. all what B. all that C. which D. all whatever

12. Hardly ____ come into the room ____ the meeting began.

A. had they; when B. they had; when

C. did they; than D. they did; then

13. I don't believe ____ he says now. He is a cheat.

A .no matter what B. everything C. whatever D. how

14. We called the First - Aid Center_______ the traffic accident happened.

A. immediately B. shortly C. quickly D. hurriedly

15. Dr. Bethune began to work _______ he arrived at the front.

A. for the moment B. by the time C. the time D. the moment

16. Michael used to look hurt and surprised when ________.

A scolding B to scold C having scolded D scolded

17. It is known to all that _____ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health.

A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if

18. Not until all the fish died in the river _____ how serious the pollution was.

A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized

C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize

19. So difficult _____ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English.

A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel

20. You can't have this football back _______ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,“ the old man said firmly.

A. because B. since C. when D. until

21. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _______ I can have time for a cup of tea.

A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that

22. ---It’s thirty years since we last met．

---But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ______ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which B. what C. that D. when

23. He often thinks of _______ he can do more for the four modernizations.

A. what B. how C. that D. which

24 We cannot figure out _______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.

A. that B. as C. why D. when

25. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, ______the quality of life is probably one of the highest.

A. since B. when C. as D. while

26. At last the soldiers reached ________ the locals called the Golden Triangle.

A. that B. where C. when D. what

27. –I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?

--It was in his office ________ he worked.

A. where B. which C. that D. the one

28. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _________ they are different from your own.

A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though

29. ---How far apart do they live?

--- ______I know, they live in the same neighborhood.

A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as

30. ---How long do you think it will be ______ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon.

---Perhaps two or three years.

A. when B. until C. that D. before

31. _________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever

32. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _________ it was 20 years ago, ________ it was so poorly equipped.

A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that

33. –Do you have anything to say for yourselves?

--Yes, there is one point _______ we must insist on.

A. why B. where C. how D. /

34. We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down to talk.

A. where B. that C. when D. which

35. The wrong you’ve done him is terrible, for _______ in my opinion you should make an apology to him.

A. this B. which C. what D. that

36. That art center is ________ used to be a factory, ________ millions of tractors were made.

A. what; where B. where; where C. what; which D. where; which

37. He is the only one of the students who ________ a winner of scholarship for three years.

A. is B. are C. have been D. has been

38. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _______ I thought was a dangerous speed.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

39. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _______ I disagree.

A. why B. where C. what D. how

40. _______ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.

A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When

41. _____________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.

A. Even though B. Unless C. While D. As long as

42. John is the tallest boy in the class, ___________ according to himself.

A. five feet eight as tall as B. as tall as five feet eight

C. as five feet eight tall as D. as tall five feet eight as

43. The article is written in such easy English____ all of us can read.

A. that B. which C. as D. so that

44. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when _________ and see him.

A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come

45. The way he did it was different ________ we were used to.

A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which

46. The place ________ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ________ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.

A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which

47. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, ________.

A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are

C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life

48. The American Civil War lasted four years_______ the North won in the end.

A. after B. before C. when D. then

49. He is difficult to make friends with, but his friendship, ________, is more true than any other.

A. once gained B. when to gain C. after is gained D. while gaining

50. Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients don’t take medicine ________

A. like directed B. to be directed C. as directed D. so that directed

51. He is such a lazy man ________ nobody wants to work with ________.

A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him

52. You may do anything you like ____________ it is not against the law.

A. even if B. so long as C. unless D. as soon as

53. --- It’s a long time _____ I saw you last.

--- Yes, and what a pity it is since it will be a long time _______ we see each other again.

A. before, since B. when, when C. since, before D. when, after

54. Those college students will go ______ they are needed after graduation.

A. to where B. to place C. wherever D. to wherever

55. She always takes careful notes in class ______ she may review them from time to time.

A. so that B. in order to C. because of D. rather than

56. ______ has recently been done to improve the conditions of elementary schools, a great number of children are unable to go to school.

A. That B. What C In spite of what D. Though what

57. ______, they could find nobody in the house.

A. As they would search B. Would as they search

C Search as they would D. They would search as

58. The story of his upbringing is shocking ______.

A. to all that read it B. to all who reads it

C. to all which read it D. to whomever reads it

59. ______ these questions may sound academic, answers to them could have profound economic and political significance.

A. Since B. If C. While D. Lest

60. This old computer must have been of great use to _______ did the scientific research.

A. those B. when C. whoever D. whomever

61. Each blind man believed ____ he knew just ____ the elephant looked like.

A. that; what B. what; that C. that; that D. what; what

62. It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..

A. that B. which C. as D. it

63. – Whose English notebook is it?

-- Oh, Mr. Johnson, that’s mine. It is ______ one _____ I lost last Friday.

A. the same, to B. the same, as C. the same, with D. the same, that

64. -Is that the small town you often refer to?

-Right, just the one _______ you know I used to work for years.

A．that B．which C．where D．what

65. A warm thought suddenly came to me _____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.

A. if B. when C. that D. which

Key:

1-5 DBDDB 6-10 BADAB 11-15 BACAD 16-20 DAADD 21-25 DCBCD 26-30 DABBD 31-35 DADAB 36-40 ADCBA 41-45 DBCAC 46-50 CBBAC 51-55 CBCCA 56-60 CCACC 61-65 ABDCC

责任编辑：李芳芳

定语从句

一： 先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的词

二： 关系代词：用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词的代词。

先行词是物： which that

先行词是人： who that

在从句中的作用： 主语、宾语、表语

e.g. They had a radio. / It could send out messages.

They had a radio which/ that could send out message. (主语)

The girl is my best friend. / She spoke just now.

The girl who/ that spoke just now is my best friend. （主语）

He always buys some books. / He never read them.

He always buys some books (which/ that) he never read. (宾语)

注意点：

1.） 定语从句一般直接跟在先行词的后面：

e.g. The man who lives next door sells vegetables.

The man sells vegetables who lives next door. ( × )

The car which my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.

The car was destroyed in the earthquake which my uncle just bought. ( × )

2．）关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略：

e.g. The young man ( who ) you saw was our manager.

There is something ( that ) we must keep in mind.

3.) 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时， 关系代词只能用which 或 whom

e.g. The man is a famous runner. / You talked to him just now.

The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.

The chair is made of wood. / He is sitting on it now.

The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.

He is a library assistant. / I borrowed some books from him.

He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.

It is a famous school. / He graduated from it 3 years ago.

It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.

The service should be improved. / The students complain a lot about it.

The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.

有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：

e.g. He is the student. / The teachers are looking for him.

He is the student who the teachers are looking for.

The number of the children is 30. / She takes care of the children.

The number of the children who she takes care of is 30.

三： whose 的用法：

关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格，即“的”时，它既可以修饰指人的先行词，也可以修饰指物的先行词。

e.g. The girl is my daughter. / Her work got the first prize.

The girl whose work got the first prize is my daughter.

Do you know anyone? / His family is in Xi’an.

The book is not mine. / The cover of it is red.

I live in the room. / The windows of it face south.

The chair has been repaired. / The leg of it was broken.

四：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：

限制性定语从句：主句和从句不隔开，从句不能省略，否则就会失掉意义不能成立。

He is reading a book which is too difficult for him.

Here is the boy who damaged the glass.

非限制性定语从句：主句和从句用逗号隔开，从句对修饰的部分起到进一步说明的作用，拿掉后其它部分的语意仍保持完整。

e.g. The book is written by Guo Jinming, who is only 19 years old.

Bob’s father, who was an engineer, spent 4 years in Egypt.

Shanghai, which is developing fast, has become one of world’s trade center.

注意点：

非限制性定语从句不能用that引导.

e.g. She is very fond of French, which indeed she speaks quite well.

which还可以用来指代上文中的一件事情.

e.g. Their house is washed away by the floods, which made them very sad.

He lost his job finally, which was exactly what we wanted.

介词＋which:

The picture ______ he paid $100 was once owned by a king.

Can you think of a situation ________ this word can be used?

I’m grateful to him for that advice, ______ I owed all my success.

关系副词： when where why

当先行词是表示时间的名词，用when，在定语从句中充当时间状语，这时一般可以用介词＋which来代替:

e.g. I will never forget the day./ I went to university on that day.

I will never forget the day when/ on which I went to university.

He still remember the morning. / The earthquake happened on that morning.

He still remember the morning when/ on which the earthquake happened.

当先行词是表示地点的名词，用where，在定语从句中充当地点状语，这时一般可以用介词＋which来代替:

e.g. This is the house. / He used to live in the house.

This is the house where/ in which he used to live.

I know of a place. / We can swim in that place.

I know of a place where/ in which we can swim.

Is there any shop around? / I can buy a pen in the shop.

Is there any shop around where/ in which I can buy a pen.

先行词是表示原因的名词，即reason，用why，在定语从句中充当原因状语，这时一般可以用for ＋which来代替:

e.g. I don’t know the reason. / He did it for this reason.

I don’t know the reason why/ for which he did it.

The reason was not clear. / He was fired for it.

The reason why/ for which he was fired was not clear.

注意点：

当表示时间、地点和原因的名词在从句中不是作状语，而是在从句中作主语或宾语时，还是应用which/ that

e.g. This is the date _______ we’re proud of.

This is the date _______ he was born.

I will never forget the time ______ we spent together.

This is the factory _______ my mother works.

This is the factory _______ we visited last week.

Is this factory you visit last week?

A. the one B. where C. which D. that

This factory is the one (that/ which) you visit last week.

I don’t believe the reason _____ he gave for his decision.

Another reason _______ he made this decision is that he had to consider the feelings of others.

关系词的选择

A．只用that

a.当先行词是不定代词，如all, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none, the one等

All that can be done has been done.

I didn’t mean this one; I mean the one that was bought yesterday.

b.先行词（指物的）前面有only, few, one of, little, no, all, every, very等词修饰时

There’s no difficulty that we can’t overcome.

I’ve read all the books that can be borrowed here.

c.先行词被序数词first, last, next等或形容词的最高级修饰时

This is the first letter that I’ve written in Japanese.

She is the most careful girl that I’ve ever known.

d.当先行词既有人又有物时

They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.

The speaker talked of some writers and books that were unknown to us.

e.当先行词是系动词be后面的表语或关系词本身是从句的表语时

China isn’t the country that she used to be 50 years ago.

He is no longer the man that he used to be.

It’s a book that will help you a great deal.

f．当主句是以who, which或what开头的特殊疑问句时

Who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop?

Which is the car that overtook us yesterday?

g. 当主句以There be…结构开头时，或关系代词在there be…结构中作实义主语，先行项为物

There is a seat in the corner that is still free.

There are two tickets of the film that are for you.

The 9.15 is the fastest train that there has ever been.

h. 当先行词是what时

What did you hear that made you so angry?

i.当先行词是基数词时

Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.

B. 只用which

a. 在非限制性定语从句，充当主语或定语

They have three houses, which are built of stone.

b. 当关系代词前有介词时

This is the factory in which we once worked.

We study in the classroom of which the doors face south.

c．当先行词本身that是时

What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?

d. 当关系代词后面带有插入语时

Here is the English grammar book which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.

I’ve bought you some books which I think may interest you.

C.只用who不用that

a.先行词是one, ones或anyone时

One who does not work hard will never succeed.

Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.

She is the only one of the students who has been to the USA.

b.先行词为those 或被those修饰，指人时

Those who learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed.

c.在以there be…的句子中，先行词为人时

There is a comrade outside who wants to see you.

d. 当定语从句中又有定语从句，且先行项都为人时

The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hard.

e.当指人的先行项被一些指物的名词修饰时

There ‘s only one student in the school who I want to see.

Do you know the woman in blue with a baby on her back who is working in the fields?

f. 在非限制性定语从句中指人

I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from America.

g.定语从句中有插入语时, 并不影响关系代词和副词的选择。

Jackson is a man who I believe is honest.

He won another award, which I think is the result of his hard work.

D.在定语从句中，whose作定语， 其先行项既可以是人，又可以是物

Lei Feng was a great communist fighter whose death was weightier than Mount Tai.

Where’s the window whose glass is broken?

E. 在定语从句，关系副词when, where, why与关系代词which, that的关系

July 1st, 1921 is the day that/which we Chinese should always remember.

This is the place that/which they visited last year.

Please give me a reason that/which could account for your absence.

I still remember the day when(=on which) I joined the army.

This is the room where(=in which) Luxun once lived.

Another reason why(=for which) he works hard is that he has pass the exam.

F. as, which的比较

a.在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语．如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用

They failed in the exam, as/which is natural.

She seems a scientist, as/which in fact she is.

Grammar is not a set of dead rules, which/as I have said before.

b.如从句在主句之前，用as

As we all know, his parents were killed in this war.

As is known to all, the earth travels around the sun.

c.如关系代词代表主句全句意思，有＂正如．．．＂＂就象．．．＂之意时，用as

We won the match, as we had expected.

He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected.

d. 当先行项被the same, such, so修饰时，用as

This is the same book as you bought yesterday.同类书 (比较：This is the same book that you bought yesterday.同一本书)

Don’t believe in such men as praise you to your face.

I never give my students so difficult a question as no one can work out.

e. 当从句内容对主句内容起消极作用，则用which

The young man cheated his friend out of much money, which was disgra 定语从句小结

. as 也可以用来引导非限制性定语从句， 用来指待一件事，这时它的位置可以放在句首、句中和句尾。

e.g. He is an American, as/which we know from his accent.

As we know from his accent, he is an American.

He, as we know from his accent, is an American.

As has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules.

Grammar, as has been said above, is not a set of rules.

Grammar is not a set of dead rules, as/which has been said above.

正如: As everyone knows, as you may still remember, as you said, as I can see, as has been mentioned above, as you may have heard, and etc.

定语从句的练习：

I passed him a glass of whiskey, ______ he drank at once.

He spoke to me in a way _______ I don’t at all like.

It is a famous university ________ he graduated 3 years ago.

Are you the lady ______ asked for help?

The service __________ students complain a lot should be improved.

He works in a college ______ students are all women.

The picture ______ he paid $100 was once owned by a king.

Can you think of a situation ________ this word can be used?

We can see very clearly the method ______ the computers work.

_______ he introduced just now, Dr. Baker is an expert in Biology.

I’m grateful to him for that advice, ______ I owed all my success.

This is the famous star ______ photos are on this magazine.

The science of medicine, ________ progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the science.

责任编辑：李芳芳

从句讲解

定语从句

一。I 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）

The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。

（which / that在句中作宾语）

II. 关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于”介词+ which“结构，因此常常和”介词+ which“结构交替使用。

There are occasions when （on which） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和”介词+ which“引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：

His father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

III.判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。

判断改错：

（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

（对） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year.

（对） I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

答案：例1 D，例2 A

例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。

IV. 限制性和非限制性定语从句

1） 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：

This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）

2） 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

3） 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。

V. 介词+关系词

1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2）that前不能有介词。

3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的”介词+关系词“结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。

This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

二。定语从句应注意问题

I。that, which区别

关系代词that的几种情况。

1． 先行词为all， everything， nothing， something， anything， little， few， much等不定代词时。先行词被all， each， few， much， every， no， some， any等不定代词修饰时。如： There is little that I can use． 几乎没有什么我能用的了。

All the books that you need are here． 你所需要的书都在这儿。

2．先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：

This is the first composition that he has written in English．这是他用英语写的第一篇作文。

4．先行词既有人又有物时。如：

He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited． 他谈到了他曾拜访过的老师和学校。

5．主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时。如：

Who is the man that is speaking over there？ 在那里说话的人是谁？

6．先行词被the only，the very， the last等修饰时。如：

This is the very gun that I am looking for． 这正是我在找的枪。

7． 关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：

He is not the young man that he was thirty years ago．他已不是三十年前的那个年轻人了。

关系代词which

（1）在引导非限定性定语从句时(不能放句首)

He can speak English fluently，which impressed me most.他的英语讲得很流利，给我留下了深刻印象。

（2） 介词后

This is the house in which I have lived for 2 years.这就是我居住了两年的房子。

（3）在非限制性定语从句中，即可指一个词，也可指整个句子。

She married again, which was unexpected.

I lost my watch, which is not found yet.

II。which, as 区别

as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：

(1） as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

（2）the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。

I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

III。介词+关系代词

介词+whom（人）主，谓结构

介词+which（物）主，谓结构

（介词）+whose+名词+主，谓结构=and+介词+形容词形物主代词+名词+主谓结构

（介词）+which+名词+主，谓结构=and+介词+this或that +名词+主谓结构

He is the person to whom you can turn for help.

The pencil with which he was writing broke.

He is the man from whose house (=and from his house) the picture were stolen.

We traveled together to Paris, at which place(=and at this place) we parted company.

IV.分隔式定语从句

有些定语从句和现行词之间插入一个词组，短语或别的成分，叫做分隔式定语从句

He arrived Hangzhou in 1984, where he became manager 2 years later.

名词性从句

主语从句：应注意问题

1. 主语从句的语序

主语从句要求使用陈述句语序，而非一般疑问句语序。如：

What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.

How he was successful is still a puzzle.

2. 连接词的选用

（1）that和what的选用

that和what都可引导主语从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当某些成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接词作用。

What he wants is a book. That light travels in straight lines is known to all.

（2）if和whether的选用

引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。如：

Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.

（3）其它连接代词和副词的选用

根据主语从句的具体意义，正确的选择who, which, when, where, why, how等连接词，这些连接词既有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。如：

When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided. Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear.

（4）whatever / whoever的功用

whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别

Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句）（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ）

Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句）（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ）

3. it构成的主语从句

（1）由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。

It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.

需要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：

It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack. （主语从句，有that，无逗号）

As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.

（定语从句，无that，有逗号）

（2）常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构

It is a fact （a good idea / a pity / a shame / no wonder / good news…）that…如：

It”s a pity that you missed the film.

你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。

It is necessary （clear / true / strange/ important / possible…）that…

需要注意的是，这类主语从句中，谓语动词很多为“（should）＋动词原形”，即要用虚拟语气。

It is necessary that you （should）master the computer.

It is important that a student learn English well.

It is reported （well-known / hoped / thought / expected /said /believed/decided /suggested /ordered…）that…如：

It is said that he was killed in the earthquake. 据说他在地震中丧生了。

It seems （happened / appears / doesn”t matter / makes no difference / …）that …

It seems that they will win the game.

看起来他们好像会赢得这场比赛。

It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.

他是否会参加会议都无关紧要。

4。主语从句连接词that不能省略 That he didn’t like her was obvious.

表语从句

定义：

A 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。

The problem is puzzling.

主语 连系动词 形容词作表语

The problem is when we can get a pay rise.

主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句

B 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,

whether,how.

He has become a teacher.=He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.

She has remained there for an hour.=She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.

His suggestion is good.=His suggestion is that we should stay calm.

The question is confusing.=The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

why he cried yesterday.

how I can persuade her to join us in the party.

whether the enemy is marching towards us.

二 注意：

A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.

Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

B 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。

False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.

C 不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.

D that在表语从句中不可以省掉。

宾语从句 应注意问题

1. 引导词that的取舍

that引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中 that常可省略。但在下列情况下，引导宾语从句的that一般不省略。

1）当由两个或两个以上的that引导的从句作同一个动词或介词的宾语时，第二个以及以后从句中的that不宜省略。如：

He said（that）he couldn't tell you right away and that you wouldn't understand．

2）当动词think， make，feel，consider等后用it作形式宾语来代替that引导的宾语从句时。

We think it necessary that we should practise spoken English every day．

3）当that引导的宾语从句中的状语紧接that时。如：

He said that even if it rained，he would be able to come．

2．引导词whether和if的选用

二者引导宾语从句时，一般可换用。但在下列情况下，通常只能用whether而不能用if。

1）在引导词后紧接or not时。如：

We didn't know whether or not she was ready．比较We didn't know whether／if she was ready or not．）

2）当用if易引起歧义时。如：

Please let me know whether you like it．（若该句用if，也可理解为：如果你喜欢它，请告诉我。）

3. 从句中谓语动词时态的选择

一般地说，当主句谓语动词使用的是过去的时态时，后面宾语从句中的时态要受主句时态的限制，用相应的过去时态。但若宾语从句所表示的是客观真理（规律）或人和物的经常性、习惯性以及阶段性的动作或事实时，则从句的时态不受主句时态的限制。这种情况下从句常用一般现在时。

When I was a boy，my teacher told me that the earth is round．

He told me he goes to the park every day．

4．从句中使用虚拟语气的场合

1）在表示建议（suggest），要求（demand，insist）和命令（order）等动词后的宾语从句中，常用“（should）＋动词原形”的形式来表示虚拟语气。如：

I suggest that we（should）have a rest now．

2）表示愿望的wish后的宾语从句中须用虚拟语气。如：

I wish I could fly．（用过去式表示与现在事实相反的愿望）

I wish I had known it before．（用过去完成式表示过去未实现的愿望）

I wish you would stay a little longer．（用would或would ＋动词原形来表示将来的愿望）

5. 含宾语从句的疑难句型

1）I／We don't think ＋宾语从句

这是一个常见的否定转移句型。使用时常把宾语从句中的否定词not移至主句中，即主句谓语用否定式而从句谓语则用肯定式。该结构常译为“我（我们）认为……不……”。如：

We don't think there is anything of interest in your pictures． 2）疑问词（what，how，who等）＋do you think ＋其它句子成分

这是一个复杂特殊疑问句。它由一个一般疑问句（do you think）和一个特殊疑问句（疑问词＋其它句子成分）合并而成。如：

When do you think he will be back？你认为他会什么时候回来呢？

注：常用于上面两结构的主句动词除think外，还有believe，suppose，imagine等。

同位语从句

英语中有一些名词如fact, idea, news, word, hope, promise, suggestion, reply, problem, belief, doubt, truth, order, thought等，它们本身有一定的意义，但表达得不够具体。为了使其表达的意义更加具体明确，其后常跟有一个从句，用来补充说明该名词的内容，这个从句就叫做同位语从句。

The news that our team had won the match spread the whole country.

有时如果主句的谓语动词较短，为保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，同位语从句也常与要说明的分词分开。

Word came that he died yesterday.

一、同位语从句的引导词。

1. 表示陈述意义时通常用that。注意that不能省略。例如：

The fact that he didn”t pass the college entrance examination disappointed his parents.

The king made a promise that he would make anyone rich if one could cure his illness.

2. 当名词doubt用在否定句中时，其后的同位语从句应用that引导；而用在肯定句或疑问句中时则可以用其他词来引导。

I never have the doubt that you can look after yourself.

Some people have the doubt how such a little boy can lift so heavy a box.

3. 表示“是否”的意思时只能用whether，不能用if。这一点与主语从句相似。例如：

The question whether he can finish the work within two days remains unknown.

4. 表示疑问时也可用其他引导词。例如：

This student asked a good question why pollution can”t be stopped.

二、同位语从句与其他从句的比较。

1. 同谓语从句与主语从句和宾语从句的比较。

两者作用不同，主语从句和宾语从句都是从句在主句当中充当主语和宾语；而同位语从句是一个跟在某一名词后并具体说明该名词内容的从句。例如：

（1）That the pop singer will come to this city excited everybody.

（2）Everybody is excited to hear that the pop singer will come to this city.

（3）The news that the pop singer will come to this city excited everybody.

以上三个句子中（1）（2）两句分别在主句中充当主语和宾语。（1）句划线部分为主语从句，（2）句为宾语从句，而（3）句中划线部分则是具体说明名词news内容，故为同位语从句。另外还须注意的是，that引导主语从句、同位语从句时不能省，而引导宾语从句时通常可以省略。

2. 同位语从句与定语从句的比较。

（1）词类不同

同位语从句的名词只能是前面提到的几个有限的、有一定内涵的名词；而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。

（2）性质不同

定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对其前名词的解释，该名词与同位语从句的关系可以用“主系表”来表达。例如：

We have all heard the news that our team has won.

名词与其后的同位语从句可以表达为：

The news is that our team has won.

（3）引导词不完全相同。

有些引导词如：how, whether可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。what不可以引导定语从句，但却可以引导同位语从句。例如：

I have no idea what has happened to him.

引导词that引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语或宾语，（指物时还可用which代替），如果在从句中作宾语常可以省略。that在同位语从句中虽不充当任何句子成份，但不能省略，也不能用which来代替。例如：

The order that we should throw away our luggage was received yesterday.

The order （that）we received yesterday was that we should throw away our luggage.

通过比较可知：第句中的划线部分是对名词order的具体解释，that只起到连接作用，但不能省；第句中的划线部分是名词order的修饰语，that代指the order，在从句中充当宾语，因而在句中可以省略。

状语从句

Adverbial Clauses

状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。

1、时间状语从句

2、地点状语从句

3、原因状语从句

4、目的状语从句

5、结果状语从句

6、条件状语从句

7、方式状语从句

8、让步状语从句

9、比较状语从句

1、时间状语从句

种类 从属连词 例 句 说 明

时 when

whenever When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.

当我进屋时，他正在写信。

We shall go there whenever we are free.

我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。

when指的是“某一具体的时间”。

whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体的时间”。

间

状 when I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.

我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。 when意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可以看作是并列句,这种用法的when分句一般位于句末。

语

while While it was raining, they went out.

天下雨的时候，他们出去了。

I stayed while he was away.

他不在的时候我在。 while指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。

从

as He hurried home, looking behind as he went.

他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。 as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。

句 before Be a pupil before you become a teacher.

先做学生，再做先生。 before译为在…之前

after He arrived after the game started.

比赛开始后，他到了。

till We waited till (until)he came back .

我们一直等到他回来。 如主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…为止”

种类 从属连句 例 句 说 明

时 until She didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock .

她到11点钟才停止工作。

Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.

她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。 如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直…才”“在…以前不”,从句放在句首表示强调，一般用until

间

状

since

as soon as

Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.

自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。

As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you.我一到上海就给你写信。 状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。

语

从

句 hardly…when

no sooner…than

I had hardly got home when it began to rain.

我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.

No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.

我们刚到车站，火车就走了。

Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.

我们刚开始就被叫停。 hardly…when和no sooner…than的意义相当于as soon as,但只表示过去发生的事情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，如hardly或no sooner位于句首时语气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。

every time, by the time, the moment

等 Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.

我每次乘船都晕船。

The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful.

我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。

Next time you come ,you’ll see him.

下次你来的时候，就会见到他。 在时间状语从句中，不能用将来时或过去将来时，而要用现在时或过去时代替将来时。

地

点

状

语

从

句 where

wherever Where there is a will, there is a way.

有志者，事竟成。

Where there is water there is life.

哪里有水，哪里就有生命。

You are free to go wherever you like.

你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。

Wherever you go, you must obey the law.

无论你去哪都要遵守法律。 where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。

原

因

状 because I came back late yesterday because I was on duty.

昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。 because用来回答why 的问题，语气最强一般放在主句之后

语

从

句 since Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.

既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。 since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首

种类 从属连句 例 句 说 明

原

因 as As he didn’t know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary .

由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这个单词。 从句常放在句首，说明原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。

状

语

从

句 now that, seeing that Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.

鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。

Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.

鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。 seeing (that), now that 和since, as 意义相似，他们都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that可以省去。

目

的

状

语

从

句 that

so that

in order that

lest = for fear that I shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget.

我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。

We’ll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.

我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。

They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time .

他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完成工作。

Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold.

多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。 目的状语从句中常用情态动词may (might) can (could) ,should 等放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后，主从句之间不用任何标点符号

结

果

状 so that

so…that We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.

我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了新闻。

He was so excited that he couldn’t say a word.

他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。 so that前有逗号为结果状语从句。

so…that的so后面跟形容词或副词。

语

从

句 such…that He gave such important reasons that he was excused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。

It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it.

It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.

这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。 such…that的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就要用such a /an…that还可以转换用so…that，语气较强

种类 从属连句 例 句 说 明

条

件

状

语

从

句 if

unless

as/so long as

in case

so far as Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.

如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。

We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.

除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。

= We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain.

So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.

只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。

In case I forget, please remind me about it .

万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。

So far as I know, the book will be published next month.

据我所知，那本书下月出版。

unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和if…not同义，unless是书面语，if…not是口语，通常二者可以换用。

条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。

方

式

状

语

从

句 as

as if…

as though Draw a cat as I taught you .

按照我教你的画一只猫。

Do as you are told.

按照人家告诉你做的去做。

She looks as if she is ill.

看上去她好象是生病了。

He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.

他的行动就好象什么也没有发生。

They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.

他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。 此处as译为，按照或正如

as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样。从句中可以用现在时表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气。

让

步

状

语 though

although Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.

虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语 。

We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.

虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。 在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但是”（but）但可以与yet或still连用。though / although意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式多放主句的前面。

从

句 even if

even though I’ll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.

即使明天下雨，我也要去。 even if 和even though的意思为“即使”“纵使”有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。

种类 从属连词 例 句 说 明

让

步

as Child as he is , he knows a lot .

虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。

Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors.

虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。 as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用

though或although引导的从句，语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。

状

语

从

no matter (who, what when, where which, how…) Do it no matter what others say.

不管别人怎么说,尽管干。

No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.

不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。

No matter who takes up the matter for me ,I shall be very grateful.

不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。 no matter……与 who-ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一 样，no matter……引导的从句可是以位于主句前或主句后。

句 wh－ever (whatever whoever whenever whichever however) Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.

无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。

Whoever comes, he will be welcome.

无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。 wh－ever从句中的动词有时可以和may连用。判断wh－ever引导的是状语从句还是名词性从句的一点是，名词性从句，主句中一定有一个成分要在从句担任，一般从句与主句之间没有逗号。

不可将no matter与wh-ever连用

比

较

状

语 as…as

not so/as

…as

the same

…as

such…as Mary is as old as my sister.

玛利和我姐姐一样大。

He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).

他不如杰克跑得那样快。

His book is the same as mine.

他的书和我的一样。

Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .

享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。 连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定句用as…as否定句可用not as…as 或not so…as

从

句 than She has made greater progress this year than she did last year.

她今年比去年进步更大。

He bought fewer books than I (did).

他买的书比我买的少。 表示不同程度之比较，主句中用比较级的形容词或副词。

种类 从属连句 例 句 说 明

比

较

状

语

从

句 the more

…the more The more you read, the better you understand.

你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。

The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.

你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。

The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.

你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。

The sooner, the better.

越快越好。

The warmer, the better.

越暖和越好。 the more…the more 意思为越…越…，通常的语序为从句在前主句在后，这两个the都是表示程度的副词，用在比较级的形容词或副词前面。

句子意思明显，句子的主语和动词都可省略。

特

殊

形

式

的

状

语

从

句 that We are sure (that )the four modernization will be realized in China .

我们相信四化一定会在中国实现。

I’m sorry (that) I didn’t have time to write you sooner.

很抱歉，我没有抽出时间早点给你写信。

I am afraid that I can’t go with you.

恐怕我不能同你一起去了。 that 引导的从句，往往跟在一个做表语的形容词后面，从句概念上看是宾语，所以有的语法家把它看做是宾语从句，但结构上看，也可以把它看作是一个特殊的状语从句，用来修饰表语的形容词。这种从句的连词常常被省略。

责任编辑：李芳芳

定语从句专项练习

1．The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days.（全国03 .28）

A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which

2. George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. （北京，2004.26）

A. the real name B. what his real name

C. his real name D. whose real name

3. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. （北京2004.34） A. It B. As C. That D. What

4．There was time I hated to go to school .（湖北2004.23）

A．a; that B．a; when C．the; that D．the ; when

5．There are two buildings , stands nearly a hundred feet high .（湖北2004. 25） A．the larger B．the larger of them

C．the larger one that D．the larger of which

6．What surprised me was not what he said but he said it . （湖南2004 29） A．the way B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way which

7. Playing tricks on others is _____ we should never do. (湖南2004 21)

A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing

8. I work in a business _________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.（湖南2004 23） A. how B. which C. where D. that

9. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. （江苏2004 33 ）

A. Which B. When C. What D. As

10．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% are sold abroad .（全国 2004 35）

A．of which B．which of C．of them D．of that

11. The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.（全国2004 23）

A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

12. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.

A. where B. which C. when D. that

13. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently.

A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom

14．-Is that the small town you often refer to?

-Right, just the one you know I used to work for years.（福建 35 ） A．that B．which C．where D．what

15. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. (广东 2005 35)

A. in which B. by which C. which D. that

16．Her sister has become a lawyer, she wanted to be. (湖北2005 29)

A．who B．that C．what D．which

17. The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be________the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (江苏 2005 32 )

A. which; where B. at which; which

C. at which; where D. which; in which

18．The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained. （江西 2005 25 ）

A．in that B．for that C．in which D．for which

19．I walked in our garden, _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （辽宁 2005 28 ） A．which B．when C．where D．that

20．Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom? （辽宁 2005 29 ）

A．that B．what C．as D．which

21. He was educated at a local grammar school, ______ he went on to Cambridge. （山东2005 30 ）

A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this

22. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _______effects the people are still suffering. （天津 2005 13 ）

A. that B. whose C. those D. what

23. Jim passed the driving test, _________ surprised everybody in the office. (浙江2005 2 ) A．which B．that C．this D．it

24. _________ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. (浙江2005 17 )

A．When B．After C．As D．Since

25. Mark was a student at this university from to , ____ , he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students' Union. ( 重庆 2005 32 )

A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time

26．I have many friends , some are businessmen . （全国02 2005 24 ）

A．of them B．from which C．who of D．of whom

用定语从句翻译下列句子。

1） 这就是我最喜欢的那本杂志。

2） 这是我曾经住过的村庄。

3） 正在唱歌的女孩是我的同学。

4） 全心全意为人民的人应当受到尊重。

5） 应当做的事情都已经做了。

6） 他失败的原因是他粗心大意。

7） 他用来写字的钢笔丢了。

8） 你去过毛泽东出生的那间小屋吗？

9） 今天下午我们要去看你们参观过的照片展。

10） 老师把老外介绍给我，他就是著名的教授。

三 句型比较

1．①The man she married last year was a soldier.

A whom B to whom C with whom D．whose

②The man she was married was a soldier．

A whom B to whom C with whom D who

2．①The reason she gave up teaching was her serious illness．

A for that B for which C which D．why

②The reason he was dismissed is not difficult to explain.

A that B for which C which D for that

3．①The day she spent with us was never to be forgotten.

A．/ B．on which C when D．in which

②The day she played with us was never to be forgotten.

A. that B. when C. which D. /

4. ① Is this the factory you visited last week?

A where B which C. to which D. in which

② Is this factory you visited last week?

A. that B which C in which D. the one

5. ① The house window faces south is for the doctor.

A. which B. that C. whose D. of which

② The house faces south is for the doctor.

A. which B. whose C. who D. where

6. ① She brought forward a plan we couldn’t agree.

A. that B. which C / D. to which

② She brought forward a plan we couldn’t accept.

A. / B. for which C. to which D .of which

7. ① The invention she spent 2 years will do well to the world.

A.which B. / C. on which D. when

②The invention took her 2 years will do well to the world.

A. which B. / C. on which D. it

8. ① The English subject, I do well , is important in middle schools.

A which B that C in which D. at which

②The English subject , I have mastered well , is important in middle school.

A / B at which C that D in which

9. ①Tom, I went to the concert , is a friend of mine.

A whom B who C with which D whose

②Tom， bicycle 1 went to the concert，is a friend of mine．

A whom B who C whose D on whose

10．①The place you visited during your holidays is where I used to be for years

A where B which C in which D．to which

②The place you stayed for 3 years is where an ancient city used to be.

A where B which C that D to which

11．①She will fly to Washington， is the capital of the U．S．

A that B where C which D in which

②She will fly to Washington， she can enjoy herself．

A where B that C which D ／

12．①The story happened on a day the weather was wet and cold．

A when B which C in which D on when

②The story happened on a day was wet and cold．

A then B on which C which D ／

13．①The sun heats the earth， we all know．

A that B which C as D where

②The sun heats the earth， makes it possible to grow crops．

A which B that C as D where

14．①Tom， we had expected，got the 1st place in the competition(比赛)．

A as B which C whom D who

②Tom， we had expected to help us，didn’t even show his face .

A as B whom C that D which

单项选择题：

1. I, ___your good friend, will try my best to help you out.

A.who is B.who am C.that is D.which am

2. The old man has two sons, ___are lawyers.

A.both of them B.both of who C.both of whom D.both of they

3. He is a man of great knowledge, ___much can be learned.

A.in whom B.about whom C.from whom D.of whom

4. I can tell you ___he told me last week.

A.all which B.all what C.that all D.all that

5. Is oxygen the only gas ___helps fire burn?

A.that B./ C.which D.what

6. Air, ___we breathe every day, is around us all the time.

A.that B./ C.which D.it

7. This is the museum ____we saw an exhibition the other day.

A.that B.which C.where D.in that

8. This museum is ___you visited the other day.

A.that B.which C.where D.the one

9. This is the museum ___you saw the other day.

A.that B.where C.in which D.in that

10. It is the third time ___late this month.

A.that you arrived B.when you arrived

C.that you’ve arrived D.when you’ve arrived

11. It was in 1969___the American astronaut succeeded in landing

on the moon.

A.that B.which C.in which D.when

12..We often think of the days ___we spent together on the island.

A.when B.which C.in which D.during which

13. Have you ever been to Shanghai, ____I left ten years ago?

A.where B.which C.that D.when

14. He has left Beijing, ___a meeting is to be held.

A.when B.where C.as D.which

15. This is the very place ___I’m wishing to live in.

A.where B.which C.that D.in which

16.I have bought the same dress ____she is wearing.

A.as B.that C.which Dthan

17.Can you solve such problems ___raised by the audience?

A.what were B.as were C.that were D.which were

18.The reason ___he didn’t come was ____he was injured.

A.that,because B.why,that C.why, because D.that, that

19.He must be from Africa, ____can be seen from his skin.

A.that B.as C.it D.what

20.His father died last year, ____made it impossible for him to go abroad.

A.when B.which C.as D.that

21.___is natural,he married Mary.

A.It B.What C.Which D.As

22.The buses, ____were already full,were surrounded by an angry crowd.

A.most of them B.most of which C.which most D.that most

23.All___is needed is a supply of oil.

A.the thing B.that C.what D.which

24.He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows,most of ___had not been cleaned for years.

A.these B.those C.that D.which

25.In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______she could turn for help.

A.that B.who C. from whom D.to whom

26. This is one of the means ____the electic energy is conducted from one place to another.

A.by which B.by that C.through which D.through that

27. The place ___you are going to visit is the ruin of a place.

A.in which B.at which C.where D.which

28. The factory ___I am going to is the place ___my mother used to

work many years ago.

A.where,where B.where, which C.which,where D.that,which

29. Don’t do such things ___you are not sure about.

A.that B.which C.as D.what

30. Rober is good at language, ____we all know.

A.because B.for C.as D.since

二．改错

1．Is this the book your father bought it for you?

2．Who is the comrade you talked with him?

3．Have you been to the place where she works there ?

4．They are talking about the people and the things which they saw on their way home．

5．This is the very thing which I can tell you．

6．Is this all what you Wahl to say?

7．Shanghai is the biggest cit y，that has a population of more than ten million．

8．Which is the clock which is made in China?

9．Who is the man who is speaking to your mother?

10．I shall never forget the days when I spent with you

11．He has written a book．the name of it I have forgotten．

12．Father came back on April 4th when was my birthday．

1 3．Is this factory which you set up yourselves?

1 4．Is this the city where you visited last year?

15．This is the necklace for which she is looking．

1 6．Do you still remember the day which you joined the Party?

1 7．This is the boy his handwriting is the best in our class

18．It was the meeting which importance I didn’t know．

1 9．My father，that has been away recently, wants to see you．

20．He has three sons，two of them are music lovers．

21．As you know it，he has left for America．

22．Miss Li，who you met，is our English teacher．

23．The computer center，that was opened last year，is very large．

24．My pen which writes smoothly was given to me by my sister．

25．Those who wants to see the film put up your hands．

26．Those have seen the film think highlv of it．

27．That is the way which they work．

28. I have made the same mistakes like you have．

29．Here is,so big a stone as no one can move it．

30．The news which a war broke out in the Middle East surprised us.

一 1-5 ADBBD 6-10 ABCDA 11-15 CADCA 16-20 DCDCB 21-26 CBACAD

二 1. This is the magazine I like best.

2. This is the village where I used to live.

3. The girl who is singing is one of my classmates.

4. Those who serve the people heart and soul should be respected.

5. Everything that should be done has been done.

6. The reason why he failed is his carelessness.

7. The pen with which he writes is lost.

8. Have you ever been to the small house in which Chairman Mao once lived.

9. This afternoon we’ll go to see the photo show that you have visited.

10. The teacher introduced me the foreign guest, who is a famous professor.

三句型比较1

1-5 AB BD,B AB BD CA 6-10DA CA CA CD BA

11-14 CA A C CA AB

四 答案：1－5 BCCDA 6-10CCDAC 11-15ABBBC 16-20ABBBB

21-25 DBBDD 26-30ADCCC

五.改错答案与分析：

1．去掉it。因为被省去的关系代词是从句中谓

语动词的宾语。

2．去掉him。

3．去掉there，因为关系副词是从句中的状语。

4．改which为that。

5．改which为that，先行词被only，very，a11，

much，little，few，nobody，no one，anybody，some-

body，everything，nothing，anything以及形容词最高

级、序数词所修饰时，关系代词用th。t。

6．改what为that。

7．改that为which，在非限制性定语从句中，修

饰物用which。

8．改第二个which为that，以免重复。

9．改后面的who为that，以免重复。

10．改when为which或that，用作spent的宾语。

11．改the name of it为the name of which。

12．改when为which，作从句的主语。

13．改which为the one。

14．改where为which或that，作visit的宾语。

15．100k for是短语动词，不能拆开使用。

第一部分语法知识

16．改which为when。

17．改his为whose。

18．改which为whose。

19．改tllat为who，非限制性定语从句，表示人的

主格时用who。

20．改two of them为two of whom

21．去掉it，因为as在此句中是关系代词，作

know的宾语。

22．改who为whom，非限制性定语从句。表示

人的宾格。

23．改that为which。

24．改My为The，限制性定语从句的先行词不

用物主代词和指示代词修饰。

25．改wants为want。

26．Those后面加who。

27．改which为that或in which．也可省去

which。

28．改like为as，定语从句中主句中有the same．

such。as，so时，关联词用as。

29．改as为that，that是从属连词引导状语从

句；或去掉句中的it。

30．改which为that，这是同位语从句，不是定语

责任编辑：李芳芳

定语从句的用法

(一) 定语从句的作用

作用 在句子中作定语,修饰句子中的某一名词或代词,从句须放在先行词之后。

关联词 关联词用于引导一个定语从句,代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分。

(二) 关系代词的作用

作用 例 句

1.作主语 1. The student who is talking with the monitor is Lucy.（指人作主语）

2. A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.（指物作主语）

2.作表语 3.She is no longer the girl that she used to be.（指人作表语）

3.作宾语 4The student whom (who)you want to see has come already.（指人作宾语）

5.The letter which I received yesterday was from a friend of mine.（指物作宾语）

4.作定语 6.The girl whose mother is a teacher studies very hard.（指人作定语）

(三) 须用that引导的定语从句

情 况 例 句

nothing,everything,anything,much, all,little等不定代词作先行词时，常用that引导从句.something两者均可。 Is there anything that I can do for you?

2.指物的先行词前被序数词修饰时。 The first thing that we should do is to help him.

3.指物的先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best foreign film that I have ever seen.

4.指物的先行词前被the very, the only, the same修饰时。 That’s the very tool that we are looking for.

5.先行词既指人又指物时。 They talked about the things and friends that they could remember.

6.主句是由Who/Which引导的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the man that is standing over there?

Which is the tool that you are looking for?

(四).不可由that引导的定语从句

1.在非限制性定语从句中。 Mr Smith ,who lives in Chicago, is a doctor .

2.关系代词在从句中作前置介词的宾语时。 This is the room in which Mr Liu once lived .

3.由that作先行词时。 The bread which is made by my mother is better than that which is sold in food shops.

4.someone.somebody,nobody,anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody等指物的不定代词作先行词时。 Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.

（五）.非限制性定语从句的特点：1.不能用that引导定语从句。2.关系代词不能省略。

（六）关系副词的用法：关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当状语。

1． When指代表示时间的先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当时间状语。例如：

October 1，1949 was the day when（=on which） the People’s Republic of China was founded.

2． Where指代先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当地点状语。例如：

We will visit the house where(=in which)Lu Xun was born.

3. why代替先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当原因状语.例如:

Who can tell me the reason why(=for which) Tom was absent today?

配套定语从句专练：

1.The man_____talked to you just now is an engineer of the computer company.

A.who B.which C.where D.when

2.I still remember the days_____we studied together in the school.

A.that B.which C.where D.when

3.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small village____he grew up.

A.which B.where C.that D.when

4.Can you tell me the name of the factory____you visited last week?

A.what B.where C./ D.when

5.Is this the house _____Shakespare was born?

A.at which B.which C. at where D. in which

6.In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person____she could turn for help.

A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom

7.All_____is needed is a supply of oil.

A .the thing B. that C. what D. which

8.Corn was not the only food_____was taken to Europe.

A. which B. who C. / D. that

9.Look at the man and his horse____are walking up the street.

A. which B. who C. what D. that

10.She is no longer the student ____she used to be.

A. who B. whom C. which D. that

11.I don’t like_____you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

12.He paid the boy 10 yuan for washing ten windows,most of____hadn’t been cleaned

A .there B. those C. that D. which

13.Mr Green has two daughters,both of____are doctors.

A. them B. whom C. who D. that

14.Whose is this book the cover_____is blue?

A. whose B. its C. which D. of which

15.I like to live in the house _____windows face south

A. which B. of which C. whose D. where

16.His parents would’t let him marry anyone____family was poor.

A/ of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose

17.In Sydeny, the Chinese team got 28gold medal,______were won by women.

A.18 of which B.18 of that C.which of 18 D.18 in which

18.Abraham Lincoln, ____ was born in Kenturkey ,studied law in his spare time and later became President of the USA.

A.what B.who C.whom D.which

19.Those _______ have any questions please put up your hands.

A.which B.that C.whom D.who

20．Anyone______ breaks the law will be punished.

A. whoever B.whom C. who D.no matter who

Keys:1-5:ADBCD 6-10:DBDDD 11-15:ADBDC 16-20:DABDC

责任编辑：李芳芳

定语从句表解

一、限定性定语从句：

种类 先行词 关联词 例 句 说 明

定

语

从

句 (人）

在从句中做主语或宾语 关

系

代

词

who

This is the doctor who saved the

boy’s life.

这就是救了孩子生命的医生。

She is the new student whom I want

to introduce to you.

她就是我要介绍给你的新学生.

who在从句中做主语whom在从句中做宾语,口语中who可以代替whom，也可以被省去,但做介词宾语时只能

用whom

(物）

在从句中做主语或宾语 which

Please pass me the book which is

lying on the table.

请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。

The novel which Tom bought is

very interesting.

汤姆买的小说很有意思。

Can you lend me the magazine about which you talked yesterday?

你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗？

which在从句中做主语

which充当宾语时可以

省去。

which做介词宾语

不可省

人

或

物 关

系

代

词 whose

The professor whose daughter teaches you English is Dr. Williams

那位教授是威廉斯他的女儿教你英语。

The bike whose brake was damaged has now been repaired.

那辆坏了闸的自行车现在已经修好了。

=The bike the brake of which was damaged has now been repaired

whose在从句中做定语

指物时也可以用

…of which

代替 whose

that

The woman that is playing the piano is Miss Zhang.

正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。

I’d like to see the films that are just on show.

我想看那些刚上映的电影。

They talked for about an hour of things and persons that they remember in the school.

他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事，谈了大约有半个小时。

that指人做主语

that指物做主语

先行词分别表示人和物,引导词要用that，不用

who或whom

种类 先行词 关联词 例 句 说 明

定

语

从

句 all, little much,和some,

any ,

every,

no构成的合成代词 关

系

代

词 that I’ll tell you all (that ) I know about it .

我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。

Is there anything (that) I can do for you?

有什么我可以帮助做的事吗？

I’ve brought everything (that )you need.

我把你需要的东西都拿来了。 先行词表示物，关系代词在从句中做宾语可省去 。如果先行词是人时，引导定语从句关系代词不受制约，用that或who (whom) 均可

人

或

物 This is the best film that I have seen .

这是我看过的最好的一部电影。

The first place that we’ll visit is Beijing Library. 我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆

This is the best student that I have taught . 这位就是我所教过的最好的学生 先行词被形容词最高级序数词修饰时定语从句用that引导。

He is the only person that is believable.

他是唯一可靠的人。

John is the very person that she wants to see. 约翰正是她要见的人。 先行词被

the only, the very 等修饰时用关系代词that.

Who is the man that is talking with Tom ?

正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁？

Which of the books that you bought is easy to read?

你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。

当主句以who、which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句要用that

注：先行词是time, minute, moment, next time等引导定语从句很少用when,可用that 通常省去。

种类 先行词 关联词 例 句 说 明

定

语

从

句

时

间 关

系

副

词 when He came at a time when we needed him most.

他在我们最需要的时候来了。

We’ll never forget the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.

我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。 在定语从句中

作时间状语

地 点 where This is the room where he put up for the night.

这就是他渡过液晚的那房子。 在定语从句中作地点状语

原 因

理 由 why I know the reason why she studies so well .

我知道她学习好的原因。 在定语从句中作原因状语

2.非限制性定语从句

种类 先行词 关 联 词 例 句 说 明

非

限

定

性

定

语

从

句

人

或

物 关

系

代

词 who

whom

which George, who is my classmate, has won a scholarship.

乔治获得了奖学金，他是我的同学。

Dr. Li, whom I know very well, will come here tomorrow.

李大夫明天将来这儿，我跟他很熟悉。

I gave him a New Year card, which he enjoyed very much.

我给他一张贺年卡，他很喜欢它。 who, whom, which

不能省去, 也不能

用that代替

没有固

定的先

行词而

是一个

句子 which

as He studies hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life.

他年轻时在校学习努力，这导致了他后来生活中的成功。

He gets up early, as is always his habit.

他总是早起床，这是他的习惯。

John was admitted into the college, as we had expected.

约翰被大学录取了，这是我们期待的。

The earth, as is known to all, is round.

人人皆知，地球是圆的。

This is the same book as I lost yesterday.

这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书一样。 which作主语指它前面的整个句子，不可用that代替，强调结果。

as指全句，在从句中做主语。

as指全句意思，在从句中做宾语。

as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，句中或句末。

用于the same… as, such… as ,as…as等结构中。

3．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句

从句与先行词的

关 系 从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去,主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。 从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整

标 点 从句和主句之间不用逗号分开 从句和主句之间常用逗号分开

关

系

代

词 指人who (that) whom

指物which (that)

人和物whose(作定语)

关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去 指人who(作主语）

whom(做宾语）

指物which

人和物whose(作定语)

关系代词一般不可省

修 饰 从句只修饰一个名词或代词 可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句

翻 译 定语从句译在被修饰词的前面 定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子

4.用于形容词性(定语)从句的关系词

分类 词 形 先行词 作从句中的成分

主 宾 表 定 状

关

系

代

词 who 人 √ √ √

whom 人 √

which 物 √ √ √

that 人/物 √ √ √

as 人/物 √ √ √

whose = of whom / of which 人/物 √

关

系

副

词 when = prep. + which 时间词 √

where = prep. + which 地点词 √

why = for which reason √

how 方式词 √

责任编辑：李芳芳

语法复习四：定语从句

（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导

1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词：when, where, why

关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用， 同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）

The comrade with whom I came knows French.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）

3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。

（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）

2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。

e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）

（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1）用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2）用which而不用 that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句；②代表整个主句的意思；③介词 + 关系代词。

e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3）as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。

e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

3）as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.

He made a long speech, which was unexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。

e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.

2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.

4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。

e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.

5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.

6. 介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介词在句尾，关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who，且可省略。

e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.

练习、定语从句

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：

1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.

2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.

3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

4. The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.

5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.

6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.

7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.

9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.

10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.

11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.

12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.

13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.

14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.

15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.

16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.

17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.

18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.

19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.

20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.

二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.

2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.

3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.

5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.

6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.

三、选择填空：

1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.

A. who B. which C. whom D. when

2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.

A. which B. that C. whom D. as

6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.

A. whom B. which C. who D. when

7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?

A. who B. / C. that D. when

9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.

A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who

10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.

A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which

11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.

A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking

C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking

12. The man ____ around our school is from America.

A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed

13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.

A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who

14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.

A. where B. who C. in which D. which

15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?

A. that B. whom C. when D. whose

16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.

A. that B. which C. whatever D. all

17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those

18. This is the very letter ____came last night.

A. who B. which C. that D. as

19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.

A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one

20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.

A. where B. / C. when D. what

21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.

A. where B. that C. which D. on which

22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.

A. which B. in which C. that D. /

23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.

A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which

24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?

A. that B. which C. its D. whose

25. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.

A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom

26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. which C. that D. where

27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. where C. in which D. /

28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.

A. it B. which C. that D. he

30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.

A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were

31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.

A. which B. whose C. where D. in that

32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.

A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it

33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.

A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which

34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.

A. when B. that C. at which D. where

36. I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.

A. that B. what C. which D. when

37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.

A. which B. as C. that D. it

38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.

A. What B. As C. That D. Which

39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.

A. whose B. that C. whom D. who

40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.

A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which

41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?

A. why B. which C. for that D. of which

42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.

A. which B. what C. it D. that

43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.

A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed

44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.

A. It B. Which C. As D. That

45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.

A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what

46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

48. He is absent ____ is often the case.

A. what B. which C. who D. as

49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.

A. that B. which C. what D. when

50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.

A. who B. that C. whom D. which

51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.

A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who

52. This is the only book ____ I can find.

A. that B. which C. it D. with which

53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.

A. something could do B. anything we could do

C. nothing we couldn’t do D. nothing we could do

参考答案

语法复习四：定语从句

一、1. The fan that you want is on the desk. 2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. The train which was going to Nanning was late. 9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. He used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.

二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which

三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB 21~25 ABBDC

26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC 41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB

责任编辑：李芳芳

定语从句、名词性从句

高考题汇编

1. The weather turned out to be very good, _____________ was more than we could expect.

A. what B. which C. that D. it

2. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _____________ came as a surprise.

A. it B. that C. which D. he

3. The result of the experiment was very good, ____________ we hadn’t expected.

A. when B. that C. which D. what

4. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _____, of course, made the others envy him.

A. who B. that C. what D. which

5. He was very rude to the Customs officer, ____ of course made things even worse.

A. who B. whom C. what D. which

6. Anyway, that evening, _______ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.

A. when B. where C. what D. which

7. He made another wonderful discovery, _____________ of great importance to science.

A. which I think is B. which I think it is

C. which I think it D. I think which is

8. New York, ____ last year, is a nice old city.

A. that I visited B. which I visited

C. where I visited D. in which I visited

9. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _____________, of course, made the others unhappy.

A. who B. which C. this D. what

10. Carol said the work would be done by October, ____ personally I doubt very much.

A. it B. that C. when D. which

11. Jim passed the driving test, ____ surprised everybody in the office.

A. which B. that C. this D. it

12. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.

A. who B. that C. as D. which

13. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ____________ was true.

A. he B. this C. which D. who

14. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ____________ the sailing time was 226 days.

A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which

15. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., _____________ many people have gone home.

A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which time

16. Mark was a student at this university from to , __________ , he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students' Union.

A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose D. by that time

17. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.

A. it B. that C. this D. which

18. He was educated at a local grammar school, _________ he went on to Cambridge.

A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this

19. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop ____ to produce the workings of his own hands.

A. that B. in which C. by which D. how

20. I was given three books on cooking, the first _____ I really enjoyed.

A. of that B. of which C. that D. which

21. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ________ are sold abroad .

A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that

22. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.

A. these B. those C. that D. which

23. The English play _____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.

A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

24. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger.

A. in which B. by which C. which D. that

25. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained.

A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which

26.I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ____ she had come.

A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which

27. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____________ was very reasonable.

A. which price B. the price of which

C. its price D. the price of whose

28. Her sister has become a lawyer, she wanted to be.

A. who B. that C. what D. which

29. I don’t like _____________ you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way in that

C. the way which D. the way of which

30. What surprised me was not what he said but ____________ he said it.

A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which

31. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _____________ he grew up as a child.

A. which B. where C. that D. when

32. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____________ in the forest.

A. once they grew B. they grew once

C. that once grew D. once grew

33. I work in a business ______________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

A. how B. which C. where D. that

34. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.

A. where B. which C. when D. that

35. A fast food restaurant is the place __________, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.

A. which B. where C. there D. what

36. -Is that the small town you often refer to?

-Right, just the one you know I used to work for years.

A. that B. which C. where D. what

37. If a shop has chairs____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.

A. that B. which C. when D. where

38. We are just trying to reach a point __ both sides will sit down together and talk.

A. where B. that C. when D. which

39. I can think of many cases ____ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.

A. why B. which C. as D. where

40. We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.

A. where B. that C. when D. which

41. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.

A. where B. which C. while D. why

42. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums and some other places, ____ other visitors seldom go.

A. what B. which C. where D. when

43. Carol said the work would be done by October, ____________ personally I doubt very much.

A. it B. that C. when D. which

44. Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago?

A. where B. when C. that D. what

45. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.

A. that B. while C. which D. when

46. We are living in an age ____ many things are done on computer.

A. which B. that C. whose D. when

47. The famous basketball star, _____________ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.

A. where B. when C. which D. who

48. The gentleman _____________ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.

A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom

49. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently.

A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom

50. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _____we gave some bells and glasses.

A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which

51. I have many friends, ________ some are businessmen.

A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom

52. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ____ Chinese in school, most ____ were from Germany.

A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom

53. - Why does she always ask you for help?

- There is no one else ______, is there?

A. who to turn to B. she can turn to

C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn

54. Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ___ don’t.

A. who; / B. /; who C. who; who D. /; /

55. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house _______ roof is under repair.

A. whoseB. which C. of which D. that

56. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ____ leading actor is world-famous/

A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which

57. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ________ effects people are still suffering.

A. that B. whose C. those D. what

58. George Orwell, ____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.

A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name

59. He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years.

A. is B. are C. have been D. has been

60. These houses are sold at such a low price _____________ people expected.

A. like B. as C. that D. which

61. ____________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

62. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

63. ____ is one belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.

A. As B. That C. This D. It

64. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A. Which B. When C. What D. As

65. ____________ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.

A. When B. After C. As D. Since

66. The Beatles, __ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.

A. what B. that C. how D. as

67. ---- Do you remember ____ he came?

---- Yes, I do. He came by car.

A. how B. when C. that D. if

68. I remember ____ this used to be a quiet village.

A. when B. how C. where D. what

69. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____.

A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is

70. I know nothing about the young lady, ____ she is from Beijing.

A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides

71. The suit fitted him well ____ the color was a little brighter.

A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides

72. Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.

A. that B. how C. such D. so

73. The old lady’s hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun half a year before, and _____, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.

A. when; how B. how; when C. how; how D. why; why

74. These wild flowers are so special I would do _____ I can to save them.

A. whatever B. thatC. which D. whichever

75. The poor young man is ready to accept ____ help he can get.

A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whenever

76. Eat ____ cake you like and leave the others for ____ comes in late.

A. any; who B. every; whoever C. whichever; whoever D. either; whoever

77. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____ shares her interests.

A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who

78. A computer can only do_________ you have instructed it to do.

A. how B. after C. what D. when

79. -I think it’s going to be a big problem.

-Yes, it could be.

-I wonder we can do about it.

A. if B. how C. what D. that

80. I think Father would like to know ____ I've been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.

A. which B. why C. what D. how

81. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

82. We haven’t settled the question of ____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.

A. if B. where C. whether D. that

83. It is a matter of ____ would take the position.

A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

84. --- Could you do me a favor?

--- It depends on ____ it is.

A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever

85. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly ____ he wants.

A. what B. which C. when D. that

86. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.

A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

87. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ______ he thought was not enough.

A. where B. how C. what D. which

88. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

89. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made.

A. what B. that C. how D. which

90. The way he did it was different we were used to.

A．in which B．in what C．from what D．from which

91. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand______ they insist on going by motor-bike.

A. why B. whether C. when D. how

92. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _____it is rough or smooth.

A. / B. whether C. how D. what

93. Please remind me ____ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.

A. where B. when C. how D. what

94. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action.

A. which B. that C. what D. whether

95. We can’t figure out ____ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.

A. that B. as C. why D. when

96. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when ____ and see him.

A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come

97. Mum is coming. What present ____ for your birthday?

A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got

C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got

98. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ____ silly mistakes I had made.

A. what B. that C. how D. which

99. ---- What did your parents think about your decision?

---- They always let me do ____ I think I should.

A. when B. that C. how D. what

100. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before.

A. that B. how C. where D. what

101. It is pretty well understood ____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in the out the atmosphere today.

A. that B. when C. what D. how

102. ____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.

A. what is required B. what requires C. It is required D. It requires

103. ____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There B. This C. That D. It

104. ____ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.

A. what B. who C. whatever D. whoever

105. ____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.

A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what

106. ____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.

A. What B. That C. How D. Where

107. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _______ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.

A. where B. what C. that D. how

108. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _______ it was?

A．where B．what C．how D．which

109. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter _____ I’m talking to.

A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom

110. ____ team wins on Saturday will do through to the national championships.

A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever

111. ____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

112. A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.

A. ifB. whenC. thatD. which

113. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

A. when B. where C. what D. that

114. Along with the letter was his promise _______ he would visit me this coming Christmas.

A. which B. that C. what D. whether

115. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt __ a cure for AIDS will be found.

A. which B. that C. what D. whether

116. Danby left word with my secretary ______he would call again in the afternoon.

A．who B．that C．as D．which

117. Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom?

A．that B．what C．as D．which

118. --- It’s thirty years since we last met.

--- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ___ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which B. that C. what D. when

119. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class ____ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.

A. why B. thatC. where D. because

120. There’s a feeling in me ____ we’ll never know what a UFO is – not ever.

A. that B. which C. of which D. what

121. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____ road conditions need ____.

A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved

C. where; improving D. when; improving

122. There is much chance ____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.

A. that B. which C. until D. if

123. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree.

A. why B. where C. what D. how

124. See the flags on the top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.

A. when B. which C. where D. what

125. Perseverance is a kind of quality ---- and that’s ____ it takes to do anything well.

A. what B. that C. which D. why

126. ---- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

---- Oh, that’s ____

A. what makes me fell excited B. whatever I feel excited about

C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited

127. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

---- Is that ____ you had a few days off?

A. why B. when C. what D. where

128. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. ____ I got wet through.

A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how

129. Is this the reason ______________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

A. he explained B. what he explained

C. how he explained D. why he explained

130. I can think of many cases _____________ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.

A. why B. which C. as D. where

131. The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ________the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.

A. which; where B. at which; which

C. at which; where D. which; in which

132. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, _____ it was so poorly equipped.

A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that

133. It was not until she got home _____ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.

A. when B. that C. where D. before

134. I just wonder _____ that makes him so excited.

A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is

135. If you are traveling ______ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.

A. in which B. what C. when D. where

136. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _____ there is human suffering.

A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever

137. --- Do you have anything to say for yourselves?

--- Yes, there’s one point _____ we must insist on.

A. why B. whereC. how D. /

138. ---- Don’t you think it necessary that he ____ to Miami but to New York?

---- I agree, but the problem is ____ he has refused to.

A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that

C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what

定语从句、名词性从句

强化训练

1. Is there a bar around _____I can have something to eat?

A. that B. what C. which D. where

2. I’ll talk about a newly-opened market ______ you may get all _______ you need.

A. in which; which B. where; that

C. where; what D. which; that

3. We travelled together as far as Chicago, _____ we said goodbye to each other.

A. which B. when C. why D. where

4. With the development of agriculture, the people _______ village I taught before have lived a happy life.

A. who B. whose C. in whose D. in which

5. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place _____ you may spend your weekend.

A. which B. that C. when D. where

6. China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.

A. from that B. from where C. from there D. from here

7. Earth is a rocky planet ______ liquid water, which is necessary for life, can exist.

A. which B. as C. where D. when

8. He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.

A. where B. on which C. under which D. which

9. Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.

A. which B. where C. that D. about which

10. EBay, Amazon and Wal-Mart are popular websites ______ people can sell goods to each other.

A. where B. which C. when D. whose

11. We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents and some relatives.

A. which B. that C. who D. where

12. We should get more teachers into the schools ____ they are most needed, namely, in the western areas of our country.

A. which B. where C. when D. while

13. In experiments ____ young teens are allowed to sleep as long as they want, they tend to sleep an average of 9 hours.

A. that B. what C. which D. where

14. The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight, _____ he had been dreaming of for years.

A. that; which B. where ; that C. in which ; what D. where; which

15. Can you think of some cases ______ drivers obviously knew the traffic rules but didn’t obey them?

A. why B. where C. as D. which

16. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point______ he can walk correctly and safely.

A. when B. which C. where D. whose

17. The oral interpretation, according to Ella Leung, a judge in the competition, is designed to test the degree ____ an interpreter has been “exposed” to English.

A. to that B. with which C. with whom D. to which

18. Mr. White will come to the party on Sunday, ____ he promise to every one of us.

A. when B. that C. what D. which

19. The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.

A. the roof of which B. which roof C. its roof D. the roof

20. Edison made a lot of inventions, ____ of great importance.

A. which I think are B. which I think they are

C. which I think they D. I think which are

21. It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.

A. which I think was B. which I think it was

C. I think which was D. I think which it was

22. The human are destroying nature day by day, ______ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.

A. who B. when C. on which D. which

23. This is the largest clock in the world, ____ the minute hand is six metres long.

A. that B. of which C. which D. whose

24. My glasses, _____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.

A. which B. with which C. without which D. that

25. The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.

A. most of that B. which most C. most of which D. that most

26. There are two rooms on the first floor, ______ is used as a guest room.

A. a smaller of which B. a smaller of them

C. the smaller of which D. the small of them

27. His factory produces half a million MP4 every year, 80% ____ are sold abroad.

A. of which B. of whose C. of them D. of that

28. You may call on me from one to five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.

A. the time B. what time C. that time D. which time

29. The fence in our garden, _____ my father built many years ago, has lasted for a long time.

A. that B. which C. what D. where

30. His sister had become a teacher, ______ was what he wanted to be.

A. who B. what C. that D. which

31. The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.

A. when B. during that C. in which D. which

32. There are moments in life ______ you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them up from dreams and hug them for real.

A. where B. how C. why D. when

33. I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.

A. of which B. for which C. to that D. to which

34. Mr. Crossett will never forget the day _____ he spent with his various students.

A. when B. which C. during which D. on which

35. ---- Did you remember the days ____ we worked on the farm?

---- Certainly. Especially the hard times ____ we spent together.

A. which; when B. when; which C. when; when D. which; which

36. A basketball weighs more after air is put in, ____ proves that air has weight.

A. as B. it C. that D. which

37. A war is so cruel that it always causes great losses, ______ has happened in Iraq and other countries.

A. what B. as C. which D. one

38. _____ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.

A. Which B. As C. That D. It

39. It’s known to us ______ there is pollution, there is harm.

A. that B. where C. what D. that where

40. He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.

A. that B. as C. it D. what

41. _____, the compass was first made in China.

A. It is know to all B. It is known that

C. We all know D. As is known to all

42. ____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. it B. As C. That D. What

43. I have bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.

A. as B. that C. which D. than

44. If Ken comes late, ____ is usual for another time, we’ll not receive him any more.

A. which B. that C. it D. as

45. “I’d like to give my thanks to those ____ help my son will be able to survive his terrible disease,” said the woman on TV.

A. who B. that C. with whose D. with their

46. She is one of the few girls who _____ passed the examination.

A. was B. were C. has D. have

47. A football fan is _____ has a strong interest in football.

A. a thing that B. something that C. a person who D. what

48. I, ____ your friend, will try my best to help you out.

A. which are B. which is C. who is D. who am

49. On my way home in the street I saw a lady ___ I thought was your aunt.

A. who B. whom C. which D. whose

50. A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.

A. who B. who’s C. whose D. which

51. He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.

A. whom B. who C. when D. because

52. I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.

A. who B. that C. which D. whom

53. He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.

A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom

54. The car ran into a crowd of middle school students, ____ to hospital immediately.

A. two of whom sent B. two of them sent

C. two of whom are sent D. two of them sending

55. He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.

A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom

56. The CCTV Tower, _____ base is an electrical equipment shop, is frequently visited by many travelers.

A. which B. whose C. its D. that

57. He is such a lazy man ______ nobody wants to work with ______.

A. as; his B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him

58. The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the seaside.

A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed

59. Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday?

A. that B. where C. in which D. the one

60. Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day?

A. that B. where C. in which D. the one

61. The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.

A. that B. what C. why D. for which

62. Will you please show me the way to the only tall building _______ stands near the post office?

A. / B. in which C. that D. where

63. Both the girl and her dog ____ were crossing the street were hit by a coming car.

A. which B. who C. they D. that

64. Is this just the city ____ the foreign guests wish to pay a visit _____.

A. which, to B. to which, / C. that, to D. to that, /

65. It’s one of the most interesting stories _____ I have _____ read

A. which, never B. that, ever C. that, never D. which, ever

66. I remember that ____ took part in the ball party had a wonderful time.

A. all B. all that C. all which D. all what

67. I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.

A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all

68. He was so angry at all _____ he was doing ____ he walked out.

A. what; what B. that; that C. that; what D. what; what

69. “We’ll make public schools ______ can be”, said the President in the speech.

A. all they B. what it C. that they D. all it

70. All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.

A. that B. those C. which D. what

71. They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.

A. what B. that C. which D. where

72. Which sentence is wrong?

A. The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.

B. Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform?

C. Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.

D. People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.

73. This is just the place _____ I am longing to visit these years.

A. that B. where C. in which D. to where

74. Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?

A. which B. what C. why D. for that

75. I’ve got to make ____ he told a lie.

A. that clear B. it clear that C. quite clear D. this clear that

76. There are many things in different areas ____ we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS.

A. where B. there C. what D. that

77. The reason why she couldn’t come to the meeting was_____ she had not been invited.

A. because B. which C. that D. why

78. America was______ was first called “India” by Columbus.

A. what B. Where C. the place D. there where

79. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just _______ worries the public.

A. what B. that C. which D. where

80. What the doctor really doubts is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

A. when B. how C. whether D. why

81. Go and get your coat. It’s ______ you left it.

A. there B. where C. there where D. where there

82. Water will continue to be_____ it is today---next to oxygen in importance.

A. how B. which C. as D. that

83. Air is to us ______water is to fish.

A. that B. what C. where D. how

84. ---Do you know _____Mr. Black’s address is?

---He may live at No.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street. I’m not sure of ______.

A. what; which B. Where; which C. where; what D. what; where

85. --- I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.

--- Oh, that was probably ____ I was seeing the doctor.

A. when B. why C. what D. that

86. The mountain is no longer ____ it used to be.

A. which B. that C. what D. as

87. The difficulty we now meet with is _____ we can persuade him to tell us the truth.

A. whether B. that C. what D. how

88. ---Have you found Jack?

---Yes, he is _____ you told me to go.

A. where B. which C. what D. when

89. Being a good listener is a kind of quality and that’s ____ it takes to keep friendship.

A. how B. what C. which D. where

90. Have you thought about ____ to give her as a present?

A. what B. who C. which D. where

91. I used to work in a nursery before so I know ____ to expect in this new job.

A. what B. how C. why D. whatever

92. Many of the creatures in Rowling’s world are not real, and much of ______ happens is strange.

A. which B. that C. what D. it

93. Native American from the southeastern part of ______ is now the United States believed that the universe in which they lived was made up of three worlds.

A. that B. which C. where D. what

94. --- How do you like the book?

--- It’s quite different from _____ I read last month.

A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what

95. ---- Can you see the Jinsha Museum from ____ you are standing?

---- Yes, and it’s really well designed.

A. where B. which C. the place D. here

96. You can’t imagine ______when they received these nice Christmas presents.

A. how they were excited B. how excited they were

C. how excited were they D. they were how excited

97. First you must tell me______.

A. what is the size of the room B. how big the size the room is

C. How big the room is D. What size room is it

98. ---Would you like to have a swim with us in the sea?

---I will ask my parents_______.

A. whether they will agree to go B. if they let me go

C. if they will let me go D. whether they allow me to go

99. Remember ______ this used to be a quiet village.

A. when B. how C. where D. what

100. At least the soldiers reached ______ the locals called the Golden Triangle.

A. that B. where C. when D. what

101. He was lucky enough to sell his car for exactly ______.

A. where he had paid for it B. what he had paid for it

C. what he was paid for it D. which he had paid for it

102. ---Do you mind if Jim will come to help?

---I really don’t know ______ a person like him can help me with.

A. what B. that C. how D. if

103. We don’t know ______.

A. this is whose dictionary B. whose dictionary is this

C. whose dictionary this is D. whose is this dictionary

104. Each blind man believed ____ he knew just ____ the elephant looked like.

A. that; what B. what; that C. that; that D. what; what

105. It is said that the famous football star is willing to play for _______ would pay him three million dollars a year.

A. anyone B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever

106. They decided to turn to _____ can help him out of difficulty.

A. whose B. who C. whoever D. those

107. The chief manager has decided to put ______ he thinks is energetic, clever, and has good qualities in the position of the leader ship of the company.

A. those who B. anyone C. whomever D. whoever

108. ---_____ can I do with such a situation?

---Take _____ measure you consider best.

A. How; whichever B. What; whatever C. How; whatever D. What; whichever

109. ---Can I sit in the front row?

---Yes. You can take _____ seat you like.

A. whatever B. what C. whichever D. which

110. It’s the third time _____ late this month.

A. that you arrived B. when you arrived

C. that you’ve arrived D. when you’ve arrived

111. I really hate ____ if all of you refuse to accept his invitation.

A. that B. this C. it D. which

112. He insisted that what he did______ completely right.

A. was B. be C. should be D. had been

113. My father has made me _____ I am.

A. who B. which C. what D. that

114._____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

115.______his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.

A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if

116._____gone is gone. _____ no use talking about it any more.

A. That’s; It’s B. What’s; It’s C. It’s; That’s D. That’s; That’s

117.______ is known to us all is that the earth is smaller than the sun.

A. What B. As C. Which D. It

118. In some countries, ______ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state.

A. that B. which C. as D. what

119. ______ is Britain now used to be three different countries and over many years the three countries became one.

A. It B. Where C. What D. As

120. In some countries, ____ is called ”equality“ does not really mean equal rights for all people.

A. which B. that C. what D. one

121. _____ she said suggested that she hadn’t decided _____ to go or not.

A. What; if B. That; whether C. What; whether D. What; whichever

122.______do you think is the best doctor in the hospital?

A. Whom B. What C. Who D. Whose

123. _______ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known.

A. Whom B. Whoever C. Who D. What

124. ______ would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _____ there are all kinds of difficulties.

A. Who; somewhere B. Whoever; where C. Whatever; anywhere D. Who; there

125._____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever

126. ---Who cooks supper at your home? Your mother?

---Oh! ____ gets home first is to cook supper.

A. Who B. Whom C. Those who D. Whoever

127.______you don’t like him is none of my business.

A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether

128. ________ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.

A. What B. That C. This D. Which

129. _______ she was sick, I was expected to take her place greatly surprised me, for I didn’t have much work experience.

A. That if B. That C. If that D. If

130. ___ the boy didn’t take the medicine made his mother very angry.

A. That B. What C. How D. Which

131. ---I saw your neighbor break your window with a stone.

---___ it made me really mad.

A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break

132. ____ we go swimming every day _____ us a lot of good.

A. If, do B. That, do C. Whether, does D. That , does

133._______ get such a book?

A. Where do you think can I B. Do you think where can I

C. Do you think where I can D. Where do you think I can

134. ____ is not known yet.

A. What time she has gone B. Where she has gone

C. How did she leave D. Why did she go

135. It is doubtful _____ he knows it or not.

A. whether B. what C. when D. that

136. It is said ________ was how the Chinese first raised silk worms.

A. that, what B. that, which C. that who D. that that

137. It is suggested that no one ______ to work in areas hit by SARS.

A. be sent B. is sent C. will be sent D. sends

138. It makes good sense ____ people are growing more crops so that fewer people will die from starvation.

A. that B. what C. whether D. which

139. It is not yet clear _______ of those will be chosen to do the job.

A. that B. whom C. whoever D. which

140. ---- I don’t think ____ was reported in yesterday’s newspaper is true.

---- Neither do I.

A. what B. that C. anything D. everything

141. There is a feeling in her ____ she’ll be chosen to attend the conference on behalf of her company.

A. which B. of which C. what D. that

142. Have you heard the news ____ the Chinese athletes won 165 gold medals at the 15th Asian Games?

A. whether B. what C. which D. that

143. The rumor ____ French president Nicolas Sarkozy and his wife ended their marriage turned out to be true.

A. which B. who C. what D. that

144. I have no doubt ______ he will finish the task in time.

A. whether B. that C. if D. what

145. He made a promise ______ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.

A. that B. if C. what D. that if

146. One of the men held the view ______ the book said was right.

A. that what B. what that C. that D. whether

147. The question came up at the meeting _____ we had not enough money to do the research.

A. whether B. that C. if D. what

148. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ______ road conditions need to be improved.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

149. Word came ____his poem won the first prize.

A. that B. whether C. as D. because

150. They have no idea at all ____.

A. where he has gone B. where did he go

C. which place had he gone D. where has he gone

151. His suggestion ____ to see the exhibition interested every one of us.

A. that we go B. which we should go

C. that we would go D. when we should go

152. He made a suggestion that we ____ early.

A. started B. should be started C. start D. would start

153. Although he knew little about the work done in the field of physics, he succeeded ______other experienced experts failed.

A. which B. that C. what D. where

154. Father made a promise _______ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.

A. that B. if C. whether D. that if

155. He is not _____ a fool _____.

A. such ; as he is looked B. such ; as he looks

C. as ; as he is looked D. so ; as he looks

156. Although most of them have no doubt ____ he will pass the exam, I still think there is something about _____ he has really got everything ready.

A. whether; that B. that; whether C. that; that D. whether; whether

157. It was _____ he said _______ disappointed me most.

A. what, that B. that, that C. what, what D. that , what

158. ---I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?

---It was in his office _____ he worked.

A. where B. which C. that D. the one

159. The reason ______ he raised for being late with the exercise was _____ he had to send his mother to school.

A. that; that B. why; because C. why; that D. that; because

160. That art centre is ______ used to be a factory, ______ millions of tractors were made.

A. what; where B. where; where C. what; which D. where; which

161. Was it in the beautiful park ___ was located by the sea ____ we first met our new Chinese teacher?

A. where; which B. which; which C. that; that D. which; where

162. Was it through Betty, ____ was working at a high school, ____ you get to know Tonny?

A. who; who B. who; that C. that; which D. who; which

163. ____ worried the doctors most was ____they could find the cause of the disease.

A. What; how B. That; that C. What; what D. How; what

164. Dr. Richards told me ____ the test results showed ____ I was suffering from a serious disease ____ I can’t imagine.

A. what; that; that B. that; which; what C. that; that; that D. which; what; that

165. ____ is it ____ Hawking does not like about his speech computer?

A. What; which B. What; what C. What; that D. That; that

166. ---- Have you got used to the college life here?

---- Yes, but I don’t like ____ when we have to do exercises on cold winter morning.

A. that B. it C. those D. this

167. ---- What do you think of the book Harry Potter?

---- Harry Potter is a world of magic and wonders, ____ anything can happen.

A. that which B. the one where C. one which D. one where

168. ---- How unhappy your roommate looks!

---- Yes, but he’s not willing to tell me what it is ____ is troubling him.

A. what B. which C. as D. that

169. The news ____ is spreading around the airport is ____ a big snowstorm will come attacking.

A. which; which B. /; that C. that; which D. that; that

170. Mr. Frank asked me a question ____ I could go with him to ____ he called the Treasure House the next week.

A. that; which B. whether; that C. whether; what D. that; where

171. For many seniors in some universities, the final year can be an unpleasant experience, ____ that ends the campus romance.

A. which B. the one C. what D. one

172. Of one thing I am concerned ____ hard work contributes to good results.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

173. Today the view ____ education should be about more than scores is widely held by both teachers and students.

A. how B. what C. that D. why

174. Many standardized tests in our life turned out to be simple, ____ beyond expectations.

A. which was B. they are C. which were D. it is

175. ---- On the contrary, I think it is the mother, rather than her children, ____ to blame.

---- I agree with you.

A. what is B. that is C. who are D. that are

176. ---- How is the case/

---- A hair and some drops of blood were found, in the light of ___ the murderer will soon be found out.

A. that B. which C. what D. when

177. ---- I told him to take ____ he considered helpful to him and his family from everything ____ I was having then.

---- You were really kind to him.

A. what; what B. what; whichever C. whatever; that D. whichever; that

178. If the project should be delayed for a day, ___ would mean we would be fined $ 100,000.

A. that B. as C. which D. and it

179. When I try to understand ____ it is that prevents so man Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me ____ there are quite a few causes.

A. why; that B. which; as C. what; that D. whether; since

180. Though there are few Chinese ____ have heard of the Great Wall, many of them haven’t been there yet.

A. as B. who C. but D. that

181. He, as a member of the Communist Party, always thinks of ____ he can do more for the people.

A. what B. if C. why D. how

182. Jane’s father has bought her a nice sports car, ____ we all know it.

A. as B. which C. that D. and

183. At present teenagers prefer going to the net bar, ____ as is known to some of them, they can chat with their friends or play games, ____ some more reading.

A. which; rather than do B. which; doing C. where; to doing D. where; to do

184. The task required ____ did it ____ careful and brave enough.

A. who; is B. whom; was C. whomever; were D. whoever, be

185. As we know, every minute ____ full use of ____ our lessons will do good to our students.

A. which makes; studying B. when made; to study

C. that is made; study D. that is made; studying

186. Never should we forget about the war in Iraq and the sufferings ____ caused to the people there.

A. it B. which C. that D. what

187. A similar trick is used in so-called “bait-and-switch” ads, ____ is the customer is shown one product (the bait) and then given another.

A. it B. that C. which D. what

188. Perhaps that is the only point ___ I completely agree.

A. that B. which C. with which D. where

定语从句、名词性从句

高考题汇编

1-5 BCCDD 6-10 DABBD 11-15 ADCAD 16-20ADCBB 21-25 ADCAD

26-30 DBDAA 31-35 BCCAB 36-40 CDADA 41-45 ACBCD 46-50 DDBDB

51-55 DDBCA 56-60 CBDDB 61-65 BBDDC 66-70 DAADC 71-75BBCAC

76-80 CCCCC 81-85 CCACA 86-90 BCAAC 91-95 ABBBC 96-100 ACADD

101-105 CCDAA 106-110 ABDBD 111-115 BCDBB 116-120 BBBBA

121-125 AABDA 126-130 AABAD 131-135 CABDD 136-138 DDB

定语从句、名词性从句

强化训练

1-5 DBDCD 6-10 BCADA 11-15 DBDDB 16-20 CDDAA 21-25 ADBCC

26-30 CADBD 31-35 CDDBB 36-40 DBBDB 41-45 DBADC 46-50 DCDAC

51-55 BABCD 56-60 BCADA 61-65 ACDCB 66-70 BDBAA 71-75 BAACB

76-80 DCAAC 81-85 BCBAA 86-90 CDABA 91-95 ACDCA 96-100 BCCAD

101-105 BACAD 106-110 CDBCC 111-115 CACBB 116-120 BADCC

121-125 CCCBD 126-130 DCBAA 131-135 ADDBA 136-140 DAADA

141-145 DDDBD 146-150 ABAAA 151-155 ACDDB 156-160 BAAAA

161-165 CBACC 166-170 BDDDC 171-175 DDCAB 176-180 BCACC

181-185 DDCDB 186-188 ABD

定语从句、名词性从句

高考题汇编

1-5 BCCDD 6-10 DABBD 11-15 ADCAD 16-20ADCBB 21-25 ADCAD

26-30 DBDAA 31-35 BCCAB 36-40 CDADA 41-45 ACBCD 46-50 DDBDB

51-55 DDBCA 56-60 CBDDB 61-65 BBDDC 66-70 DAADC 71-75BBCAC

76-80 CCCCC 81-85 CCACA 86-90 BCAAC 91-95 ABBBC 96-100 ACADD

101-105 CCDAA 106-110 ABDBD 111-115 BCDBB 116-120 BBBBA

121-125 AABDA 126-130 AABAD 131-135 CABDD 136-138 DDB

定语从句、名词性从句

强化训练

1-5 DBDCD 6-10 BCADA 11-15 DBDDB 16-20 CDDAA 21-25 ADBCC

26-30 CADBD 31-35 CDDBB 36-40 DBBDB 41-45 DBADC 46-50 DCDAC

51-55 BABCD 56-60 BCADA 61-65 ACDCB 66-70 BDBAA 71-75 BAACB

76-80 DCAAC 81-85 BCBAA 86-90 CDABA 91-95 ACDCA 96-100 BCCAD

101-105 BACAD 106-110 CDBCC 111-115 CACBB 116-120 BADCC

121-125 CCCBD 126-130 DCBAA 131-135 ADDBA 136-140 DAADA

141-145 DDDBD 146-150 ABAAA 151-155 ACDDB 156-160 BAAAA

161-165 CBACC 166-170 BDDDC 171-175 DDCAB 176-180 BCACC

181-185 DDCDB 186-188 ABD

责任编辑：李芳芳

如何学好名词性从句

沈永铭

名词性从句是连贯初中到高中的英语重点语法概念，也是历年高考英语考试的一个考查热点。纵观历年高考英语试题，我们就能发现：高考英语对于名词性从句考查的重点就是名词性从句的引导词的选择、引导词之间的区别、名词性从句的陈述语序以及主从句时态基点一致性原则等。本文结合高考实际，重点给同学们谈一下如何掌握好名词性从句的问题。

一、什么是名词性从句？

在主从复合句中，不修饰任何句子中的成分而独立存在的从句就是名词性从句。名词性从句包括：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位于从句；名词性从句由连接代词和连接副词引导。

（一）主语从句

在主从复合句中位于谓语之前、充当主语功能的从句叫做主语从句。引导主语从句的连接词常有：连词that， whether；连接代词who，what，which以及其强调形式whoever，whatever， whichever；和连接副词when，where，how， why等。例如：

1． ____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect a cultural difference from one aspect．（春季上海）

A．What B．That C．This D．Which

2． ____ she couldn't understand was ________fewer and fewer students showed interests in her lessons．（上海）

A．What；why B．That；what C．What；because D．Why；that

3． ____has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising．（99上海）

A．Who B．The one C．Anyone D．Whoever

4． ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have．（NMET96）

A．What；what B．What；that C．That；that D．That；what

5． ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather．（NMET96）

A．If B．Whether C．That D．Where

6． ____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present．（MET93）

A．What B．That C．The fact D．The m atter

7． ____ you don't like him is none of my business．（92上海）

A．What B．Who C．That D．Whether

另外，当主语从句位于句首时，句子整体常常显得很笨重。因此，我们一般要把从句放在句末，前面用引导词it作形式主语，主语从句在复合句中充当真正主语。例如：

8．It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey．（MET92）

A．while B．that C．if D．for

（二）表语从句

在主从复合句中，位于连系动词之后且充当表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的连接词常有：连词that， whether；连接代词who，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why以及其它连词as if，as though，because等。例如：

9．What the doctors really doubt is____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．（春季上海）

A．when B．how C．whether D．why

10．-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week．

-Is that ____ you had a few days off？（NMET99）

A．why B．when C．what D．where

11．Go and get your coat．It's____ you left it．（MET92）

A．there B．where C．there where D．where there

12．I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella．____I got wet all through．（98上海）

A．It's the reason B．That's why C．There's why D．It's how

（三）同位语从句

在主从复合句中用充当同位语、说明所修饰的同位名词的内容的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句通常用在idea，news，fact，thought, promise，suggestion，belief，truth，reason,chance,information,news,conclusion,possibility, question,ask,doubt,wonder等同位名词的后面，说明该名词所表示的具体内容。引导同位语从句的连接词常有：连词that，连接副词how， when，where等.。

He left me a message that he would buy me a ticket to the rock concert.

13．Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities．（2001上海）

A． While B．that C．when D．as

（四）宾语从句

在主从复合句中充当宾语、位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词常有：连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式 whoever，whichever，whatever；连接副词 when，where，why，how等。例如：

14．When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule：Always give the money exactly____ he wants．（春季上海）

A．what B．which C．when D．that

15．-I think it's going to be a big problem ．-Yes，it could be．

-I wonder ____ we can do about it．（2002春季）

A．if B．how C．what D．that

16．A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）

A．how B．after C．what D．when

17．Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster____ he had done the day before．

A．that B．how C．where D．what

18．These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them ．（2000春季）

A．whatever B．that C．which D．whichever

19．Eat ____ cake you like and leave the others for ____ comes in late．（2000春季上海）

A．any；who B．every；whoever C．whichever；whoever D．either；whoever

20．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants．（NMET97）

A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever

21．Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____shares her interests．（95上海）

A．anyone B．whom ever C．whoever D．no m atter who

二、在学习名词性从句时还要注意的几方面事项：

1、在名词性从句中，当从句是疑问句时无比要遵循陈述语序的原则。例如：

22.No one can be sure ____ in a million years.(MET91)

A.what man will look like B.what will man look like

C.man will look like what D.what look will man like

23.____ is unknown to me.

A.Where does he live B.Where he lives C.He lives where D.Where he lives in

24．Someone is ringing the doorbell．Go and see ____．（2000上海）

A．who is he B．who he is C．who is it D．who it is

24．Can you make sure ____the gold ring ？（MET90）

A． where Alice had put B．where had Alice put

C．where Alice has put D．where has Alice put

25．You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents．（94上海）

A．how they were excited B．how excited they were

C．how excited were they D．they were how excited

2、what和that引导名词性从句时的区别。that引导名词性从句时只起连接词作用，本身无实际意义，在从句中不作任何成分； what引导名词性从句时本身有意义，即表示“什么”或“所……的事物”（＝the thing（s） which），同时又在从句中担任一定的成分,；在从句中指物或指事，作主语、表语、宾语或定语。短语动词do with就只能与what连用。

2、if和whether引导名词性从句时的区别。if和whether都可以用来引导名词性从句，但引导主语从句（位于句首时）、表语从句、同位语从句以及在介词之后引导宾语从句时要用whether，而不用if。

(1)if ,whether表”是否“时引导名词性从句；if表”如果“时引导条件状语从句；whether表”无论是否；不管是否“时引导让步状语从句。

例26：The WTO cannot live up to its name ____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.(NMET2000) A.whether B.while C.if D.even though

析：选C，句意为：”如果世贸组织不包括占世界人口五分之一的国家，就显得名不副实“。

例27：____ you will go there or not,I'll go there.

A.Whether B.If C.Unless D.While

析：选A，因为该句句意为：”无论你是否去，我都会去那里“。

4． who与whoever，what与whatever引导名词性从句时的区别。whoever引导名词性从句时相当于anyone who，those who。 whatever引导名词性从句时相当于anything that。试比较以下句子：

（1） Who broke the window is unknown．不知道是谁打破了窗户。

Whoever breaks the law will be punished．凡是犯法者都要受到惩罚。

（2） Do what you like．你爱干什么就干什么吧。

Do whatever you like．你爱干什么就干什么。（whatever比what语气更强）

5．在宾语从句中还要掌握好否定前移现象。所谓“否定前移现象”就是指当主句的主语是第一人称，且主句的谓语动词是think,believe;suppose;expect等感知动词时，人们常把对宾语从句的否定前移到主句中去的现象。这种现象的语言欺骗性较强，而且还影响到主从复合句的反意疑问句的后部句子的结构。例如：

（1）I don’t think that it’s right for you to do so.我认为你这样做是不对的。

这个句子中明显把对从句的否定转移到了主句中。

（2）We don’t believe that Tom can pass the driving test,_______?

A.do we B.don’t we C.can he D.can’t he

该主从复合句的反意疑问句的后部就是与从句保持一致，正确的选项为C项。

6．当fact,idea,reason,truth,chance,information,news,conclusion,possibility,believe,conclude等表示肯定意义的动词或名词前后的名词性从句一般为肯定句，名词性从句宜用that引导从句；当question,ask,doubt,wonder等表示疑问的名词或动词之前有了否定副词not或否定代词no时，从句一般为肯定句，宜用that引导从句。例如：

（1） The reason why he was absent this morning was that he was badly ill.

（2） There is no doubt that the clever and deligent will pass the college entrance examinations next year

7．在包含名词性从句的复合句中，我们都要遵循主从句动词时态基点一致性原则，即要么都用现在时态，要么都用过去时态。但是，当从句的内容为客观事实、客观真理、生活常识或谚语时，不受主从句时态一致原则的限制，仍要坚持用一般现在时；当从句的内容为历史的事实时，不受主从句时态一致原则的限制，仍用一般过去时。例如：

(1)Our physics teacher once told us that light travels faster than sound.

(2)It is known to us all that the People’s Republic of China was founded on October 1,1949.

8、在表示“命令”、“坚持”、“建议”或“要求”的动词或名词前后的名词性从句常用虚拟语气。

1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。由wish引导的宾语从句常表示说话人的一种强烈的却暂时无法实现的愿望。 How I wish she would be on my side!(But in fact it’s quite impossible.我多么希望她能站在我一边啊！

另外，在表示“命令”、“坚持”、“要求”或“建议”等意义的及物动词（order,command,demand,require,insist,suggest）之后的宾语从句中的谓语动词同样常使用虚拟语气，表示说话人的要求，其结构为：主语+should+动词原形，其中的should常可省略。The head teacher demanded that we (should finish) the task in time today.

但是，当insist表示“坚持认为”的意思时，或suggest表示“暗示”或“表明”之意时，宾语从句仍用陈述语气。试比较：

My parents insisted that I ( should) enter a key university.

My parents insisted that they were right.

The soldier’s pale face suggested that he was happy to have given his life to his motherland.

The monitress suggested that we (should ) hold a class meeting tomorrow afternoon to discuss the problem.

2）、虚拟语气用在主语从句中。

在句型 ”It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... “ 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词常用：“ should + 动词原形 ”。例如：

It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们有必要出去散散步。

It's natural that she should do so. 她这样做是很自然的。

It's important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。

同理，在表示“命令”、“坚持”、“要求”或“建议”等意义的名词前后的主语从句、标语从句和同位语从句中的谓语动词同样用虚拟语气，既：“主语+(should)+ 动词原形”的句型。例如：

His suggestion /advice is that we should start early tomorrow morning.

It is necessary that a college student ________ at least a foreign language．（上海’1993）

A．masters B．should master C．mastered D．will master

二、练习与检测

1. _____ we need more practice is quite clear.

A. When B. What C. That D. /

2. _____ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.

A. If B. Whether C. Even if D. No matter when

3. _____ knows the truth about it will tell you.

A. Who that B. That C. Whoever D. That who

4. _____ he is doing seems quite difficult.

A. How B. That C. Which D. What

5. _____ certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.

A. That's B. This is C. It's D. What's

6. _____ that there is another good harvest this year.

A. It says B. It is said C. It was said D. He was said

7. _____ that she has received a doctor's degree.

A. It's a splendid news B. This is a splendid news

C. It's splendid news D. This is splendid news

8. It is strange _____.

A. that no one should like this book B. that no one liked this book

C. that why no one likes this book D. why no one likes this book

9. It is suggested that the experiment _____ under low temperature.

A. makes B. is make C. should be made D. will be made

10. _____ still needs to be discussed.

A. How is the plan to be carried out B. How the plan is to be carried out

C. Why is the plan carried out D. Why the plan carried out

11. _____ is unknown to us all.

A. Where did she put it B. Where she put it C. That where she put it D. In which she put it

12. _____ nothing to do with us.

A. What he did is B. What he has done is C. What did he do has D. What he has done has

13. That's _____ the Party called on us to do.

A. what B. that C. how D. why

14. She looked _____ she were ten years younger.

A. that B. like C. as D. as though

15. The reason I have to go is _____ if I don't.

A. that she will be disappointed B. because she will be disappointed

C. on account of her being disappointed D. that she will be disappointing

16. It was _____ he worked hard that he succeeded.

A. because B. since C. as D. for

17. It seemed that the girl _____.

A. had lost important something B. had lost something important

C. lost important things D. lost something important

18. The fact _____ he is an advanced worker is well known.

A. what B. which C. that D. why

19. The fact _____ in the past few years proves that our Party's policy is correct.

A. that great achievement was made B. which great achievements were made

C. what have been made D. that great achievements have been made

20. I have no idea _____.

A. what does the word ”infinity“ mean B. what the word ”infinity“ means

C. what the meaning of the word ”infinity“ D. what the word ”infinity" mean

21. His suggestion _____ to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.

A. that we go B. which we should go C. that we would go D. when we should go

22. I'll certainly tell the Emperor _____ pleased I am with it.

A. how B. what C. who D. whom

23. I wonder _____ he asked such a silly question in public.

A. how B. what C. that D. why

24. _____ do you think will teach us maths next term?

A. Whom B. Who C. What D. That

25. I will give this dictionary to _____ wants to have it.

A. whomever B. whoever C. whom D. whatever

26. Do _____ you think is right _____ difficulties you may have.

A. what/however B. that/what C. whatever/whoever D. what/whatever

27. There’s a feeling in me ___ we’ll never know what a UFO is – not ever. (上海2002)

A. that B. which C. of which D. what

28. He was interested in _____ he had seen at the exhibition.

A. which B. that C. all what D. all that

29. He often thinks of _____ he can do more for the four modernizations.

A. what B. how C. that D. which

30. Take _____ much you want and _____ you want to.

A. however/when B. whenever/how C. however/whoever D. however/whenever

31. Perseverance is a kind of quality – and that’s ___ it takes to do anything well. (上海2003)

A. what B. that C. which D. why

练习与检测答案

1-5 CBCDC 6-10 BCACB 11-15 BDADA 16-20 ABCDB 21-25 AADBB 26-31DADBDA

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高考英语陷阱题总结归纳--定语从句

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.

A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were

【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was.请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：

（1） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.

A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are

（2） The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.

A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are

（3） Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.

A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are

2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？”

A. that B. which C. where D. what

【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。

【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。

【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：

_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

此题答案选 A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。

再比较下面一组题，其中第（1）题选 B，第（2）题选 D：

（1） ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which B. As C. That D. It

（2） ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which B. As C. That D. It

4. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.

A. that B. who C. as D. whom

【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。

【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … （如此……以至……）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that.比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：

David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.

A. that B. who C. as D. whom

请再做以下试题（答案选D）：

It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.

A. like B. that C. which D. as

5. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses.

【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses.类似地，以下各题也选D：

（1） His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

（2） Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

（3） This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：

（4） George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.

A. that B. him C. them D. whom

（5） Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.

A. that B. who C. them D. whom

（6） I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.

A. that B. who C. them D. whom

6. He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.

A. whom B. them C. which D. who

【陷阱】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students.

【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B.比较以下各题（答案均选A）：

（1） He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

（2） He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.

A. them B. which C. what D. that

（3） He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.

A. whom B. them C. which D. who

（4） He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.

A. them B. whom C. which D. who

7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.

A. whom B. them C. which D. who

【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A.比较：

（1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。

（2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were.

（3） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。

8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：

（1） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

选B.whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated.

（2） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

选A.因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。

（3） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

选A.their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。

（4） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

选B.whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat.

（5） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

选B.whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting.

9. If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：

（1） If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.

A. as B. which C. and it D. that

（2） If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

（3） Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.

A. that B. which C. and it D. so

（4） When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

10. She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.

A. which B. when C. how D. where

【陷阱】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词 where.

【分析】正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词 which或that.比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：

She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.

A. which B. when C. how D. where

请再做一组试题（答案均选A）：

（1） Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.

A. which B. when C. how D. where

选A，which 在定语从句中用作动词 bought 的宾语。

（2） Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.

A. which B. when C. how D. where

选A，which 在定语从句中用作主语。

（3） Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.

A. where B. when C. that D. which

选A，where 在定语从句中用作状语。

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest.

A. once they grew B. they grew once C. they once grew D. once grew

2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 pm, _____ many people have gone home.

A. that B. which C. whose time D. by which time

3. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？

A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained

4. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.

A. it B. that C. this D. which

5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _____ efforts he still suffers.

A. which B. that C. whose D. what

6. It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family.

A. when B. where C. that D. which

7. We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer.

A. which B. that C. whose D. when

8. The little time we have together we’ll try _____ wisely.

A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that

9. The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work.

A. that, the place B. it, the place C. which, where D. what, where

10. We will be shown around the city： schools, museums, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go.

A. what B. which C. where D. when

11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ______ the country became united.

A. when B. if C. since D. until

12. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____ in the forest.

A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew

13. You could see the runners very well from ______ we stood.

A. which B. where C. that D. when

14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.

A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose

15. What have you got _____ will help a cold？

A. what B. that C. it D. who

16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.

A. how B. that C. what D. which

17. Do you know the man from ________ house the pictures were stolen？

A. which B. that C. what D. whose

18. I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.

A. why B. which C. as D. where

19. Is this all that you need？ If you married me, I’d give you everything you _____.

A. want B. wanted C. had wanted D. are wanting

20. I met the teacher in the street yesterday ________ taught me English three years ago.

A. which B. when C. where D. who

21. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.

A. where B. which C. while D. why

22. He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.

A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is

23. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy.

A. who B. which C. this D. what

24. Their problem today is somewhat similar to _____ they faced many years ago.

A. that B. which C. that which D. it

25. I saw some trees the leaves of _____ were black with disease.

A. that B. which C. it D. what

26. The famous basketballer, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.

A. where B. when C. which D. who

27. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _______ she had arranged with James.

A. the which was what B. what was that C. which was what D. that was that

◆答案与解析◆

1. 选 C.先行词是 those，可视为 those flowers 之省略。they once grew 前省略了关系代词 which.全句意为：这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。

2. 选D.by which time 引出的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中 by which time 相当于 and by that time.

3. 选 A.注意不能选 D，因为动词 explained 缺宾语。

4. 选 D.which 指 the road map.

5. 选C.from whose efforts he still suffers 为修饰 a serious illness 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 efforts.

6. 选B.where 引导定语从句修饰 one.注：one 在此指 a new job.类似地，下面一题的答案是C，因为one that 相当于 a problem that：

The problem is _____ has caused us a lot of trouble.

A. one B. that

C. one that D. that one

7. 选 D.先行词是表时间的 age（时代），由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 when.

8. 选C.该句的正常词序为 We will try to spend the little time we have together wisely.

9. 选C.第一空填 which，指 the old building；第二空填 where，用以引导表语从句。

10. 选 C.先行词是地点名词 places，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 where.

11. 选A.when 引导的是非限制性定语从句。

12. 选C.that once grew in the forest 为修饰 those 的定语从句。

13. 选B.where 在此相当于 the place where.

14. 选 B.the price of which was very reasonable 为非限制性定语从句，其中的 the price of which 相当于 and its price 或 and the price of it.假若空格前有并列连词 and，则可选 C.

15. 选B.that will help a cold 为修饰 what 的定语从句。比较：Have you got anything that will help a cold？ 以及 I’ve got nothing that will help a cold.

16. 选B.the way 后不接how 引导的从句，换句说，how 不是关系代词或关系副词，不能引导定语从句。以the way 为先行词的定语从句通常用 that 或 in which 来引导，在非正式文体中也可省略 that 和 in which.

17. 选D.from whose house the pictures were stolen 为修饰 the man 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 house.

18. 选 D.先行词是 many cases，关系副词 where =in which.

19. 选A.尽管句中用了 if you married me, I’d give you everything 这样的虚拟语气句子，但修饰everything 的定语从句 （that） you want 却要用陈述语语气，因为它是回答前面 Is this all that you need？ 这一提问的。

20. 选 D.因定语从句缺主语，且关系代词指人，故选D.

21. 选A.where 所引导的为修饰 a dangerous situation 的定语从句。

22. 选 A.选项中的 I think 是插入语，若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案。

23. 选 B.of course 为插入语，若将项其去掉，则答案显然是B.

24. 选C.that which相当于 the problem which.

25. 选B.the leaves of which 相当于 whose leaves.

26. 选 D.先行词是 The famous basketballer（著名的篮球明星），故要用 who 来引导定语从句，因为其余三项均不用于指人。

27. 选 C.which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，其中 which 指代 a cheaper one，且在定语从句中用作主语。which was what 中的 what引导一个表语从句，它相当于 the one that.

责任编辑：李芳芳

语法系列复习专题九-----名词从句、定语从句

名词从句

名词从句有四类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。例如：

宾语从句：I don’t know where he will go.

主语从句：Where he will go is unknown.

表语从句：The problem is how we can get so much money.

同位语从句：We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game.

下面几点是学习名词从句要加以注意的：

1． whether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意，（即引导宾语从句时if和whether

可以互换）但以下几种名词从句要用whether（不用if）引导：

（1） 引导主语从句，且在句首时。例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但

It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis).

（2） 引导表语从句时。例The problem is whether he can get a job.

（3） 引导同位语从句时。例：I have no idea whether he will come.

（4） 介词后的whether从句。例：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.

2． 位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘。

例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us.

3． 在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/…＋

that从句”结构中，that从句谓语有时用（should）do这样的虚拟语气形式。

例如：It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations between us.

It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all ones life.

It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings（缺点）.

4． 在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because.

例如：The reason why he didnt go to school yesterday is that he was ill.

5． 名词从句中that,what用法比较：

引导名词从句的that是连词，在句中无成份，无意义，而what是连接代词，what＝the

thing(s) that.

例如：It was told in yesterdays newspaper that what the students had done was praised

by the factory.

I know that he will study.

I know what he will study.

That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all.

What he works hard at is known to us all.

All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what(＝the person that)he

used to be.他和以前大不相同了。

6． where在名词从句中的使用特点：

where在名词从句中有时可以变为“the place where”,有时可以变为“介词＋the place where” 形式。例如：

主从：Where(＝The place where)she has gone is still unknown.

宾从：Would you please tell me where(＝the place where) Mr Smith lives?

表从：Your dictionary remains where(＝in/at the place where)you put.

同位从：Have you any idea where(＝of the place where) she is spending her holidays?

7． 无论是哪种名词从句都是陈述语序。例如：

I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is.

当一个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序（即“主＋谓＋（宾）”或“主＋系＋表”结构），将其变为间接引语（即宾语从句）时，无需改变语序。例如：

Whats the matter with him? She asked me what was the matter with him.

Who looks after your grandfather? He asked me who looked after my grandfather.

名词从句考点分析

1．They want to know ______ do to help us. (NMET)

A. what they can B. how they can C. how can they D. what can they

析：此题要选陈述语序项，故应排除C、D。又因how they can do不完整，do后无宾

语，故也应排除，只有A项既是陈述语序，且what they can do完整正确地表达出“他

们能做些什么”这一意思，故答案为A。

2．His teacher ______ he ______ bright and ______ he was worth teaching.

A.didn’t think;was;that B.thought;was;whether

C.didn’t think;was;× D.thought;wasnt;×

析：观察题目，可知think后跟有and连接的两个并列宾语从句，这时前一个宾语从句

的引导语that可以省略，但引导后一宾语从句的that不可省略，据此，可排除C、D

两个选项。若选B项，全句意思不通，而选择A项可表达“他的老师认为他不聪明，不

值得教”这一意思，且语法结构无误，故可定A是正确答案。

3．______ is done cannot be undone.

A.How B.That C.What D.Where

析：do一般作及物动词使用，从题干看，需选一词作主语（逻辑上是done的宾语）。

而A.How,D.Where均是副词，不能作主语，故应排除。B项that一词只能在定语从句

中作主语，不能在主语从句中作主语，也应排除。只有选what(＝the thing that),才

能正确表述“凡是做的不可不做”这一意思。

4．Take care ______ you dont make mistakes in the coming exam.

A.of that B.about that C.for what D.that

析：take care是“注意”、“当心”意，后面可跟that引导的宾语从句来表达“当心

不要…”意思，据此，该题应选D。

5．To his surprise,the umbrella was not ______ he had put.

A.which B.where C.the place D.that

析：观察题干，was not后是表语，根据where在表语从句中相当于in/at the place where,

将其置于空白处则可表达“伞不在他当初放的地方”这一意思，而C选项缺少词，不可

选。A、D项皆不合用。

6．______ we cant get seems better than ______ we have.

A.what;what B.what;that C.that;that D.that;what

析：此题显然是要表达“我们得不到的东西似乎比我们得到的东西好。”这一意思，即

“A seems better that B”结构，根据what＝the thing(s) that这一特点，将其置

于两空白处正好可以表达出前者比后者好这一意思，故答案为A。

7．______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where

析：此题depends前的主语从句是一个不肯定的内容，在句首表“是否”意时，只能用

Whether,不可用If。故答案为B。

8．______ they are most interested in is ______ they can produce more and better

cars.

A.That;how B.What;how C.What;what D.That;that

析：is前面是一个主语从句，要表达“他们最感兴趣的（东西）”这一意思，只能选what

填入空白;is是表语从句，显然只有选how才能表达“如何生产更多更好的汽车”，故

答案为B。

9．He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday.

A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off

析：suggestion,order,adivce等词后的同位语从句谓语要用（should）do的形式，且

该句中test与put off为被动关系，故选B。

10．I dont think ______ he said something like that is right.

A.that B.what C.whether D.when

析：此句think后是一宾语从句，这个宾语从句的主语在is之前，它是一个被动句。

因为he said something like that已经含有主、谓、宾、状等成分，只有选不表意义，

不做成分的that才合适，故选A。

定语从句

一、定语从句与引导词

定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词，

而引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。

懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。

1． 关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语，whose

作定语。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；代物的有：that,which,whose.例如：

The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语)

That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人，在定

语从句中作宾语，可省略)

Im not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人，在定从中作表语)

A dictionary is a useful book which(＝that) tells us the meaning of words(which

或that代物，在定从中作主语)

2． 关系副词有：when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)，在定语从句中作状语。

例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)

The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.

注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从，不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如：Well visit the factory which(＝that) makes radios.

(which或that在定从中作主语，where不可用主语，故不可用)

They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.

(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不可作宾语，故不可用)

二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代

词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。非限制性定语从句例：Li Pings father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时which不可换为as。)

He is good at physics, as is known to us all.＝As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which)

三、只用that引导和不用that引导的场合

1． 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合

1） 当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted

him.

2） 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./Thats the only watch that I like most.

3） 指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.

4） 先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need?

5） 先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him?

2． 不用that的场合如下：

1）非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long

March .

2）介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news

3）句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.

四、“介词＋关系代词”用法

1． 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)

2． 介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配），例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)

3． 当关系代词作“动词＋介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如：This is the watch which youre looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.

五、几个名词后的引导词

1. situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in

which you can use the word?

2. way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?

3. “the same＋名词”，“such＋名词”，“as＋名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。

例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.

定语从句考点分析

1． The best work ______ Luxun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film.

A.which;that B.that;× C.×;that D.×;×

析：如果两个定语从句并列，关系代词作宾语时前一句的可以省略，但后一句的不可省略，故应选C。

2． It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.

It was 1969 ______ two Amerians got to the moon by space ship.

A.when B.which C.that D.×

析：第一句是强调时间in 1969,强调结构是“It was＋强调部分＋that句”，故应选C。第二句It是表时间的，先行词1969在从句中作状语，故选A。

3． Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born?

A.at which B.which C.in which D.at where

析：观察题目，空白处只有填in which或where才能表达“这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗？”这一意思，故答案为C。

4． Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born?

A.where B.which C.in which D.at which

析：将此句变为陈述句；This house is ______ Shakespeare was born.显然is后是一表语从句，只有选where(＝the place where)才能表达“这是莎士比亚的出生地”这一意思，故答案为A。

5． In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for

help.

A.to whom B.of whom C.from whom D.that

析：“介词＋关系代词”要考虑短语搭配或与先行搭配，这道题短语turn to有关，故

应选A。

6． The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jims gold watch and Dellas

hair.

A．about which B.of which C.in which D.for which

析：涉及be/feel proud of短语，故答案为B。

7． Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late.

A.why B.that C.for which D.what

析：此题易误选A、C，因为先行词是the reason,但细观察分析，定语从句缺少主语，所以答案是B。注意what不能引导定语从句。

8． Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain.

A.where B.in place C.that D.the place where

析：因为difficult是形容词，故其后不是定语从句。这儿的空白处应填引导状语从句where(＝in the place where),全句表达“在没有雨水的地方耕种困难”。这一意思，可见答案为A。

9． We need the same machine ______ in your factory.

A.which is being used B.as is being used

C.that is being used D.as it is being used

析：根据“the same＋先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原则，可知答案为B。

10．______ the people,not things ______ are most important.

A.There are;who B.Those are;that C.It is;that D.It was;who

析：仔细观察分析题目，可知只有C构成强调句才有成立。当我们要检验视其为强调

句的判断是否正确时，只要将“It is (或was)…that”这三个词去掉，剩下部分读

起来正确无误，则证明判断是正确的，反之是错误的。此题如不填“It is…that”

三词，句子是The people,not things are most important.语义完整正确，说明选

C是对的。

名词从句、定语从句专练

1.______ surprised me most was the news ______ our team won.

A.That;that B.What;which C.What;that D.That;which

2.This is the only book ______ I want to read.

A.which B.that C.what D.as

3.The reason ______ I am so late is ______ the bus.

A. that;I didnt catch B.×;that I missed

C.why;because I have missed D.×;because my not catching

4. The problem ______ has been completely settled.

A.which you thought B.that you thought

C.about which you thought it D.that you thought about

5. Is this the tape－recorder you wish ______?

A.to have it repaired B.to repair it

C.to have repaired D.repairing

6. The electric toy ______ last month has gone out of order.

A.I bought it for him B.which I bought to him

C.I bought for him D.that I bought to him

7. His head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows,______ he oculd see nothing but tress.

A.frm which B.from where C.where D.from there

8. Every minute ______ full use of to study our lessons will do our students good.

A.which makes B.that is made C.that made D.what is made

9. Will it be two months ______ we can get another one?

A.that B.when C.before D.in which

10.After graduation we should go ______ our Party needs us most.

A.to the place which B.in which C.that D.where

11.There is a popular belief among parents ______ schools are no louger interested

in handwriting.

A.who B.whose C.that D.which

12.He lent me a lot of maney,______ I couldn’t buy the TV set.

A.with it B.for which C.without which D.by which

13.Water power stations are bulit ______ big water falls.

A.which are B.which has C.where there have D.where there are

14.The direction ______ a force acts can be changed.

A.how B.which C.towards D.×

15.Was it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her?

A.when B.which C.on which D.that

16.In the end she decided to sell the house ______ windows were almost broken.

A.which B.that C.of which D.whose

17.That ______ you lent me wasn’t _____ I wanted.

A.that;all B.which;all C.that;what D.which;that

18.Each time ______ they met,they would talk long hours together.

A.during B.which C.where D.×

19.This is the third week ______ for the rubbish.

A.that they didn’t come B.they aren’t coming

C.they haven’t come D.when they haven’t come

20.On the desk ______ a Chinese brush ______ he had made drawing.

A.lay;with which B.lies;by which C.laid;in which D.lay;on which

21.Well never forget the days ______ we spent on the seashore.

A.during which B.in which C.when D.×

22.The beautiful church ______ we see there is very famous.

A.the tower which B.of whose tower C.the tower of which D.of which tower

23.The 11th Asian Games, ______ China won 183 gold medals,was held in the autumn

of 1990.

A.which B.that C.at which D.at that

24.The only thing ______ is wrong with this is ______ a friend of mine said to me

the other day.

A.which;what B.what;that C.that;what D.that;which

25.Who is he man ______ is talking with John?

A.which B.who C.what D.that

26.The farmer uses wood to build a house ______ to store grains.

A.with which B.to where C.which D.in which

27.I really dont know ______ I had my pocket picked.

A.where was it that B.it was where that

C.where it was that D.was it where that

28.He insisted that he ______ right in doing that.

A.should be B.was C.would be D.is

29.--Have you heard from Mary recently?

--Yes,she said she was thinking ______ she should do next.

A.that B.of what C.what D.how

30.Can you guess ______?

A.who that man is B.who is that man

C.what is that man D.whom that man is

31.Tom told his aunt that he ______ what he was doing during the time when he was

in the country.

A.had just asked B.had just been asked C.was just asked D.just asked

32.The reason ______ she gave for not being present was ______ the heavy snow

prevented her coming.

A.×;because B.why;because C.×;that D.why;whether

33.Air is to us ______ water is to fish.

A.what B.that C.which D.is that

34.The free ticket will be sent to ______ comes first.

A.whoever B.whomever C.whosever D.no matter who

35.______ is still unknown when the president will make a public speech.

A.It B.That C.He D.What

36.I dont know ______ is ______ I was born.

A.that;when B.that;what C.that;where D.what;where

37.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.

A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever

38.Father made a promise ______ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.

A.that B.if C.whether D.that if

39.As many nembers ______ were present agreed to the plan.

A.who B.that C.which D.as

40.______ can be seen from his face,he is quite satisfied.

A.That B.It C.Which D.As

名词从句、定语从句专练答案

1－5 C B B D C 6－10 C B B C D 11－15 C C D D D

16－20 D B D C A 21－25 D C C C D 26－30 D C B B A

31－35 B C A A A 36－40 C B D D D

责任编辑：李芳芳

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