托福独立写作文章结构细节讲解

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2024-10-05
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以下是小编整理的托福独立写作文章结构细节讲解，本文共28篇，欢迎阅读分享，希望对您有所帮助。

托福独立写作文章结构细节讲解

ETS官方如何定义托福独立写作文章结构?

在托福官方指南OG中有一部分关于organization的说明，通过几个问句提醒同学们一篇完整的文章应该要包含几个部分：开头段，主体段和结尾段，并且要分段，结构要清晰。

同学们往往对于每部分要写什么毋庸置疑，但在准备的过程中，往往重视形式大过内容。原则上，在不影响主体段发挥的前提下，开头和结尾的方法以及长度随意(OG中介绍了6种开头方法以及5种结尾方法)，保证关键的信息给出即可;但从大部分同学的实际考试情况来看，开头和结尾总倾向于事先准备好的模板句型;相反，最重要的主体段没有留足够的时间和精力。结果往往捡了芝麻丢了西瓜。所以除非能够灵活运用OG介绍的方法，否则建议同学简化开头和结尾。

OG实例提示考生简化开头结尾段

我们看一下OG书上的一个开头段例子：

The importance of the issue raised by the posed statement, namely creating a new holiday for people, cannot be underestimated, as it concerns the very fabric of society. As it stands, the issue of creating a new holiday raises profound implications for the future. However, although the subject matter in general cannot be dismissed lightheartedly, the perspective of the issue as presented by the statement raises certain qualms regarding practical application.

这个开头段的前两句都在强调话题(create a new holiday)的重要性，属于赘述(redundancy)，第三句并没有很直接给出立场，不符合评分标准中的“有效回答问题”。为了获得一个高分，我们需要避免赘述(redundancy)和偏题(digression)。

其次OG中有个2分的文章，截取每段的第一句话：

In the following, I will illustrate my opinion by two reasons.

First of all, honest make the trust stronger between friends or colleagues.

Secondly, telling a lie always makes things worse not only in work but also in family life.

On the contrary, sometimes it is better to tell a lie to others, such as telling a lie to a patient.

作者想给出2个理由，从正反论证说实话在人际关系中的重要性。而第三段的on the contrary，看似是对比论证，然而并非是描述”撒谎的弊端“，所以结构上会引起困惑。

关于结构清晰，一方面建议大家不要大片背诵模板句式然后进行堆砌。今年的两场考试中，已经有明确要求Do not use memorized examples.如果不能将模板句式巧妙结合所写文章熟练混迹在自己的语言表达之下，那么建议踏踏实实审题。另一方面，平时可以结合历年真题，多训练开门见山的思维方式，然后根据不同的话题补充相应的词汇短语等语料表达，不至于无话可说。

托福写作解析:Children and sports

托福写作题目：

Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

参考分析：

优点：对身体健康有好处;有助于培养与人和睦相处的能力;缺点：耽误学习，instant pleasure costs long-term benefits.

花很长时间搞体育的优点

(1)身体健康

(2)促进团队精神

(3)交很多朋友

花很长时间搞体育的缺点：耽误学习

参考范文：

Children and sports

Currently some young children spend a great amount of their time in practicing sports. Most parents feel quite happy because sports are good for their kids' development and team work spirit,however they are quite worried about some negative effects such as practicing sports occupies too much time, distracts their attentions on school work and loses certain interests on other activities. In my opinion, everything has its good side and bad side. The important thing is to handle it properly.

Admittedly, practicing sports can help children's physical development, which makes them grow faster and stronger than before. As we know, during children's development periods, especially from 10 to 16 years old, sports are really helpful for children to develop. Sports can create a strong body that reduces the possibility of contracting some diseases easily. Definitely we believe that children benefit from sports.

Another good thing is that sports teach us to learn how to corporate with other members in a team. Most sports are team work. If we want to play them well, we must master some skills to care about what our team members are thinking and how to adapt each other to achieve a common goal. Sports are not an individual activity, it needs corporation and mutual understanding. This is not easy to master. Of course, for parents they are delightful to see their children to get this skill from sports.

托福写作模板：不同话题经典模板句式

1 We may cite a common example of

2 A general /recent survey /investigation conducted by officials/ scientists indicates /reveals/ suggests that

比较

1 Although the commonly-accepted belief/ idea is that X.X.X, a current/ recent study/ survey indicates that

2 It is true that X.X.X, but it does not mean that

原因

1 The reasons/ causes for X.X.X are varied/ complicated and perhaps (probably) that they lie in the fact

2 Another contributing factor/ cause of X.X.X is that

开头

1 There is a general/ public debate/ discussion nowadays on/ over the X.X.X. Those who criticize/ object to X.X.X argue that

2 They believe that X.X.X, however, people who advocate/ favor X.X.X argue that

结果

1 As it turns out / Indisputably/Accordingly

2 Considering all the factors above, we may safely draw the conclusion that

托福独立写作文章结构细节讲解

【实用经验】托福独立写作文章结构布局高分思路讲解

托福独立写作总分总结构很LOW吗?

说到托福写作的结构，曾有考生问过ETS官方，说中国语文的作文是总分总的结构，托福还是这么写会不会太低端了啊?官方给出的回答是，总分总的篇章安排不叫低端(low)，而叫经典(classic)。我们都说一个写作题目没有标准答案的范文，但是有一个东西可以说是形成了不成文的规定的，那就是一篇好的作文一定是有头有尾、中间细分几段论证的，这一点可以从很多官方给出的范文或是学生的高分文章中得到证实。

托福独立写作到底应该写4段还是5段?

另外，很多考生还存在疑问的一点在于到底一篇文章是写四段还是五段，在小编看来，两种结构各有利弊所在。一般写4段式的同学都是因为主体段只能想出两条理由，实在是想不出第三条理由，只能以1+2+1的结构完成文章。大家都知道一般来说要想拿到不错的分数，一篇新托福议论文需要写到400字左右，那么，如果主体段只写两段，势必需要考生在这两个段落的论证细节上写出更多的内容，否则字数撑不到那么多，而这一点对于很多考生来说恰恰也是很有难度的。相反地，如果写成5段式，貌似就需要考生能想出3条理由进行论证，但事实是，很多考生根本想不到3点理由，能想出2点已经是绞尽脑汁了。在这种情况下，怎么做才是最简易、最轻松的应对办法呢?

小编比较建议大家写5段式的文章，但主体段并不是上文所说的3个理由段，而是采用2+1的模式，即两个理由段，再加一个让步段。关于理由段的写法，将在下文详细分析，在此先重点解释一下让步段到底是什么意思。“让步”字面意思是退一步，那么放到我们作文里，意思就是承认一下反方的观点。西方的文章不太喜欢作者全篇一味强调自己观点的正确性，而是需要作者能适当回应并评价一下反方的观点，这样的文章看起来会更加有说服力。当然，广大考生需要注意的是，小编这里提到的“承认反方观点”

指的是“弱弱地承认”，承认过后必须再削弱回去或者说再驳斥回去，只有这样才能更强调出本文观点的准确性，否则读者看起来会有confusion，也就是为什么一会儿支持自己的观点，一会儿又支持反方观点。

托福独立写作合理结构分配建议

总结一下，笔者推荐的新托福议论文结构为1+3(2+1)+1的模式。第一段总起全文，导入话题并给出本人观点，主体段前两段为理由段，想出两条理由论证正方观点，主体段第三段为让步段，先承认反方观点的合理之处，再削弱此观点，最后一段为总结段，重申本人观点，再做适当的展望。

托福写作模板：大一新生是否需要上课提升学习能力

题目：A university recognized that first-year students have poor study skills. It is believed that the best way to address this problem is to require all first-year students to take courses on study skills, while others don’t agree with this requirement. What is your opinion?

范文1：Argument 1 (for)

Some people may think that requiring first-year college students to take courses to improve study skills is a waste of time, but I think it is a good way to ensure that students can cope with the college’s requirements. If the students do not have the needed skills already, teaching them as a class is the most efficient method to bring students to the correct level and allow the regular classes to progress at a faster pace.

If students do not have the required study skills when they enter college, they probably are unable to learn those skills on their own. Students need to find appropriate resources for research, develop organizational skills to balance homework and test study time, and learn acceptable formats for writing papers and giving presentations. These are not naturally acquired traits. As with any other subject, it is easiest to learn these things when they are presented in a clear, logical way by a trained professor. If the skills are not taught, the student may not even know what is missing, so will never even think to find out on his or her own.

In addition to providing foundational skills, an introductory study skills class can highlight the special requirements of and opportunities available at the college. For example, my high school taught Chicago bibliography structure, and I thought I was ready for college. However, my college requires that all papers be written in APA format. I needed to learn the APA style, and a basic class would have been very useful. In addition, my college has a fantastic computer resource lab with programs for making charts and graphs with complex data. I did not even know the lab existed during my first year, something I could have learned in an orientation study course.

The result of having all students take a study skills class is clear: regular classes can progress more smoothly. The regular faculty does not have to waste time instructing on points such as APA format that should already be known to the students. The students will all be able to keep up because they are organized; class time is not wasted completing things that should already have been done. Students can finish projects using all the resources available rather than trying to solve a problem without the proper equipment.

Therefore, a college would be wise to require all first-year students to take a basic study skills course. The students can learn things they would not find out on their own, find out about resources at the college, and prepare for a smoother class experience.

to bring students to the correct level 使学生达到标准水准

These are not naturally acquired traits. 这不是自然习得的特征

as with X 正如X, 和X一样

foundational skill 基本技能

regular classes can progress more smoothly 普通课程可以进展地更顺利些

be able to keep up 能够跟得上

范文2：Argument 2 (against)

Requiring all first-year students to take an introductory study skills class is a waste of time and money for both the college and the students. It is not fair to advanced students who have alreadyinvested the time and energy to acquire good study skills, so an alternative program should be offered.

Although at first glance a study skills class may seem like a good idea, setting up such a course is a considerable investment for the institution. If all incoming students are required to take the class, many teachers and classrooms must be available for the program. For the program to be successful, the teaching materials should be consistent, so someone needs to develop the course and train the teachers in the best way to deliver the content. This investment of time, space and money could be better spent elsewhere.

Not only is a special class expensive for the university, it is also expensive for the students. Every student can only take a few classes per term, so making one of them a study requirement means that the student has less opportunity to pursue specialized classes needed to succeed in the working world after graduation. This investment of time and money is particularly unfair if the student already has the study skills necessary to do well. In fact, such a requirement might even make more advanced students consider attending a different university because they do not want to pay for something they do not need, lowering the overall level of student at the university.

A better alternative to a study skills class would be to provide each incoming student with a handbook listing the resources available at the school. Students who need extra training could go to a study lab with tutors or go to listed internet websites or chatrooms. Students can learn at their own pace and take advantage of whatever resources they need; students who do not need help are not held back in any way. The tutors could be upper-level students who are on a work-study program, which would cost the university significantly less than paying full-time professorial stafffor a special class.

Requiring all freshmen to take a study skills class is a waste of time and money for the students and institution, so it would be better to offer alternatives that target the specific skills that individual students need to learn.

invested the time and energy to do 投入时间和精力去做

an alternative program 备选方案

at first glance 乍一看

incoming students 即将入学的学生

the overall level of student 学生的整体水平

hold back 阻止,抑制

full-time professorial staff 全职教授级职员

托福写作模板：如何提升演讲能力

题目：

After your presentation, which way would you choose to identify your weakness and improve your presentation?

1) reviewing the recording on your own;

2) inviting your colleagues or classmates to make suggestions for improvement.

范文1：For Choice 1

To improve my performance after giving a presentation, it is best to review a recording of it by myself. This process lets me observe all aspects of the presentation, evaluate changes at my own pace, and avoid being defensive.

First, a video recording gives significantly more information than just relying on comments made by colleagues or classmates. I can analyze and improve on even small points that others may not have noticed or found worth mentioning. For example, a couple years ago, I gave a presentation that I had extensively prepared for. It had strong organization and flow. Classmates raved about the content, but mentioned that I looked scared. I was confused, because I had felt confident. However, I noticed in the video later that I was continually fingering my notes. For my next presentation, I placed the notes within view but did not hold them, rendering my appearance more professional.

Another reason I prefer watching a recording is my pace of learning. I can focus on the points I want to redo, replaying the material as often as I want, confirming even tiny details. In fact, I can even take long breaks to think about what I see or to try out alternate delivery styles. I do not have to inconvenience my friends by asking them for feedback or taking up their time. If others are involved in the evaluation process, I feel much more rushed because I do not want to bother people who have agreed to help me.

Finally, reviewing a recording by myself eliminates a serious problem that hinders progress: my pride. I do not like to admit it, but I often get defensive about feedback and want to explain why certain things happened. I feel resentful about negative comments rather than see them as stepping stones towards improvement. It is a natural tendency, but it definitely hinders my ability to assimilate outside feedback. Furthermore, friends try to be polite, so they may not mention minorpoints that I might have improved because they don’t want to seem too critical. Emotions get in the way of a thorough critique.

To improve my future performance, I find it best to review videos of my presentations by myself. I can evaluate all aspects of the presentation, take as much time as I need, and avoid the inevitable problem of emotional involvement swaying the critique.

at my own pace 按照自己的步伐走

rave about the content 对内容赞不绝口

place the notes within view 把笔记放在眼前,把笔记放在视线范围内

inconvenience my friends 麻烦我的朋友

take up their time 占用他们的时间

see them as stepping stones towards improvement 把它们看作是迈向进步的垫脚石

get in the way 妨碍,阻碍

范文2：For Choice 2

It is essential to get the feedback of people in the audience to learn about mistakes and improve on a presentation. Spectator critiques help identify the big picture and reveal points that you can’tsee in an honest, unbiased way.

No matter how impartial you want to be, a self-evaluation is biased. It incorporates points that are not relevant to the performance you gave. For example, you may think you did excellent given your limited practice time or great amount of stress, but your audience is unaware of these factors. The viewers only evaluate what they see, which is a far more accurate measure of a presentation. A self-evaluation may also ignore issues that were “just accidents.” However, such points may reallybe important detractors that need to be addressed.

People in the audience also provide insight into the big picture. They only have time to note specific glaring details or outstanding highlights. Otherwise, their feedback gives you the overallimpression of the performance, which is something intangible and essential to the presentation’ssuccess. If you compare the feedback of several observers, you can isolate the main patterns. As a result, you can understand the most important parts that need changed. If you only refer to a video on your own, you may get caught up changing minor details rather than addressing the key elements that are needed to alter the overall flow or lasting effect.

Finally, classmates or colleagues may identify things you take for granted such as mannerisms, repeated words, or even problems with visual aids. One example is a teacher who gave a presentation using an old slide projector that kept jamming. The teacher apologized when that happened and kept going with the lecture. He had no idea how distracting it was, to the point that students remembered joking about which slide would get stuck next better than they remembered the content. The teacher, however, was so used to fixing the projector that he barely noticed it. The feedback showed him the value of replacing his visual aids with newer equipment, an issue he had never considered was important.

Since an audience gives you honest evaluations of the overall impression of a presentation and identifies points you may not see on your own, it is important to get feedback from people in the audience in order to improve your presentations.

spectator critiques 旁观者的评论

in an honest, unbiased way 以诚实、公正的方式

a far more accurate measure of a presentation 对报告或展示一种更为准确的评价

provide insight into the big picture 洞察全局

glaring details 明显的细节

outstanding highlights 突出的亮点

visual aids 视觉辅助

主题句，顾名思义，向考官展示的是考生作文的主要意旨所以它在中间段落中的作用是至关重要的。通常主题句应该注意一下几点：

1.主题句必须是陈述句。有的考生想在写作中创新，于是采用反问句或者其他看似多样化的题目，然而这种多样性带来的后果是给考官观点不明确的印象，很自然地会影响到分数。

2.必须表明观点。如果考生把一句无关痛痒的话放在主题句的位置上，很显然无法表明自身观点。比如像“今天是晴天”这样的话没有表明观点;然而“今天是个好天气”就包含一种感情色彩在里面，给人一种立场明确的感觉。考生应该切记：没有反驳余地的就不可以作为主题句。

3.态度必须坚决。但是不能极端。

4.每段必须有主题句，理论上讲没有主题句是可以的，但是考场上不可以，没有主题就会浪费考官的时间去帮你总结主题，然而繁忙的考官是不会那么善良地去分析你的题目来抓取你的观点的。

托福独立写作主体段如何展开?

至于中间段落的展开(development)则需要大家学习积累一些常用的段落展开方法，比如举例法、比较法、因果法等。

托福独立写作主体段的高分写法细节注意事项就为大家介绍到这里，大家如果想要提升作文成绩却不得其法，那么本文内容应该能够提供一些指点和参考。

托福写作模板:环境

托福独立写作题目：

Some people believe that the Earth is being harmed (damaged) by human activity. Others feel that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

托福写作模板及参考答案：

托福写作参考范文：

People have been living on the Earth for thousands of years. Human activity influences the Earth. Some people believe that the Earth is being harmed by human activity. Others feel that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live. In my opinion， the earth is being damaged by human activity. There are many statements supporting my opinion.

Human activity has damaged natural environment and almost exausted natural resources. Modern industry needs more and more resources， including minerals， fuels and water. So we confront of the serious problems such as the lack of fuels and water. Ecological balance is damaged because factories occupy many places where animals and plants live. More and more buildings are constructed and forests become less and less. If we cannot recognize these problems and solve them soon， we would finally lose the environment suitable for our living.

An other serious problem is “the green-house effect.” Human activity decreases forests and increases the usage of fuels so that the gas of carbon dioxide is output more and more and there are not enough plants to absorb it. The green-house effect is more obvious and more sensible these years. Due to the effect， icebergs in the south polar and north polar melt and the sea level becomes higher than before. I am worried about the cities nearby the sea and hope scientists find an effective method to eliminate the green-house effect.

Although we have advanced machines and our life seems more comfortable than before， we have less chances to approach natures and less spaces to act. The cities become bigger and if we want to have a picnic with our friends， we have to drive a long distance to find a natural place. In fact， the spaces of human activity are being damaged by the skyscrapers and factories.

From the above statements， we can conclude that human activity brings the Earth many damages. Fortunately people have recognized the point and I believe that the Earth will become a better place to live with our ceaseless efforts.

托福写作模板:政府为民众免费提供互联网服务

The government should offer internet access to all of citizens at no cost.

点睛

题目大意：政府应该为民众免费提供互联网服务。此题较为简单，思路也有很多。建议选择不同意，即认为政府不应该为民众免费提供互联网服务，因为一方面会加重政府的财政负担，另一方面会让更多人上网成瘾，进一步疏远人际关系。

托福写作模板及参考答案：

托福写作范文参考:

With the advent of internet, people in growing numbers are getting addicted to logging onto the internet out of various purposes, which has aroused deeply social concern. Therefore, the issue of whether the bills of using the Internet should be paid by the government or the users themselves has been open to debate. In my opinion, it is more reasonable to require the individuals to cover the fee of internet usage, with the reasons as follows.

To begin with, the users of the internets are supposed to pay the bills in order to relieve the financial burden of government. With the popularization of the internet, the number of people going online every day has increased to a lot, which means that the money spent on the internet is tremendous. Such a large sum of money can do nothing but occupy a great propotion of the governmental expenditure, thus cutting down on the investment of government on other more pressing fields like improving the public transportation and eradicating the poverty. By contrast, if the fee of internet usage comes from the wallet of the individual, the situation will become totally different. To illustrate, the abundant financial resources of government saved by this practice can better facilitate the economic development and render the life of the mass more convenient and comfortable.

In addition, requiring the individuals to pay for the bill of internet access will help to establish better social relationship between people. As is common sense, with the wide application of electronic devices boosted by easy access to the internet, people especially younsters are indulged in the cyber or virtual world created by the social network and various Apps on the cell phone. Consequently, it is not uncommon to observe that when a group of white collars sit at a table in a restaurant waiting for their meals, they watch the screen of their smart phones instead of interacting with the guys near them, which greatly alienates the bond between them. In this case, the free use of internet will aggravate this situation to a large extent. However, if the fee of the internet usage is covered by the individuals instead of the government, many people will be reduce their time spent in surfing the internet in order to save money. As a result, the face-to-face communication will become more frequent and thus the closer and more intimate relationship between people will be set up.

Factoring the above listed reasons, it is safe to conclude that the government should not offer internet access to all of citizens at no cost, in order to relieve financial burden of the government and to build a better rapport between people.

Transitional words主要有以下三种，即表顺序：firstly, secondly, finally (last but notleast);表并列：besides, in addition;表对比：in contrast, incomparison。这些衔接词会让文章看起来脉络清晰，组织严密，也就做到了评分标准中的“well-organized”一条。

主题句，顾名思义，向考官展示的是考生作文的主要意旨所以它在中间段落中的作用是至关重要的。通常主题句应该注意一下几点：

3.态度必须坚决。但是不能极端。

托福独立写作主体段如何展开?

至于中间段落的展开(development)则需要大家学习积累一些常用的段落展开方法，比如举例法、比较法、因果法等。

托福独立写作文章结构如何安排?常见问题及高分思路分享

托福独立写作总分总结构很LOW吗?

托福独立写作到底应该写4段还是5段?

托福独立写作合理结构分配建议

托福考试作文范例：父母应代替少年儿童作决定吗

托福考试作文题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenage children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

托福考试作文参考分析：

表明立场：这样的做法有一定的道理。支持这样的做法的理由：older teenage children还不够成熟(immature)，考虑不够周全(inconsiderate)，尤其涉及到经济相关的决定时，缺乏独立承担能力(incapable of being independent)。然而，“如何保证parents或者adult relatives所作的决定就是正确的”也是个问题。另外，总是把孩子排除在决定权之外，是否会使孩子变得“没能力做出任何决定”?the ability to make sound decision是人生道路上很重要的能力之一。

托福考试作文范文：

The issue of whether parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their teenage children arouses much controversy among people with different perspectives and backgrounds. Some people believe the statement is legitimate, because children are not mature and have not enough experiences to determine the optimal choice. On the other hand, people claim that nobody can control other's life even their parents. People should be responsible for their own behaviors and determine their lives. As far as I am concerned, I would like to refute the former and support the latter. In the following discussing, I would like to address some evidence to substantiate my point of view.

In the first place, the most important reason for me to choose this position is that old teenagers have their own thoughts and ideas. The fact that the thoughts of children are not perfect and logical does not mean their parents have right to eliminate their decision without considering the children's intentions. In the era of rapid social and technological changes leading to increasing life complexity and psychological displacement, the good decision in parents' time would be out of data.

In the second place, the job of parents is not to make decision for their children, but to help them to choose. In this period of 15 to 18 year-old children, they are always radical. If their parents make decisions instead of themselves, they will not obey these decisions. Parents had better told their kids about their opinions, worries and experiences as friends. Give much more room for their kids to think and decide. Respect and believe their kids will choose the better one and will face the result directly.

In sum, considering the aforementioned reasons I support the statement that older teenagers had better make decisions by themselves. Admittedly, our parents are our best and most early teacher. They would give us more important advices to help us choose the best decision.

托福考试作文范例：出国留学经历的利弊分析

托福考试作文题目：

The independent essay usually asks for your opinion about a familiar topic. You will have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your response. Typically, a good essay for the independent topic will require that you write 300–350 words.

Question:

You are planning to study abroad. What do you think you will like and dislike about this experience? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

托福考试作文参考分析：

本题要求考生通过定位，概括和分类仔细审题，就某个问题写一篇感想，或就一个事件进行阐述，解释以及论证自己的观点，列出提纲明确主题并围绕主题来写作和修改文章。

托福考试作文范文：

My mother once told me that she could always find my eyes shining at the mention of going abroad for further education. There is no denying the fact that I have strong desire of my oversea trip and have planed of it for a long period since I began my high school time. In fact, I am only a typical example of those young students who have the some dream. A result of recent survey, released by a famous magazine in my hometown showed that more than 72 percent local high school students has pleasant association with studying abroad. Anyway, such decisions can benefit a young man a great deal while it is not without its problems.

Will oversea colleges and universities, especially those in America, provide Chinese student a more refined education? The data I select over this year leads to me believe that the answer is undoubtedly positive, since those abroad universities, which enjoy high reputations world-widely, have faculty and advanced facility. It is the education with totally different conceptions that will exert positively influence on one by widening his or her horizon, whereby he/she can put him/herself in a favorable position in the future job markets.

Secondly, which is another conspicuous advantage of the oversea life, it can bring one friends from a variety of countries. Seldom can one have an adjust judgement to a remote nation without consorting with the people from that area. As my cousin, who has been living in England for over seven years, pointed out, she learns a lot from her foreign friends.

However, we immature students should be blind to the dilemma we may face toward in the future. Living in a foreign country means one should try hard to adapt him/herself to a new environment and, in addition, probably have to suffer from the segregation with family.

After the both sides of abroad life are viewed, it is time to draw my conclusion. In short, the study in a foreign university will be a precious experience to a young man as long as he/she can overcome the difficulty he/she may encounter.

托福综合写作文章结构分析

综合写作因为有个reading 可以参考所以很好写，只要记下了listening里的要点，再依次呈现即可。

开篇：一句话，说明reading 和listening是有明显不同的。

中间段：每一段一个点，论述reading 和listening的不同。

结尾段：不用写。

独立写作的结构较为复杂，我们从第一段开始。

开头段，请分为三句话。background statement描述背景，opinions描述两边的观点。topic 表达我自身的观点。我个人喜欢用一边倒的方式写托福作文，当然中立观点也能写。在topic段落中，除了表达观点，我建议把接下来会使用的论点全都用一两个词概括出来，总领全文。这样写下来，大概是80个字。

接下来就是中间段了。对于一边倒式的文章，建议写三个中间段，每一段70个字。第一个中间段赞颂反方论点，说它怎么怎么好，随后一个转折，后两个中间段各阐述一个自己的观点。一段只讲一个论点，一个论点必须在一段话中完成。对于持中立型的文章，建议分成两段，各100字。在每一个段落中，阐述两个支撑论点。这样一来，无论是一边倒还是持中立，我们都要完成200字左右的阐述，并且正反兼顾。

结尾段，20到40字，用一句固定的话可以直接完成。

我们的目标是在独立写作时，拿到题目立刻开始写开头段，在无脑写作开头段的过程中想出论点，并在开头段结尾处概括出来，接下来用中间段给予论述。最后无脑写结尾段。

托福写作解析:Eat out or eat at home

托福写作题目：

Topic：Eat out or eat at home?

Some people prefer to eat at food stands or restaurants. Other people prefer to prepare and eat food at home. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

参考分析：

不要急于做出选择，先进行比较，然后根据情况选择：

去餐馆或者吃快餐的优缺点：方便、快捷、多种口味;昂贵、卫生可能得不到保障、快餐使人发胖;

在家吃饭的优缺点：干净、可以做出自己喜欢的口味、节省、与家人和朋友共同准备实物很开心;花费时间、可能做的没有餐馆那么好吃;

在不同的情况下会有不同的选择。周末休息应该跟家人在家里吃饭。与老朋友久别重逢应该找一家安静的餐馆……

范文：

选择在饭馆吃饭：

(1)节省时间，自己做饭很麻烦;

(2)能够品尝各种各样的美食;

(3)能够促进和朋友的感情。

Nowadays, some people like to eat at home and prepare food by themselves, but others prefer to eat outside in restaurants or at food stands. As far as I am concerned, I prefer to eat at home.(标准式开头，先阐述现今社会状况，再表达个人观点，开门见山)

Of course there are some advantages to eat out. Firstly, restaurants offer a more comfortable environment to eat and the food there tastes more delicious than home-cooked meals. In addition, eating at restaurants is a good way of getting together with friends. People also do not need to worry about washing dishes and cleaning. For people who are too busy to cook, eating out is certainly an ideal(理想的)choice. Furthermore, for people do not know how to cook and do not have someone to cook for them, eat out seems to be the only choice.(本段是让步段，先讲在外吃的好处一个是舒适的环境美味的食物，另一个是给不会做饭和不知做饭给谁的人提供吃饭的条件)

However, I prefer to cook and eat and home. The main reason is that at home, family members can prepare their meals and enjoying their food together, which can enhance their relationships. Family members can talk, make jokes and exchange feelings on current affairs with each other while preparing a meal. Parents have a chance to communicate with their kids and keep track of what they are thinking and doing; while children can learn to help with some household tasks and develop intimacy(与父母增进感情)with their parents. Image that you and your brothers and sisters help your mother to cook on a weekend, and enjoy the food later on(稍后), and you feel everything is so nice.(这是第一段论述在家吃好处是可以与家人增进感情种.种，以自己为例子显得生动可信)

Another reason is that eating at home can save money. The same amount of money that you spend on a meal in a restaurant can buy a lot more foods from a supermarket. You can use the money saved to buy a new cloth, or attend a concert.(本段是从经济方面来论述在家吃确实可行)

General speaking, eating out side is comfortable and convenient but eating at home has more benefits. I prefer to eat at home.(这篇文章是标准的议论文结构，没有特别华丽的语言，但是结构清晰论述完整，没有语法错误，这也是保分的必要条件)

托福作文：深度分析高分写作的关键要素

独立作文题目

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Students now are more interested in politics than those in the past.

With the globalization of the whole world(万能开头稍显弱，还有whole world这种画蛇添足的词汇，难道后面要分part world写?), politics are playing a more important role nowadays, both domestically and internationally. Thus, I agree that students have more interests in this area than those in the past for two reasons.

First, the advanced technology, such as high-speed Internet, multi-media and smart mobile phone(什么是smart mobile phone，难道有smart phone不能mobile吗?), allows more students access to the politics events. The technology lay an essential foundament(是foundation吧) for students to keep in touch with those activities. For example, the presidency competition between Hiliton and Trump is getting more dramatic. Lots students(Lots是败笔) would watch the TV argument between them by phone, portable computer(什么是portable computer，专业一点就是laptop和ipad吧) and so on(等等等等……考官看中国考生文章会出现无数so on，审美疲劳有没有). They could even(上下句之间有even的递进关系吗，不明显) watch the live program as they are waiting for a bus, share their opinions on the internet while they are in the washroom and hear the speech in their car driving home. Therefore, the convincing efficiency and entertainment attract more and more(这篇作文good肯定是没戏了) students to focus on this politic event. However, students in the past even don't know how to watch the program(神转折，脑子里想的和表达出来的完全不是一个意思，过去的孩子怎么就不知道看电视节目了!他们又不是弱智!是没电视节目看!是没方便的途径!是However, students in the past lack the plentiful sources to approach politics compared with their counterparts nowadays的意思对伐).

Moreover, the more open, transparent and friendly(堆这么多形容词……哎!请注意言之有物!) politic atmosphere provide a great chance for modern students to got involved(时态错了) in these politic activities. Take China for an example(有这种惯用表达吗，我们不是莎士比亚), students beyond 18 years old have the right to vote for political members, like chairman of the students union, which were used to be nominated by school in the past without permitting students to decide who they support and are supposed to be chairman(亲，这么长一句话知道自己在写什么吗?扣分句). This right just inspire the student to choose their own president(这么草草收尾，这论证有点意识流啊!).

In a conclusion, the advanced equipments and the openess to ordinary studentsthe bring more students to join in the politic events(这什么意思?什么叫openess to ordinary students?难道还有special students?是不是想说More students are willing to talk about even participate in political events by the help of advanced technologies and increasing civic attitudes toward politics.).

(计时写作，全文274词)

这篇习作拿到托福考试中，很难达到GOOD要求，通俗讲就是 “ 亲，不谈论证逻辑，不扯思维深度，就是语言，哥读的有点累啊，有地方要脑补啊，很多句子连不上啊!”

那么一篇good标准的独立文章长什么样?还是以该题目为例，不改变上文的立场，不颠覆上文逻辑，尽量保持思维角度的一致性，仅从语言和论证严谨度来修改一下，计时创作一篇。

An intriguing phenomenon occurring on and around campus nowadays is that students are more interested in politics than ever before. It is frequent to hear students talking about Obama Care or the latest Presidential Campaign in the United States when dinning in the cafeteria ,say like, Havard or MIT nowadays.

To elaborate, technological advancements improve the readiness of politic access. In the past, society communicates in the form of letters, newspapers and radios with comparatively low efficiency and little convenience. For example, huge political events in China like the escape of once vice-president Lin Biao would not have gotten the attention of American students until many days even weeks later after VOA or CNN have broadcasted it. Even those American students have noticed the incredible political event from newspaper or radio, they have no source to check all the details from Chinese students or friends due to the information barrier between the two countries. In addition, students in the past only shape their perspectives on a political event through authority publications, causing bias in viewing the issue. However, students today can capture every piece of information, political and non-political, just at the time it goes on even on the other side of the globe and receive multiply sources of opinions from government perspective to public statements by the help of the internet, the invention of smart phones and other mobile devices, thanks to the advancement of multi-media technology. These new equipments connecting by the internet makes a strong and close relationship -- “Information Globalization”-- which shattered info barriers and make even the tiniest voice matter. For example, recently in China there is a breaking news that the wife of ChongQing city's mayor, Bo Gukailai, has been prosecuted for causing the death of a British businessman in Beijing. In the past, these “higher class” news will be soon concealed by authorities. But now, students from all over the country can learn about the event only a few hours after “rumors” spread quickly through Wechat or Weibo which left no room for public authority to “hide” any truth but to make a formal announcement and explain the situation.

Also, the spirit of democracy is indeed growing its power not only in developed countries like US but also in developing countries like China even in undeveloped areas. Chinese students are under great supervision and monitoring in the past. As a result, college students are not permitted to talk about political figures or discuss central government policies. Of course, you can “whisper” in the dark, but you know the influence for that. But now, students are free to claim their thoughts about anything and everything even expressing very extreme ideas about politics on the internet just by click a “send” button in Wechat or any similar social APP. At least from what I know, nobody is getting arrested by talking or discussing politics which is so called “the forbidden zone” in the past.

Admittedly, students in schools have little social experiences and usually come up with unrealistic conclusions or solutions about social problems or political events. But it doesn't hurt much to allow students to show bigger interest about it. After all, who rules the next century is always an issue of time, so encouraging students to enroll and learn politics is probably a question of “sooner rather than later” which might be a better way to look at it.

(计时写作，全文556词)

当我们回头去思考托福写作如何获得高分满分的时候?

Is it about the template you would use in test? Is it about fancy words you paraphrase in article? Or is it about something meaningful with correct vocabulary and precise expression throughout the writing? In a word, make sure what you've written MAKES SENSE and let the scorer feel EFFORTLESSwhen glimpsing it through!

高分写作不完全靠背模板，也不完全是抄范文(当然这些都有帮助)，真正的高分满分托福作文要 “ 多读书多看报少吃零食多睡觉 ”。

写作和口语不能闭门造车瞎逼练，否则会永远犯同样的错误，建议各位考生要么背诵地道的英文词句表达，要么找托福口语写作老师陪练(主要是修改习作)，这些反馈可能比写多少“机经”都重要，至少节省钻进死胡同重复犯错的时间!

As the technology of public transportation keeps advancing, more citizens can choose to dwell in the cities that are beneficial to their own development. Inevitably, there occurs a controversy whether moving to a new city or country will lead to the rupture of relationship among friends. From my perspective, I think the statement is not sensible.

Firstly, moving to a new country or city will not result in the loss of old friends. To be more specific, the maintenance of friendship doesn’t lie in how far they live with each other and the development of technology has diversified the ways of interacting with friends. The invention of cellphones break the shackles caused by distance and overseas students can choose to communicate with their family members and friends through a variety of Apps like WeChat that makes video calls possible. Except for that, by looking at the pictures popping up all over the social media like Facebook, people can easily capture what is happening to their friends. For instance, my friend Selina took selfie in the Sydney Opera House a week ago and I would learn that she was having fun in the Australia with her picture posted on the Instagram. Therefore, a wide range of advanced electronic gadgets can be used to sustain friendship.

Moreover, instead of losing old friends, city migrants can even enlarge their social circles and achieve more success. Restricted in a city for a long period, people may be trapped in a situation that would block their development and they can gain refreshing experience while immigrating to a new city. My friend of Mine named Michael served as a Market Analyst in a renewed company in Beijing. However, he couldn’t see any progress in recent years and then an opportunity comes out. Because of his five-year working experience, a foreign trade cooperation tried to recruit him as the Market Analyst because the firm was planning to start a new program. Then he grasped the chance and earn a challenging life that he likes even though he was required to work in Shanghai. Our relationship have not experienced any interruption and his strong ability of being adapted to the new environment helps him to make lots of new friends. Accordingly, moving to a new city can, occasionally, help to break the deadlock in our professions.

Admittedly, it can be sensible that friends can be estranged owing to the long distance with each other. Specifically speaking, the chances to meet with each other will be limited a lot. However, as I just put, for one thing, people can talk with each other through various social network software. For another thing, the distance between cities is not a problem anymore since there have been many public transportation tools like the high-speed trains and airplanes that will lead us to anyplace we try to go in a very short period.

In a word, moving to a new city or a new country is good choice under some circumstance. Besides, the highly developed technology can help to strengthen the relations with our friends and the possibilities of living a different life and achieving success can both explain why I stand by the statement that it is a good thing to move.

托福写作模板:如何提升社区环境

9月3日托福独立写作真题：

What is the most useful action for people to help environment in their local communities?

1. Plant trees and create parks

2. Persuade local shops to stop providing plastic bags for consumers

3. Increase access to public transportation (such as buses and trains), and reduce the automobiles on roads

托福写作范文参考:

209月3日托福独立写作范文：

With the sense of community becoming much stronger, how to protect the environment of local communities has never failed to attract the attention of the general public. Therefore, when it comes to which is the most feasible measure to help environment, among planting trees and building parks, encouraging local shops to stop using plastic bags, and improving public transportation, people's notions may vary from one to another. Towards such a long-running tug-of-war, I am inclined to claim that the first option is the best.

Firstly, growing trees and constructing parks can definitely help to ameliorate the environment. For one thing, more trees will contribute to the improvement of the air quality of the whole neighborhood. As is common sense, the prosperous industrial development has produced large amounts of waste gas, with the result that the haze and smoggy weather shroud quite frequently the major cities in our country. The current air condition necessitates the planting of trees, which can purify the contaminated air to a large extent. In other words, trees, the lung of the earth, play a vital role in absorbing some harmful gas and producing more fresh air through photosynthesis. For another, the public parks can be helpful to increase the biodiversity of the local community. Accompanying the rapid urbanization, an increasing number of natural lands have been utilized for constructing factories, shopping mall and skyscrapers, which greatly diminishes the natural habitats of animals, such as birds and squirrels. In this case, parks become the only place which can serve as habitats for those animals. Accordingly, the species of animals living here can become more diverse.

In addition, there are certain limitations for the other two options. Admittedly, reducing the use of plastic bags and making public transportation more accessible may also be conducive to the environmental protection in some degrees. To illustrate, if the plastic bags are prohibited, the so-called white pollution will be relieved. Also, easier access to public transportation means less use of private cars, which leads to the reduction of car exhaust. However, in comparison to planting trees and building parks, the above two measures enjoy less popularity among the residents of the community and thus are unlikely to be implemented. The underlying reason is that growing trees and constructing parks can create a more comfortable living environment while the other two choices can bring about more inconvenience. To be more specific, if shops stop the use of plastic shopping bags, the customers have to take a cloth bag while shopping. Also, taking public transportation will take longer time than driving the private cars, which means that commuters have to get up much earlier than before. It is self-evident that whether a policy can be carried out directly determines its effect, which is especially true of the above situation.

Taking what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that the most effective way of protecting environment in local communities is to plant trees and create parks.

托福写作模板:了解跟你观点相反的人更重要

年8月27日托福独立写作题目

It is more important to read and watch news presented by people whose opinion is different from your own view than by people whose opinion are similar to yours.

托福写作范文参考:

想要用好一个词汇，大家要做的第一件事是了解这个词汇的准确定义，disadvantage的定义是a quality or condition that puts something or someone in an unfavorable or inferior position compared to others. 这里需要注意的是compared to others这个细节部分，也就是说这个词是用来对比的，换句话说，很多时候所谓的disadvantage其实都是相对而说的，如果没有对比对象，那么这个词汇也是不能随意使用的，它和shortcome还是存在一定区别的。

1. disadvantage of sth.

这个用法应该是disadvantage比较常见的一个用法了，也就是某件事的缺点坏处，来看下面这些例句：

a. The disadvantage of living in the countryside is the poor quality of education.

b. One disadvantage of living in the countryside is the poor quality of education.

c. One of the disadvantages of living in the countryside is the poor quality of education.

需要注意的是，disadvantage of sth.的用法最好用在句首部分，如果是虚词结构(expletive construction)的句式比如There is/are之类的句子，就不要再直接接上disadvantage of sth.了，否则这种句子读上去很不自然，一般老外是不会这么写的，比如下面这几个句子，中国考生可能看不出什么问题，但老外考官读起来说不定就不太舒服了：

a. There are many disadvantages to living in the countryside.

b. There are many disadvantages in living in the countryside.

2. at a disadvantage

这个用法是在进行明显对比时候会经常用到的一个搭配用法，而且经常搭配一些特定形容词来体现对比差异，比如和competitive, clear, distinct这类词汇放在一起，比如：

a. At a clear disadvantage

b. At a distinct disadvantage

c. At a competitive disadvantage

当然这种用法并不只是放在句首，也可以放在句子当中或者句尾部分，基本句式如下：

a. ___ (something) puts/places ___ (someone or something) at a disadvantage.

b. ___ (someone or something) is at a disadvantage.

上面两个句式再各给大家两个例句参考一下：

a. His lack of formal education puts him at a clear disadvantage in the business world.

b. The new tariff policy will place my company at a competitive disadvantage in the marketplace.

c. You'll be at a disadvantage playing tennis against someone as skilled as Jimmy.

d. Children from poor families are at a distinct disadvantage in education.

3. to one’s disadvantage

disadvantage和介词的另一个实用搭配就是to one’s disadvantage了，这个搭配的意思也很简单，就是某件事给某个人造成了一些困难，常用句式有三个，句中句末都有，大家来了解一下：

___ (something) is to ___(one’s) disadvantage =

___ (something) works to ___(one’s) disadvantage =

___ (something) puts ___(someone) at a disadvantage

看过句式以后如果还是不会用可以再来读一读实际例句：

a. My lack of formal education is to my disadvantage in the business world.

b. I hope my lack of experience won't be to my disadvantage.

c. It is to your disadvantage to not take this opportunity.

d. The new tariff policy will work to our disadvantage.

4. disadvantage形容词disadvantageous怎么用?

说完了disadvantage本身，下面再讲一个根据这个词拓展出来的形容词disadvantageous的用法，这个词的基本定义是不利的，可以直接使用，比如：

a. We have to resell the property at a disadvantageous time.

b. Minority groups find themselves in a disadvantageous position.

而除了直接使用外，它也有比较常见的用法搭配，也就是be disadvantageous to，来看实例：

a. Living off campus is disadvantageous to students.

b. The company believes the new regulation is disadvantageous to the growth of its business.

5. disadvantage形容词disadvantaged用法介绍

除了disadvantageous以外，disadvantage还有另一个比较常见的形容词形式，那就是disadvantaged，这个词和disadvantageous的意思有很大区别，一般是指因为缺少某些东西(比如金钱或是教育等)而弱势的或是社会地位较低的，比如：

a. Research shows that men from disadvantaged backgrounds experience lower rates of marriage.

b. Nowadays employers are reaching beyond their usual networks and hire more people from disadvantaged populations.

c. Aborigines are the most disadvantaged ethnic group in Australia.

d. Scholarships, grants, and financial aid make studying abroad affordable for disadvantaged students.

而因为其含义，这个词汇也常和economically以及socially搭配在一起使用，比如：

a. Research shows economically disadvantaged children enter school with less developed cognitive skills than their peers..

b. In addition to higher smoking prevalence, socially disadvantaged workers smoke more heavily and are less successful in quitting smoking compared to other workers.

托福写作：题库范文附思路解析

1. A plant that Is important in your country

Plants can provide food, shelter, clothing, or medicine. What is one kind of plant that is important to you or the people in your country? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.

『分析』

比如松树。是北方最普遍的树种;

也是做家具的最主要材料;

松子是很好的食品;

松脂也有很多用处

相关题目：[152]

『范文』

China's culture has always had an intimate relationship with nature. This can be seen in many aspects of Chinese culture, from herbal medicines to intricate Chinese gardens. I believe that the most important plant in my culture is bamboo. Bamboo can be a source of nutrition, it can be used to build many things, from baskets to houses, and it has a large influence on history and arts in China.

First and foremost, bamboo is a popular food in our country. Many people will add bamboo to their meals for its delicious flavor and nutritional value. Many animals also enjoy bamboo, the most famous being the Giant Panda. This bear is nearing extinction, and if the natural sources of bamboo were to disappear, the Panda would surely disappear from the world. In addition to being a source of food, bamboo has healing qualities as well. It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to relieve asthma, coughs, and gall bladder disorders.

Bamboo is a very versatile material that can be used to make numerous different items. It has been used in China for thousands of years to make baskets for carrying items, and for constructing buildings. Bamboo grows very, very quickly, and therefore, there is always a steady supply available for our consumption. It has also been used to make fans, furniture, and clothing. Finally, bamboo is very important in the literary and artistic arenas in China, and has been since the first writings were recorded. Bamboo has been used in many Chinese arts: it has been used as a metaphor in literature; it has been used in the making of instruments and artistic implements, such as the bamboo flute or Chinese brushes.

It is a prevalent theme in both visual and literary arts. In conclusion I posit that bamboo plays a significant role in the life and culture of Chinese people. It provides food and shelter, and is also a prominent symbol in the artistic world. The Chinese believe that bamboo brings good luck, which proves their admiration and fondness of this particular plant.

156. A foreign country you would like to visit You have the opportunity to visit a foreign country for two weeks. Which country would you like to visit?

Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.

『分析』

有个学生很聪明。告诉我说，在考场上，他假装自己是美国人，对中国非常感兴趣，所以就有很多话说(中国人怎能不了解中国呢!)，所以6分。像这样的题目，一定要在平时练习的时候查一些资料，否则到了考场上肯定没话可说。

『范文』

The world is a vast and varied place. One could travel for a decade without seeing all of the sights the world has to offer. However, if I could travel anywhere in the world for two weeks, it would be Canada. Canada is a very beautiful country and it has a varied culture. Also, I am considering going to university in Canada, so it would be good for me to see what it is like before application.

Canada boasts that it is one of the most beautiful countries in the world. In particular, Vancouver is very beautiful. The city is located right on the ocean, and there are enormous snow-tipped mountains surrounding the entire city. There are a multitude of beautiful parks to walk through, and very nice beaches. Vancouver, however, is not the only beautiful city in Canada. All across the country there are small, picturesque towns located on mountains and valleys. In general, Canada is an incredibly clean country, which also helps its beauty.

Canada also has a widely varied culture. Most people say the cultural apex of the country is in Montreal. This is one of the oldest cities in Canada, first colonized by the French. As such, the French influence is still quite prevalent in this city, and over half of the people living there speak both English and French. The architecture in Montreal is also quite beautiful.

The final reason why I would love to spend a two-week vacation in Canada is because I am considering attending one of the universities there for my bachelor's degree. I think that it would be an excellent idea to go see the school, and perhaps even meet some of the professors that teach the courses I am interested in. It Would also be beneficial for me to meet other students. By doing this, I could find out how good the programs at the school are, and if it is worthwhile to move across the world for.

2. Studying at home by using technology or at traditional schools?

In the future, students may have the choice of studying at home by using technology such as computers or television or of studying at traditional schools. Which would you prefer? Use reasons and specific details to explain your choice.

『分析』

选择在学校读书。可以列举众多的好处。不要忘了提及远程教育的一点好处，比如，SARS流行时期，北京就不得不开展远程教育。

『范文』

The technology industry is growing at a faster rate as each year passes by. With a relatively inexpensive computer and a web camera, it is now possible for one to have a videoconference with one's friends and colleagues. Students will soon be presented with the opportunity to study from home. However, I believe that attending a traditional school is greatly preferable to learning in a virtual classroom. Traditional schools allow the student to socialize, they give the student direct access to the teacher, and they prepare the student for the environment of the working world.

Many people say that they met their best friends while attending high school. These friendships were solidified over spending hours and hours in the same classrooms together, and working together on group projects. While it is conceivable that students studying from home would meet each other over the Internet, the bonds that are formed in classrooms cannot be replaced. Forming personal relationships with one's teachers is also an excellent idea that would be difficult to realize if one did not attend classes. Most of our relationships with our teachers are formed by interaction both in the classroom, and outside it. For example, if a student was constantly at school, either working in the library, or perhaps eating lunch in the cafeteria, it is more than possible that he/she would converse with his/her teachers on many occasions. Developing a relationship with one's teacher is important as it helps one to build his/her business network.

Traditional schools also have the advantage of training students for “the real world.” If a student never has to work with others on a project, or report to his/her teachers, he/she will not have a very good grasp as to what it means to work in a team environment or respect authority. The way that school operates forces students to develop these important skills.

In conclusion, I think it would be much more beneficial for all students to attend traditional schools rather than study at home. Attending a school helps students to develop the necessary social skills needed to survive in today's fast-pace world.

把握好文章写作思路

怎样发展成为一篇逻辑性很强的文章呢下面为大家介绍一些实战做法。

1.首先应该审题，尤其关注作文题目中的绝对性词汇。

比如：Improving school is most important factor to sucessful development of country. 看到most ，我们自然想到用他因法。

2.其次用20秒的时间，整理脑中所有能用的素材，让这些素材称为支持你段落的骨架，然后开始确定段落的论点。

3.尽量使你的语言句式丰富一些。

形式主语，主动，被动，动名词To do作主语，倒装句，there be，以及强调句等等。特别强调一点，为了使你文章的逻辑清晰可见，要使用逻辑连接词。

4.把握好过渡词的使用，和适当的论述方法完善你的作文，使之成为一个逻辑整体。

论述方法：条件(假设)法，比如：if 我按照论点那样做，就能cause siginificant effects，除了用if，还能有with, when, only through + 方式+倒装等。

新托福独立作文的写作是讲究技巧的，只要把一篇作文的条理理顺，再用自己的语言组织论点和论据，丰富文章的内容，然后再稍加注意一下措辞，那么，拿到高分也不是那么困难了。

把握好托福独立写作重要的因素

托福独立作文最重要的因素是什么?当然是论点和论证。一篇好的作文，论点可以提纲挈领，论证可以丰富文章内容。

由于考试时间的限制，很多英语程度好的学生也会出现一些问题。比如说一个学生对作文的论点言之凿凿，但就是写不出东西，或是写不出令自己满意的句子。所以，上考场前，脑中一定要装一些东西，好的例子，好的句子等。

这里强调论据的重要性，不是忽视逻辑和论点的重要性。相反，只要你能够掌握一些万能的论据，对你谋划全篇的结构，以及段落发展，是有好处的。

论据的准备也可以称为素材，可以多去亦鸥看看小伙伴们的写作，这种素材可以是一个短语，一个人名，或是一个完整的例子。这种例子能够辅佐你的乱点，能够画龙点睛。

仿写也是提高作文的一大法宝，可以找到亦鸥考友们的高分作文来进行仿写。仿写的目的是提升语言，不求语言华丽，但求语言要地道。

怎样发展成为一篇逻辑性很强的文章呢?下面为大家介绍一些实战做法：

1.首先应该审题，尤其关注作文题目中的绝对性词汇。

比如：Improving school is most important factor to sucessful development of country. 看到most ，我们自然想到用他因法。

2.其次用20秒的时间，整理脑中所有能用的素材，让这些素材称为支持你段落的骨架，然后开始确定段落的论点。

3.把握好过渡词的使用，和适当的论述方法完善你的作文，使之成为一个逻辑整体。

论述方法：条件(假设)法，比如：if 我按照论点那样做，就能cause siginificant effects，除了用if，还能有with, when, only through + 方式+倒装等。

4.尽量使你的语言句式丰富一些。

形式主语，主动，被动，动名词To do作主语，倒装句，there be，以及强调句等等。特别强调一点，为了使你文章的逻辑清晰可见，要使用逻辑连接词。

1，要与论题相匹配。论题问的既然是提高生活质量与否，一些无关紧要的改变就应该弃之不用，比如烹调时间缩短这一项改变，是事实，且未对生活质量有直接明显影响，就应该避免用作主要论点。

2，要能言之有物。这是再功利不过的一条标准。比如我自己提到了食物准备时间缩短能让人性情改变，破题时觉得不无可能，真落笔时却不知道由何说起，如果选了这一条为一个主要论点，结果是我说了一句话就走人，那还不如选个能下笔，能展示语言功底，也能显示思维缜密的写作方向。

3，选择的无论是2个还是3个论点，内在一定要有联系。这其实是整个立意阶段的重头。要立意，就是要明白自己表达的对象是什么，明确立场。然后站在这个立场上，挑选支持自己的论点。

托福写作破题结束后，第二要做的重要事项便是整理行文思路。破题过程其实是个发散思维的过程，而立意，则是要把思维收回来，组织化，理清它的脉络纹路，让他们按照自认为最有说服力的顺序排列好，准备落于纸上的过程。这个说服力的强弱，应该以什么标准判断呢-笔者认为，能说服读者的议论，在论点选择上应该遵循一个原则：三个(或者两个)论点不能在层面上有交叉，但要符合一条明线：支持全文观点。而最打动读者的论点选择，不仅遵循上面的原则，三个看似不交叉的论点间还有一条暗线贯穿一致。令全文浑然天成，回味无穷。

立意的地一步，按照上面的原则看，当然是先确定观点。以题目为例，笔者愿意选择否，食物易于准备降低了人们的生活质量。第一步踏出去了。

确定观点后，破题时得到的思维方向，明显不利于我的就应该排除。比如营养价值改变这一条，虽然速食文化的确对人体有害，但另一项速食：生疏和熟粗粮，就是向有益方向改变的，两者势均力敌，仅管是很容易想到，也很容易举例论证的论点，却不宜使用，因为如此贸然用了，有思维不缜密之嫌。然而，这毕竟是一块好啃的骨头，如果其他论点都不好论证，还可以回头捡起这一条来，隐去健康速食那个事实进行作文，当然，这依然是下下之选。

一、段落主题思想要与全文观点相匹配

例题：Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

题目大意：如今食物变得越来越容易准备。这种变化是不是改善了人们的生活?

该问题中提供给考生探讨的要点是食物准备方式的改变是否提高生活质量。对此问题，一些考生马上就联想到：食物容易准备节约了时间，并就此给出段落中心词。但结合文章论点稍微深入思考一步就会发现，时间缩短这一项改变虽然是事实，但对于生活质量的影响并不直接，如果作为主要论点给出的话会使读者觉得该支持理由与主题观点并没有直接关联。所以对于这种容易想出但与文章中心关系并不密切的拓展思路就需要能及时舍弃。

二、段落主题句要能言之有物

这是再功利不过的一条标准，就上面这道题目而言，有的考生注意到了食物准备时间缩短与生活质量改善之间的思路跳跃，因此在两者中间补充说明，食物准备时间缩短能让人性情改变，从而影响人们的生活质量，构思时觉得该立意比较新颖，又能切合主题，继续写下去不无可能。但真正落笔时却不知道该如何说明人们性情转变这一抽象情况，并且自己平常生活中对此也并无较深入的感受和经验，结果说了一句话拓展就不得不匆匆收尾，导致读者要不就读得“意犹未尽”，要不就干脆觉得“云里雾里”。与其这样，还不如选个常见思路，如：快速的生活节奏造成压力，来展开拓展，这样即能展示语言功底，也能显示思维缜密的写作方向。

三、全文选择的2个或是3个段落支持理由之间不能出现重复论述

这其实是整个构思阶段的重头。要立意，就是要明白自己表达的对象是什么，明确立场。然后站在这个立场上，挑选支持自己的论点。在整理行文思路时，考生所进行的其实是个发散思维的过程，而立意，则是要把思维收回来，组织化，理清它的脉络纹路，让它们有着各自的特征，又能协调地为同一目的服务。

能够说服读者的议论文，在论点选择上应该遵循一个原则：三个(或者两个)论点虽说要符合一条明线：支持全文观点，但不能在各自的论述层面上有交叉。比如在上题所给的理由中已经列出：快速的生活节奏造成压力，有的考生继续拓展第二支持理由：人们正在沉沦于速食中，丧失享受生活的品位，这两点看上去都与主题相关，并且有各自的中心点，但是稍微拓展就会发现，其实两者都是围绕人们的心理健康这一基本点所进行的思维扩展，与其分开两段来写，还不如先给出影响心理健康这一中心，再分原因和不同情况进行扩展论述。这样即体现了同一段落内部论述的全面性，又避免出现两段中内容及语言的重复表达。

对于新托福独立写作中的主题思路的确立及论证理由的分析是一个严谨的逻辑思维的过程，需要考生在平常的练习中进行充分的准备，才能在考场上短时间内做到从题目中心出发，思路清晰，论证严谨。

托福独立写作细节须知

细节一：开头段交代清楚就行，不要一味求长

还记得学英语的时候，老师讲过的英语中有一种很奇葩的用法，就是形式主语(话说好多孩子都在纠结形式主语和强调句怎么区分)。为什么有形式主语呢?很简单，因为真正的主语太长了，容易对我们的理解造成影响，而且主语太长不美观，因此出现了形式主语it。既然语法中都有这样的一个用法，那么我们写作中又为何不遵循这个要求呢?开头段写得太长，占用时间不说，有时候开头段话都说尽了，会严重影响主体段的展开。因此，独立写作的开头段不要写太长，一般50-80个单词是极好的。

细节二：每段写完记得空一行

为什么呢?好看呗!试想一下，如果你的作文各段都连在一起的，你自己看起来舒服吗?更别说挑剔的考官来看了!你的作文如果不能从内容上征服考官，至少要在篇章结构上给人一种舒适的感觉!所以，每段写作记得空一行，你写着舒服，考官看着也舒服。

细节三：正式文体若能坚持不随意缩写，那将是极好的

缩写好吗?不好!因为首先不缩写的话可能是两个单词，缩写完单词数就少了!不过，这个点其实并不是最关键的，重点在于托福写作是应试作文，应该保持正式文体的写作风格!缩写会给人一种非正式的赶脚!所以，能够不缩写的尽量不要缩写。比如can’t，最好在托福写作中写成cannot，而can not则是英式英语的写法，记住了!

细节四：不要一写作文就把你“七大姑八大姨”搬出来

托福写作，太多这些个人的例子会给人一种非常personal的感觉!本身写作是在发表你自己的观点。虽然说托福的写作题可支持亦可反驳，但是关键点还在于你的论述能否让人觉得有一丝丝的可信度!举个例子，难道你姨喜欢吃的水果，大家都喜欢吗?所以，写作的例子若能避开太多个人例子，那又是极好的!或者如果你很强，可以考虑以客观的方式来写个人的例子!

怎么调整托福考试心态

托福考试怎么调整心态

在这样的心态下，也许你会发挥的更好哦。你应该在前一天有足够的睡眠，并确保你的衣服和所有必要的身份证明文件已经放好了，考试当天可以直接拿到考场。

具体小建议如下：

吃一顿适度量的饭，记是说不要吃太多，也不要吃太少，整个托福考试的时长在四个多小时，所以要预计好食物的量。不要过度地吃糖果，咖啡或抽太多的香烟，否则在考试过程中，你可能会想要更多，但是考场是不会让你吃这些的喝足够的水，但不要太多，因为上卫生会很麻烦。不要喝软饮料，饮料会让你更快地感到口渴。在考试之前做一些放松的事情，自己要了解下自己的习惯，什么能让自己放松下来。不要和那些倾向于不安或激动的朋友待在一起，因为负能量可能会相互传染。使用一些放松的方法，如冥想。努力集中精神。早点抵达考试中心，要有足够的时间来完成一些例行事务。任何时候开始感到紧张时，请进行一些深呼吸练习，它会重新让你集中精神。不要恐惧这种焦虑，这是正常现象。保持冷静，不要惊慌，即使有些东西看起来很困难。只关注自己的考试，不要考虑其他学生在做什么。

托福写作满分作文学习

51 Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement? Parents or other adult relatives should makeimportant decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenaged children. Use specific reasons and examples tosupport your opinion.

No one knows me as well as my parents. No one wants the bestfor me like my parents. It is natural that I should allow myparents to make important decisions for me. I think all older teenagers (15 to 18 year-olds) shouldtake their parents advice on decisions that concern their education, their social life, and their futurecareers.

My parents have always chosen the best schools for me to attend. They have encouraged me toattend special prep classes to make sure that I was well prepared for the exams. They have givenme tutors to make sure that I understood my subjects well. When it comes to choosing a college, I will trust my parents to make that decision. They know what they can afford and what will giveme a good education.

When I was young, my parents would invite children over to play with me. Over the years, I havebecome very close to these children. They are like my family. We celebrate holidays and birthdaystogether. We even go to the mountains together in the summer. My parents do not want me tofall into the wrong crowd. They do not want me to meet and fall in love with someone they do notknow. I understand that and I want to make them happy.

My father runs a very successful business and my mother is a well-known politician. They are verywell connected and they have many friends who would like me to work for them when I finishschool. This is a very good arrangement for me.

If all children follow their parents’ wishes, they would probably be happier. Parents only want thebest for their children.

52 Some people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to travel alone. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

Traveling alone is the only way to travel. If you take someone with you, you take your home withyou. When you travel alone, you meet new people, have new experiences, and learn more aboutyourself.

When I traveled with my friend, I spend all my time with that friend. We eat together and sightseetogether. When I travel alone, I spend my time looking for new friends. It is easy to fine otherpeople, either other tourists or locals, to eat with or have a coffee with. When you share meals withstrangers, they become friends.

When I travel with a friend, my routine is predictable. We maintain the same schedule that we doat home. When I travel alone, I adopt the rhythm of the place I visit. I might take a nap in theafternoon and eat dinner at 11 pm. I might go to a disco and dance all night.

When I travel with a friend, we know how we will react to things. When I travel alone, each newexperience requires a new reaction. If I don’t try new things, I won’t be able to decide if I likesomething or not. Shall I ride an ostrich or eat one?

I think it is always important to do things on your own. You can fine new friends, collect newmemories, and adopt different ways of doing things. Isn’t that the point of travel?

托福写作满分作文学习

27 AD It has recently been announced that a newmovies theater may be built in your neighborhood. Doyou support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specificreasons and details to support your answer.

Some people will say that a new movie theater in ourneighborhood would be a bad thing. However, I fully supportthe plan to build one. I feel that a movie theater would bringmore opportunities for recreation, reduce teenage delinquency, and lead to several improvementsin the town.

As it stands, there is little to do in my town. There are no parks here, and there is certainly nonightlife. Additionally, the nearest movies theater is more than thirty minutes away. That isinconvenient for everyone here. Many movies end late at night. Who want to a long drive home at 11:30 p.m. or midnight?

Building a new movie theater here will reduce juvenile delinquency, Like everyone else, teens hereare bored. They need activities to keep them busy and out of trouble. The jobs that the theatrewill provide will help teens, too. We need more businesses that are willing and eager to employyoung people.

Overall, the new theater will bring many improvements to the town, For example, it will help otherbusinesses. That is because the movie theater will attract customers from neighboring towns. Those neighbors do not have a reason to come to this town now. However, if they are cominghere for a movies, they will be more likely to stay here to shop. If we get more visitors, we’ll needbetter roads. While this may be costly, it will also make travel easier for people living here. We willbe able to get around faster, Safety will be improved with the new roads, because they will be inbetter condition than many that we have now.

I believe that our town needs a new movie theater. Again, I support it fully, I hope that others inour community will join me to convince residents and local government.

28 AD Do you agree or disagree with the following statement ?People shouldsometimes do things that they do not enjoying doing. Use specific reasons andexamples to support your answer.

I agree that people should sometimes do things that they don't enjoy doing. This is a basic part ofbeing an adult. Plus, some things that aren't “fun” are still good for us in the long run.

Take personal tasks. Who enjoys going to the dentist? Very few people enjoy having their annualcheck-up with the doctor. Not a lot of people enjoy changing the oil in their car or moving theirlawns. These are all things we do because we have to, not because we want to .We realize thattaking care of our physical health is the sensible thing to do .We know that if we don't change theoil in our cars, our cars won't run. We understand that grass grows and if we don't mow it, ourlawns will look like tropical forests.

Professional tasked are another part of the same equation. No one likes to be stuck with a boringassignment or to be told we have to work with someone no one else gets along with. Sometimeswe have to put up with unfair criticism from a supervisor or resentment from those we supervise. Ifwe're in management., we may have had the unpleasant task of having to fire someone. None ofthese are fun things, Unfortunately, they’re all part of earning a living, something the majority ofadults have to do.

On the other hand, sometimes doing some thing we don't enjoy doing can lead to enjoyment. Simply by trying it again, we may decide we like doing it .for instance, we may have convincesourselves we hate to dance. We agree to go to a club only to please someone else. Yet, for somereason, this time we enjoying dancing. We’ve been cheating ourselves of enjoyment without evenknowing it. The same can be true of trying new foods or a new type of museum.

Doing what we don't enjoy doesn’t always have to be a bother, does it? It’s just part of life.

托福写作满分作文学习

68 Some people think governments should spend as much money as possible exploring outer space (for example, traveling to the Moon and to other planets). Other people disagree and think governments should spend this money for our basic needs on Earth. Which of these two opinions do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

When we see photographs of starving children, it’s hard to say that we should spend billions of dollars on space exploration. But that’s just what we should do. Children don’t need to be starving, but we do need to explore space. Right now, we have enough money to feed every person on Earth. Children are starving because of mismanagement of resources and simple human greed. Those are problems we can solve right here on earth. That shouldn’t stop our need to find out what’s beyond our own solar system.

We may never make contact with whatever other species there may be out there in space. Even so, there are still two very practical and positive consequences of space exploration. One is a certainty and the other is a possibility. The certainty is medical research. Yes, we can conduct research here on earth. But much of the research done in space, for example, on the effects of gravity on bone marrow, is making a difference in medicine here on Earth. When we do research in space, we also learn more about space exploration. Also, many of the inventions that were developed for space travel have been adapted to good use on Earth.

The possible consequence of space exploration is finding another planet human beings can colonize. Overpopulation is a huge problem on our planet. People are living longer, more healthful lives, and that’s a good thing. But it means there are fewer people dying and more people being born. Eventually we’ll have less space, fewer resources, and major distribution problems. If we can find another planet to live on, we can relieve the problems of overpopulation on our planet.

It’s a tragedy that there are human beings suffering on Earth. However, if we wait until everyone has a perfect life, we will never explore space—and that , too, would be a kind of tragedy.

69 People have different ways of escaping the stress and difficulties of modern life. Some read; some exercise; others work in their gardens. What do you think are the best ways of reducing stress? Use specific details and examples to support your answer.

Stress is one of our biggest enemies. It affects our health, our personality, and our relationships with others. In order to get rid of stress. I first have to identify the cause. I have different antidotes to stress depending on the cause. The most common types of stress I face are with work, with friends, and with myself.

Work-related stress is the easiest to combat. I simply stop working for a while. If I find myself picking up the same piece of paper four times a day and never doing anything with it, I blame stress. The best thing to do is to do something else. Sometimes, I get up from my desk and go down the hall to talk to my colleagues, but I don’t talk about work related subjects. Other times, I will take a short walk around the block and get some fresh air. Work-related stress can be cured by getting away from the work.

Stress caused by friends is more difficult to cure. Often the cause is more complicated. My friends could have a personal problem that causes them and me both anxiety. Or my friends could be angry at me or vice versa. Here, the cure for stress is talking about the problem and being with my friends. Unlike work, you can’t walk away from your friends.

Stress I cause myself is also not so easy to get rid of. If I feel bothered by an exam or anxious about the future, there is very little for me to do. I just have to tell myself that I can only do my best and leave the rest up to fate.

It is important to try to lead a stress-free life. If you can avoid stress by walking away form it (like at work), talking through it (like with your friends) or facing it head on (like with yourself), your health, personality and relationships will benefit.

托福写作如何保证文章结构完整?来不及写结尾可以这么干

合理运用技巧调整行文顺序

托福独立写作满分标准中明确指出：“文章结构合理，论证展开充分，并具有一致性、统一性。”因此为确保文章结构完整，考生可以熟练运用一些小技巧，适当调整行文顺序。

一篇结构完整的文章包括开头段、正文段和结尾段三个部分，其中开头、结尾各1段，正文段可以安排3或4段。而开头、结尾部分内容相同，需要考生表明观点、简述理由。大量实践和考生反馈证明：文章结构不完整，尤其是缺少结尾部分，是导致低分的一个重要原因。

结合机考特点来写文章

另一方面，托福iBT考试基于计算机输入信息，这也就突破了使用传统纸质试卷答题的很多限制。考生可以在计算机答题区域内的任意位置输入信息，既不影响美观，也不受传统纸质试卷的空间限制。因此，建议考生可以先输入开头段，再输入结尾段，最后在中间插入正文段。这样做有两个好处：一是保证文章结构完整，即使时间不够用，也只有最后一个正文段论述不充足，结尾段却完整的重述了观点，不会对得分产生太多影响;二是开头、结尾内容表述类似，同样的观点再说一遍，有利于提升打字速度，节省思考时间。

论述可以详略得当扬长避短

考生要想在托福写作考试中有出色的发挥，必须要合理分配时间，文章叙述做到详略得当，建议各位考生在日常练习中多列提纲、寻找规律，同时明确自身弱点，对于一些经常表达不充分，或是没话可说的理由，简略论述，不说空话、套话，绝不浪费宝贵的考试时间。

托福考试作文独立写作范文：想要高薪但是工作时间长的工作吗

Would you prefer a higher pay job with longer work time or an average pay job with normal work time.

写作参考一:

In the current society full of fierce competition, we can readily observe that landing an ideal job has become increasingly difficult, which forces us to a concession in the requirement of the job we want. When it comes to which is more appealing, a higher pay job with longer work time or an average pay job with normal work time, people varying in backgrounds and personalities may view the same issue from different angles. From my perspective, towards such a long-running tug-of-war, my choice will depends on what age I am.

On the one hand, during my twenties and thirties, my preference will be a higher pay job with longer work time. For one thing, as for young adults wrestling with various bills in daily life, the high salary will help them to relieve their financial pressure and thus meet their basic need of life. To be specific, the extremely high price of house in China has been beyond the affordable range of most people. In order to pay the rents or afford a house, young people needs desperately a large sum of money which can be earned in a decent job. For another, longer work time is not a big deal for the young, because they are so energetic and vigorous that a sound sleep can help them to restore their vitality. A good case in point is the experience my friend, Andy. As a broker in an Stock Exchange Company in Beijing, he has to deal with large quantities of data and keep close track of any events which may cause the fluctuation of stock price. Although the heavy pressure brought by his job often require him to work overtime and even around the clock, he never makes complaints because the exciting and adventurous experience from selling or buying stocks appeals him a lot.

On the other hand, n the other hand, when I am at the middle age or old age, an average pay job with normal work time will be much better. After accumulating fortunes in the early years of life, old-age people do not suffer from huge financial pressure so that low income will not affect their life greatly. As we know, the old have owned their own houses and are not interested in pursuing the latest electronic devices or fashionable clothes, thus decresing their living cost to a large extent. As a result, they can lead a relatively high-quality life without high wage. Also, older people are usually those who have got married or even have children, so spending more time accompanying their family members is of great significance. Undoubtedly, the job with normal work time can better satisfy the need of staying longer with their kids or spouse. During the stay, the emotional bond between them will become closer and more intimate.

写作参考二:

Judging from what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that my preference for a job varies according to what age group I am at.

托福独立写作范文

People tend to have to different expectations out of a job, like personal satisfaction, higher pay, respect, and social recognition. Some people prefer to work long hours to pursue a higher salary while others tend to hold on a average paying job with normal work hours. If I have to face these two choices, I tend to choose to take a job with normal pay but more free time based on the following reasons.

Admittedly, monetary reward is indeed one of primary motivation to pursue a career, one needs money to cover daily expenses like room and board, utility bills, buy medical insurance, without money it is impossible for someone to live a decent life. However, it is not monetary benefit that gives an individual great personal satisfactions. Research that is done by lots of well-established professor in psychiatry has shown that the freedom to allocate your time and your intimacy with friends and families guarantee great personal happiness and satisfactions.

First off, spending too much time and working overtime can add more pressure and stress to one personal life and jeopardize their health. Lots of jobs are sedentary, like secretaries, lawyers, clerks, which pose great threat to their physical healthy. They might get dizzy, backache, and lack of energy. Other professions are even more competitive and intense, like stock broker, financial analyst who have to stare at a computer screen for more than 10 hours a day. It is not surprising to hear someone who has worked for 14 hours a day and several days in a row and eventually suffer from cardiac sudden death. It is clear that working overtime pose great threat to employees' healthy, which leads to sloppy working habits and negative attitude. The most unwanted scenario is the lack of morale in a professional environment. On the other hand, working normal hours makes the individual employee happier in their personal life and more productive in the working place.

Additionally, working overtime means that the individual will have to sacrifice much of their spare time devoted to boring and repetitive work. There are more meaningful stuff to do than working day and night, for instance, by choosing working normal hours one can develop a new skill or hobby, like learning how to play piano, play golf with a friend. Besides, working normal hours makes it possible for individuals to spend some quality with their families and maintaining a harmonious bond with families can be very important. Not only does good to the individual's mental health, but also it will make one more productive in a professional setting.

In conclusion, it is more advisable to work average hours with normal pay than otherwise since more flexibility in working schedule means more quality time with families and friends, great personal satisfaction and productivity in working place and lower risk of physical and mental problems.

托福考试作文独立写作范文：政府为民众免费提供互联网服务

点睛

写作参考一:

写作参考二:

With the advent of the information age, internet and advanced technological gadgets are becoming more and more accessible, actually they are now as important as basic necessities in life like water supply and electricity. When it comes to the question of whether government should provide free internet access to all citizens, personally I am in favor of this initiative based on the following reasons.

Admittedly, providing free internet access to the public in schools, shopping malls, tourist spots and even households might incur some financial burden to the city since the government has to invest in the infrastructure and networks and even dedicate staff members to maintain the operation, however, it is well worth the effort and financial resource to provide such service.

First off, internet now is an indispensable part of people’s lives, and we simply cannot live and work without it. Providing free internet service can make people’s lives more convenient and bring efficiency to working places. For example, college students can utilize internet to send emails to inquire professors about certain issues in the academics, use different kinds of online service to assist their study. Internet makes it possible for professors to involve multimedia in the their classrooms, making the class more interactive and engaging. Also, businessmen can capitalize on the internet and monitor various data like management cost, profit, asset and liability, ultimately they can avoid certain financial loss and make more profit. Generally, internet makes lives more convenient, citizens can use location based apps to find restaurants, museums, sports centers, etc. Apart from that, internet brings a more connected community and facilitates interaction between citizens and businesses. More importantly, a city with free internet access in public places will see its popularity boosted and attract people to move in or visit.

Additionally, providing free wifi access to everyone is a very conducive tool for empowerment and social engagement, shortening the gap between the rich and the poor, the underprivileged and the privileged. Actually, internet access, cell phone contracts, and data plan can be very expensive and not very affordable to people with lower incomes. Providing free internet service to these people gives them life changing opportunities, like job hunting, on-line course, and even health advice. Consequently, providing free internet service can be a great tool for empowerment and social involvement.

To conclude, providing free internet service to citizens has lots of benefits since internet makes people’s lives more convenient and brings efficiency to working places, more importantly, providing free internet service can be a great tool for empowerment and social involvement.

托福写作高分学霸备考经验整理独立综合实用结构模板指点

托福综合写作高分模板分享

The professor presents a lecture regarding(主题), and her proposition forms a sharp contrast with what is stated in the reading passage.

First, the reading passage claims that (reading的第一个点). However, the professor points out that (listening的反驳).

Another part that distinguishes the reading from the listenging is that(reading的第二个点). The professor explains that(listening的反驳).

Finally, what the reading stated concerning (reading的第三个点)differs a lot from what is mentioned by the professor. As she puts it, (listening的反驳)

托福独立写作高分模板分享

因为一般都用一边倒式写法，所以给的模板也是一边倒的，不过只要稍加改动就能用来写持中立的文章

When it comes to the issue about (题目), people's opinion differs from person to person. Some hold the view that(一个观点)， while others argues that(另一个观点). As far as I'm concerned, I support the prior/latter point for the reasons that(概括自己的论点)

It is true that (反方论点)has its own merits. For one thing, (反方论据1). For another, (反方论据2).However, is this a wise choice? After taking more factors into consideration, I suggest that(正方论点).

First,(正方论据1)

Second, (正方论据2)

In short, from what has been discussed above, we can safely draw the conclusion that (把第一段的论点重复一遍)

托福综合写作高分注意事项提点完整复述才是提分写法

托福综合写作不需要观点只要求复述

这一点相信很多人都已经知道了，那就是托福综合写作，不需要考生给出自己的观点，这篇文章的写作要求就是客观。说得简单粗暴一些，考生在这篇写作中扮演的角色并非叙述者或者辩论者，而只是一个带有信息记录筛选汇总整理功能的传声筒。很多同学明知不需要观点，但在写作过程中还是忍不住冒出一些我认为我觉得的句子，这其实就是犯了综合写作的忌讳。所以，大家在进行托福综合写作的答题时，一定要注意保持自己的客观立场，主要能够把阅读和听力中给出的信息准确地通过行文转述表达出来，那么你的写作目的就已经达到了，这点希望大家一定要牢记在心。

托福综合写作并不需要事无巨细

其次，托福综合写作中的阅读和听力部分，给出的信息是过量的。也就是说，实际综合写作中，并不要求你事无巨细把所有内容都写进去。按照官方指南OG中的要求，最高评分5分的要求中，考生只需要做到successfully selects the important information from the lecutre就已经足够了，大家注意其中的important，这才是关键词。所以考生千万不要抱有把阅读和听力中所有细节都记下来写进文章的想法来应对托福综合写作，学会判断哪些是需要记录并写出来的关键重要信息即可。

文章形式随意性较强无明确要求

这个问题也有很多人会问，托福综合写作的文章到底需要写成什么形式比较好?有的人觉得是类似独立写作那样分几段的形式，也有考生认为写个一长段就可以了。这里需要注意的是，官方虽然给出了well-organized的要求，但这只是从文章是否方便理解的角度提出的要求。实际上OG上对这一点也有提到，原话是You can write either one long paragraph or a series of short paragraphs listing the points of opposition between the rading passage and the lecture. 所以考生无论是写成多个段落还是直接一段完事，只要内容能够清晰有条理，哪种形式其实都是可以接受的。

不影响准确表达内容的少量语言类错误不扣分

最后要说的也是很多人比较关心的一个问题，那就是文章里出现语言类错误的扣分标准。这一点小编其实一直都抱有这样的观点，那就是只要各类语法词汇句式的错误数量较少，而且不出现在关键性的位置上，那么托福考官其实都是会睁一只眼闭一只眼放过的。但如果这些语言类错误频繁出现在文章里，还老是在一些重要的地方干扰考官对文章的阅读理解，那么扣分就是妥妥的了。OG中也很好地佐证了这个观点，那就是occasional language errors that are present do not result in anaccurate or imprecise presentation of content connections是不会被扣分的。

综上所述，托福综合写作虽然题型和要求都比较“奇葩”，但想要收获高分，考生只需要抓住上面这些重点，其实也并不困难，对于本身阅读及听力技能较强的考生来说甚至可能比独立写作还要简单一些。最后小编大家都能写好托福综合写作拿到高分评价。

托福独立写作如何提升写文章速度?备考打基础方法介绍

托福独立写作时间不足2大基础原因分析

对于备考时间充足的考生来说，扎实的基本功是冲刺托福写作高分的不二法门。独立写作时间不够用的原因可以归结为以下两类：一是打字速度慢，不适应基于计算机输入的考试形式;二是题目不熟悉，审题、列提纲和安排文章结构等环节浪费了大量时间，导致有效输入正文的时间不够。

如何在备考中打好基础提升写作速度?

针对这两类问题，建议考生在日常练习中不要盲目练习、只顾低头写文章，要有的放矢，适当增加一些基础训练。

打字速度慢的考生可以下载一些练习打字的软件，通过寓教于乐的练习提升输入速度、提高输入的正确率。

题目不熟的考生可以仔细研究近三年托福考试写作部分的真题机经，每道题目都列出提纲，矫正逻辑偏差和理解误差。由于托福考试写作部分的题目题材重复度高，熟悉机经真题的考生在考试过程中可以在审题、列提纲、安排文章结构、和全文通览检查等环节中节省大量时间，把更多的时间留给正文输入。

打基础一定要严格控制时间

俗话说：事预则立。在此提醒各位考生，在日常练习中一定要严控时间，务必在30分钟内完成练习，如果没有在规定时间内完成，一定要认真分析原因。切勿放松对时间的要求，用60分钟或是更长的时间完成一篇文章，只会给自己制造一些假象，看似一切良好，但却不利于在考场上发挥水平。

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：working by hand or using machines

托福写作难点话题一览

Doing work: by hand or using machines?

Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer using machines. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

写作思路展开结构分析

分情况。有些事情适合用手做，比如：洗衣服：有些人就喜欢用手洗衣服(wash clothes)，而不用洗衣机(laundry machine)。写字：不用电脑，而坚持用笔，基本上只有50岁以上的人才干得出来。很多的事情只能手工去作(举例);而另外也有很多事情只能用机器去做(举例)。还有一些事情要二者结合才可以，比如统计工作。搜集数据(collect data)，往往更依赖人工(manual work);数据处理(data processing/manipulating)，最好由计算机完成。

本话题高分范文赏析

Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer to use machines. I definitely fall into the latter category. I use a machine for almost all of the work I do. The reasons why I prefer to use machines are that most hand work is tedious, machines are faster and more efficient, and I am more proficient with most machines. Two things that I spend a copious amount of time doing are writing and sewing. Both of these endeavors border on pain if I do not have a computer or a sewing machine, respectively. What was once a fun task becomes very monotonous, and no longer enjoyable. Using a machine can turn ordinary tasks into exciting ones. Using machines to do work is also much faster and more efficient than using your hands to do it. For example, if I wrote this essay by hand, rather than using the computer, it would probably take me at least five times as long. Hand sewing a shirt would take ten times longer than using a machine to do the same work. Not only are machines faster and more efficient, I am much more proficient using machines than I am doing the same work by hand. I find that when I am sewing by hand, all of my seams are very uneven and crooked. However, when I sew on a machine, my seams are perfect. The machine helps to keep my hand in line, therefore I can turn out a much better product. It is the same for writing essays. My handwriting is messy at times. If I had written a paper, I cannot correct it as easily as if I had written it on the computer. My writing blurs together, and sometimes I cannot even read what I have written down. Machines are definitely a better way for me to work efficiently, proficiently, and enjoyably.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：be assigned or choose your roommate

托福写作难点话题一览

Be assigned a roommate, or choose your own roommate?

You have been told that dormitory rooms at your university must be shared by two students. Would you rather have the university assign a student to share a room with you, or would you rather choose your own roommate? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.

写作思路展开结构分析

陈述学校分配的好处/陈述自己选择的好处(注意，两种方法都有缺点) 选择立场。选择让学校分配可以体现自己的大度(open-minded and magnanimous)或者说适应能力强随和好相处，选择自己挑室友则可以说为了以后更好的相处等等。

本话题高分范文赏析

Going to university is an exciting time in a young person's life. Part of the experience is living in the campus dormitory, and it is the first time for person away from his/her parents, in many cases. If one has to share a room with another student, I believe that it is better that the university picks the prospective roommate. When a young person first goes to university, he/she often moves straight to the school from his/her bedroom at his/her parents' house. This usually means that the person has no idea of the qualities necessary to be a good roommate. Perhaps the young person would choose to live with a good friend. While this situation could be a very happy one, it could also be disastrous. Getting along with a friend as a roommate, if not properly handled, could quickly ruin the relationship. If the school picks one's roommate, this is less likely to happen. In many cases, young people travel out of the city they grew up in to go to university. For many of these students, picking a potential roommate would be difficult. They know very few people in the new city, let alone at the university. This can lead to very stressful situations. If one is trying to settle into a new environment, but also must find a roommate to live with, he/she might find the whole experience overwhelming. Finally, I think having the school choose roommates rather than the individuals is a good idea because living with a person you do not know can be a rewarding experience. A stranger can quickly turn into one's best friend, as memories are forged while living together in a confined space.

托福独立写作如何避免无话可说?

关于素材，也就是文章中写点什么内容，很多考生最头疼的就是无话可说。新托福写作考察的话题包括教育、就业、个人成功、社会、家庭、环境、媒体、旅游、科技等。话题种类繁多，考生想要做到有话可写，就需要在平时多做素材的积累，比如每天看两个话题的范文，搜集出文章中的论点、论据，并用中文或者key words记录下来，形成自己的素材库，考前翻阅一下。即便是出现新题，考生也不用担心，因为平时积累的素材多了，思路就宽了，总能带来一些启发。

正确审题是写好一篇作文的基础，也永远是考生备考写作是急需解决的首要问题。造成审题出问题的原因有哪些?单词不认识、题目中限定词、特殊词没注意都是引起偏题、跑题的主要原因。

坦白来说，在新托福写作中，要想在题目中碰到不认识的单词，还真不是一件容易的事，因为新托福议论文的题目、话题或者说用词大都是“接地气”的，不会用一些高深的生僻词来出题，考生大可放心。当然，对于基础真的特别弱、词汇量匮乏的考生来说，这一点还是需要去重视的。那么，怎么解决这个问题呢?小编的建议是千万不要盲目去背各个话题的词汇，而是要有针对性地只背题目中应该会出现的词汇。到这儿，可能有同学会提出异议了，你怎么知道哪些词会在题目中出现、哪些词不会出现呢?这里需要指出的是，所有的海外考试都有一个共同的特点叫题库制，这个特点也催生了一个名词叫“机经”，即机考的经验。考生只需要去研究出题的规律即可大致知道每一场考试可能会考察的范围。当然，机经的重要性和神奇性不值得大肆宣扬，因为这个纯粹是概率学和运气的问题。回到问题的根本，怎样才能避免单词不认识，非常简单，既然考试的题是重复用的，那么考生只需要去总结近几年中国大陆和北美考过的真题，把这些题目过一遍就可以了，不认识的单词查一下背一下，都认识的话就不用花更多的时间了(注意这里考生只需要看题看单词，暂时还不用想这个题怎么写)。这样下来，首先就能保证考试中不会碰到没见过的单词。

审题除了单词还有哪些问题?

另外，小编也经常发现题目中的单词全都认识，但是考生还是写偏题的情况。分析下来了解到，根本问题还是出在看题不仔细，题目中的关键信息、限定词汇没有重视。例如：

In today's world,the ability to cooperate well with others is more important than before.Do you agree or disagree?

这个题目中的核心词汇包括cooperate以及than before。很多学生在行文过程中，都忽略了对before这个词的解读。全文都在谈如今合作有多么重要，而没有与过去为什么合作不那么重要进行对比。

再如:The car has had greater effect to society than the airplane has to.Do you agree or disagree?

以下对一位同学所写的段落进行分析：

First and foremost,there are more alternatives to cars. Automobile is a kind of short-distance transportation,which is used mostly in daily life but also cause some problem like traffic congestion.Therefore,in order to solve the serious traffic problem,the government implements a gamut of proposals,encouraging people to take other transportations,to name a few,railway,bus and subway.Subway,for specific example,was quickly accepted by the public and spectacularly convenient.Intensively developing in recent decades,the subway attracts more people attributes to its cheap price and,especially,punctuality.To compared,individuals should pay the cost of gasoline,parking and maintenance for their private cars,which is more expensive than a two dollars’ subway ticket.Also,another perk of subway is that passengers will never be saddle with the problem of traffic congestion because subway always has its own lane.As a result,more and more people have the tendency to choose subway over privet cars.On the contrary,as the only long-distance transportation,air-plane,as a monopoly in the sky,does not have any alternative recently and has a wider improving spectrum in the future.

大家可以看到，除了很多语言错误外，全段大篇幅在对subway进行描述，然而题目是需要考生将car和airplane进行对比。所以，写得再怎么多，都是不得分的，而因为这个问题失分，确实是特别可惜，又让人百思不得其解的。因此，小编建议大家拿到一个题目，先问自己一个问题，这个题目的话题词是什么?有没有对比信息?有没有限定词?并带着这些问题开始写作，这样才能避免写得多写得顺畅但是不得分的尴尬。

托福考试作文独立写作范文：了解跟你观点相反的人更重要

托福写作真题题目：

A/D: It is more important to read and watch news presented by people whose opinion is different from your own view than by people whose opinion are similar to yours.

写作参考一:

With the increasingly diverse means of acquiring information, it has become a common phenonmen that we are exposed to conflicting ideas about a single event, which has aroused deep social concern. A growing boday of average people are wondering whether it is more important to read and watch news presented by people whose opinion is different from your own view than by people whose opinion are similar to yours. From my pesepective, it is advisable to be a good listener to the different viewpoints.

Firstlly, receiving news presented by people with dissenting perspective can help people have access to the comprehensive information and get closer to the truth of the events. As is common sense, every single event or piece of news is not as simple as we expect. So it is an indisputable fact that nobody can have a panoramic view of the truth of the incidents due to the limited experience and knowledge span. In this case, gaining news from our opponents will definitely deliver a brandnew perspective and make us have a second thought of our own viewpoint. In other words, the clashes of different views will temper and refine our opinion about the events, with the result that a whole picture is formed. On the contrary, just selectively listening to the similar ideas, people will become narrow-minded.

Besides that, another potential benefit of obtaining news from those with opposite view is the higher likelihood to make acquaitance with more people. As is known to all, the way person responds to someone whose opinion differs drastically from theirs reveals their true character. To be specific, being tolerant of different voices about one thing reflects that a person is endowed with the quality of inclusiveness and humbility, which can make him/her leave a good impression on others. Consequently, no one, including those from opposing party, will refuse to become friends with humble and inclusive ones. Instead, those solely accepting same opinion are usually self-centered and arrogant so that they not consider others’ thought or feeling but impose their own opinion. Thus it is unlikely that they will build friendship with those with different ideas. Even worse, the alreadly established friendship may also end, once the disagreements occur.

In a nutshell, it is sensible for people to read or watch news from people with dissenting perspective, in order to gain the whole picture of the news and enlarge the social network.

写作参考二:

8月27日托福独立写作范文二：With advent of new technological gadgets, like laptop, tablet and smart phones, people now have access to all sorts of news sources. In face of the overwhelming news sources, some people tend to watch news that present similar ideas with them, while other prefer to watch news with different perspectives and ideas. I, personally, think it is far better to watch news with distinctive opinions and viewpoints based on the following reasons.

First off, news from various sources are biased and it is quite irrational to read or watch news from a single source, actually it makes better sense to be exposed to news that provide different kinds of ideas. Even though it is very essential for news media to be fair and unbiased, nonetheless, in reality, most of the news media are biased and prejudiced. Part of the reasons is that the news sources can be various, like the government, independent institutions or even think tanks. Lots of media or news agencies use phrases like “expert believes”, “most people agree” or “observes argue that”, all of which are pretty much biased since “most people” is a slippery word. The people might not represent the majority of the people and lack of diversity in terms of race, gender and other demographic factors.

Additionally, being exposed to news with distinctive opinions and ideas can help people to develop critical thinking skills and thus have a fair and more justified stance on certain issues. People varying in past life experience, education background and economic conditions tend to have totally different opinions on certain issues. Having access to different ideas can broaden people's horizons and enrich one's experience. For instance, I took it for granted that every child at an appropriate age has the chance to go to primary school until I watched a documentary about the elementary school enrolment in the poverty-stricken region in my country. Their family can barely feed them and the local government has little educational resource to provide them proper education. This documentary totally changed my perspective on the primary school enrolment in hinterland.

In all, exposure to news with different perspectives has lot of benefits since news sources are generally biased, and by watching news with different opinions we can have a much more fair and clear view. (Words：381, By Meng, Yan WECHAT: KICKASSTOEFL)

托福考试作文独立写作范文：你的工作要比你的社交生活对幸福影响更大

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:

Your job has a greater effect on one’s overall happiness than your social life does.

209月24日托福独立写作真题

Your job has more effects on happiness than your social life does.

题目大意：你的工作要比你的社交生活对幸福影响更大。此题目涉及到抽象词“幸福”，可能小伙伴们会觉得有些难度，如果大家了解马斯洛的需求层次理论的话，本题目并不难，波波建议大家选择，两者对于幸福有同样的作用，因为工作满足了我们的物质需求，而社交生活满足了我们的社交需求。

写作参考一:

There is no denying that happiness originates in the acts of meeting people's various needs. Nowadays some people claim that happiness is more affected by the job they owned than their social life. This is a popular misunderstanding. As far as I am concerned, social life and jobs have the equal role in making people feel happy, because they can respectively satisfy people's different needs.

On the one hand, a decent and well-paid job can provide us with a large amount of money, which could fulfill our material needs and improve our living standards. For example, with adequate financial resources we can live in a spacious and well-decorated house with six bedrooms and eight restrooms. We can travel around the world and visit the Forbidden City inChina, the Liberty Statue inAmericaand the Big Ben inBritain. In addition, such a good deal of money enables us to keep fit by having nutritious diet and mineral water transferred from the water source. Meanwhile, we can hire a personal doctor around the clock in case of any emergence of disease. We do not have to wait for a long time by standing in the long and crowed lines of patients in hospitals. All these things will definitely make us feel happy.

On the other hand, the important role of social life in helping us attain happiness can not be ignored. Confucius, one of the greatest philosophers and educators inChina, once remarked that it is a pleasant thing to meet with a friend from afar, which indicates that friendship is another source of happiness. Participation in social activities will enlarge our social circle and make us make acquaintance with more people. For example, if you are a bookworm, you can take part in readers' association where you will encounter a lot people who share a common interest. Chatting and talking with them will help form a deep friendship and make you have a better mood. The reason underlying the above example is that your need of communicating with others is met by participating in social life.

In conclusion, since happiness depends on the fulfillment of one's need, social life and jobs combines together to make us happy. It is an exaggeration to say that your job has more effects on happiness than your social life.

写作参考二:

People tend to have different expectations out of a job, like personal satisfaction, higher pay, respect, and social recognition. Some people are so dedicated to their jobs that they barely have something fun life, while others tend to seek happiness outside of their professional life. Personally, I think my job has a greater impact on my overall happiness than my social life based on the following reasons.

First off, for professionals, especially newly minted college graduates, a job can provide them a great sense of satisfaction. When holding a job, one feels that he or she assumes great responsibility and has something offer back to the community regardless of ones’ positions, be it cashier, janitor, professor or even business managers. For instance, an Executive Officer can help to create jobs that benefit lots of people; chefs can create a new dish and release his creativity, at the same time customers will be amazed by his new dish; a professor gets a great sense of accomplishment when he imparts knowledge to his students or comes up a groundbreaking finding in a certain academic field. Though the happiness and satisfaction can be subtle in a working environment, nonetheless, it can be very contagious and eventually makes someone a satisfied person in life.

Additionally, holding a job can offer someone monetary incentive and it can also be an important source of motivation and happiness. Without a decent salary one cannot afford the daily necessities like paying rent, covering living expense, like utility bills, internet bills, to say nothing about living a comfortable life. A recent study on the correlation between monetary compensation and employee satisfactions published by Harvard Business Review suggests that higher financial reward affords great happiness in a working environment. Indeed, the monetary reward from the job can make someone very happy and give them a sense of achievement. With the salary, a young adult can have some disposable income and thus be more financially independent, buy things they like or take a trip somewhere.

In conclusion, a job can provide more happiness than one’s social life since career opportunities provide people a great sense of satisfaction and the monetary incentive associated with jobs can also be an important source of motivation and happiness.

接下来是托福写作中的语言问题。其实托福写作中对语言并不是特别重视，因为虽然新托福是语言考试，但是在写作这一块，考官并不太在意考生使用的词汇有多高难度、句式有多复杂，这就是新托福写作和雅思写作的差异。美国人在意的是你写出来的文章能不能让他看明白，逻辑通不通。当然，虽然不要求语言的复杂性，语言的多样性还是有要求的。词汇上来说，要注意不重复用词，那么考生平时需要积累常用的替换词。句型来说，更为简单，因为英文中的句式也就那么多种，考生只需要把每一种句子的形式整理一下，考试时有意识地安排进文章即可。语言这一块对于英语功底还可以的学生来说绝对是没有问题的。

关于托福独立写作中素材和语言的一些备考经验就为大家分享到这里，如果你也有类似本文中考生的担心忧虑，那就不妨参考一下上述内容，相信会找到一些启发和灵感。

托福考试作文范例：企业的目标是赚取利润

托福考试作文题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Businesses should do anything they can to make a profit. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.

托福考试作文参考：

任何企业团体作为社会的组成部分，有责任考虑到整个社会的利益，所以不能为所欲为，强调法制的必要性。

托福考试作文范文：

Nowadays, merchants tend to strive for remaining in existence by all means due to the extensive competition and burdensome pressures. However, I am always amazed when I hear that it is necessary for businessman to do anything possible to make a profit. It may be as highly laudable and exemplary a thing as it is held to be by those who are addicted to money.

Apparently, I strongly object to it due to various factors that weigh heavily against the notion. The foremost reason is that merchants would be rewarded by nothing but distrust and even hatred from the customers if they hardly care about anything but money. It is widely known that nothing can be compared with the good reputation of a company, which attracts more upright and loyal customers. Suppose we are facing the dilemma of which brand of shampoo to purchase. It is of no surprise if you decide to take the one produced by P&G or other reputable large companies. As a result, what assures the buyers most is the credit of the service suppliers?

Another subtle explanation for my point of view rests on the fact that various appalling results would in some cases, be caused by the immoral and even illegal businesses. It is decent to make profits and receive the repayment of diligent work and continuous efforts. Nevertheless, producing unqualified or even deleterious commodities, which possibly lead to detriments of people's health or security, is never the sensible method to operate a company. What impressed me most is the tragedy happened several months ago in some part of China. Hundreds of infants died because of the nonnutritive milk powders produced by some merchantmen without ethics. Therefore, it is never too rigid to denounce the immoral and irresponsible behavior. The third point I would like to mention is that the merchants themselves would not be reassured to enjoy the property acquired in improper ways.

In most cases, it is the essential satisfaction of benefiting the public, rather than the material items, which inspires people profoundly. What a pleasant thing it would be to receive repayment of your diligent work and continuous efforts! On the contrary, few people would go into rapture even if they possess a mass of wealth earned through indecent ways. Thus, only by obeying commercial disciplines could a businessman obtain supreme success and maximum pleasure.

Taking into all the reasons above into account, it is barely too arbitrary to conclude that only by descent and good Intentioned business activities could a company achieve respectable and decent success

托福考试作文范例：不同类型电影的价值判断

托福考试作文题目：

Some movies are serious, designed to make the audience think. Other movies are designed primarily to amuse and entertain. Which type of movie do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

托福考试作文参考分析：

分两个段落讨论两种电影，说明这两种电影都有他们的价值，都值得观赏。最后一段说在不同的心情下，有着不同的选择。

托福考试作文范文：

It makes me sensitively to think of Hollywood place where movies were first made before World War I. In those days, Hollywood movie was like a magnet, drawing ambitious young men and women from all over the world.

Up till now, there is nothing that can substitute the position of movies that is the most efficient way to relax us. I prefer movies designed to make the audience think. As far as I know, most movies are supposed to be made from the source material that mirrors a part of the social events. That means there is another methods to force us to think about what we have done for our country, what is our responsibility in the society and so on. In fact what kind of information we need can be gain from different media including television, the Internet, radio, newspapers, especially from some movies.

Tracing back to my childhood, I like watching the first work directed by Alfred Hitchcock, Rebecca. So young though I was, it did make me sunk into contemplation. Not only did the plot make me a little confused, but also it really told me the truth that whoever is right or wrong, no one can live in the shadowy place and everyone must live his or her own live, enjoy the sunshine belonging to their own.

A movie worthy thinking about should conquer everything, including one's heart, which never fade with time going by, even be possible to change our lives. Here I cannot help siding with the other view; however it does not mean that we should totally ignore it, this is not a matter of making an “either-or” judgment. What we want to clarify here is what is primary and what is secondary.

If permits, a movie primarily designed to make audience think add some amusement and entertainment, just like tasting a cup of cappuccino.

托福写作经典结构——5段式结构

常用iBT文章结构-适用于comparison & contrast essay和argument essay.

不论是comparison & contrast essay还是argument essay，它们的文章结构基本相同。分为3大部分和5段结构(Point-by-Point Format), 也许有人喜欢4段(即Block Format),但就初来乍到者，我还是建议他们使用Point-by-Point Format, 并且依据我老师的经验(Jeff)来看，北美人更加喜欢这种结构(其实因为这些老外每天都要批阅几十篇文章，他们已经不阅读文章的内容，仅仅是审查文章的结构和词汇，他们没有时间去对比Block Format结构中的问题或者论点)，这令我很吃惊，这与国内老师的意见相驳或者相反。

这篇经验我想用一个例子(Coffee and tea)来向大家解释，有可能我的例子不是很好，或者论点有些可笑，不过我想大家还是要记住，老外已经在iBT中说明，他们不关心你的论点(Issue/Top Sentences) 和论据(Details/Evidence)是否合情合理，只关心你的论据(Details/Evidence)是否可以证明你的论点，仅此而已。大家在稍后的文章中可以看到，我的3个论点中的2个比较controversial, 但是，在我的Detail中支持的好就可以了。

首先，谈一谈5段式结构和Body Paragraph的结构：

Introduction Paragraph：Say what you are going to say.

这个我想不用我多说了，就是文章的“引子”，你的文章是否有高分，这个很重要。这样的句子不要出现，例如：In my essay, I will demonstrate…。下面的句子Jeff称之为Ok Sentence,即可以出现的句子，例如：Tea is the best drink in the world. 或者可以使用五星级的句子，例如：Although Coke is becoming more popular, it can not replace China's love of tea.

Background / Definition: 重新描述问题，但是不要使用老外给你的题目原话，这里我可以说，如果你使用了原话，不会对你的文章产生任何不好的影响，只是你不会在这里拿到应该得到的分数而已。你可以写成为 Tea is the most popular hot drink in the world.

Thesis: 中心句，如果文章不是argument essay，请不要直接在句子中表达自己的意见或者用一种General的形式来表达大家的意见, 例如：Tea is the world's favorite drink because it provides health benefits, it is less expensive, and it is available in many varieties.

Forecasting: 见关键词解释。Because后面的3个简单句就是Forecasting。

Body Paragraph I:

Top Sentence: First，Tea is healthier to drink. (OK-Sentence)Jeff推荐的句子Drank by million of people, tea is… (分词开头-ed)，再如：Improving your health, tea is drank…(动名词开头-ing)，又如：For thousands of years, tea is…(General 开头)

Detail: 这个不用多说了，就是要把你的例子举出来了。For example, people who drink tea, live longer, healthier lives than these who drink coffee.

Befriend:这个是重点了，要把拳头收回来。例如：Although coffee is good for your health, it cause heart attacks in large amounts.

Support:这个时候需要你利用你事实作为拳头伸出去，例如：In fact, heart attacks are one of the leading causes of death, so tea is a better drink according to doctor's suggestion.

Concluding Sentence:最后要简单扼要的总结一下，你在这段的论点和论据，其原理就像是简易书架，你只有两边都有支撑的面，你的书才不会向没有支撑面的那边倒去。可能有些朋友认为这个比较麻烦或者多余，不过我还是建议大家要包含这个部分，例如：To sum up, tea is healthier in several ways compared to coffee.

Body Paragraph II: 结构如上述，我就不多说了。

Body Paragraph III: 同上。

Conclusion Paragraph: 关于Conclusion我还是要多说两句，通常老外喜欢用Conclusion作为整篇文章的结尾用词，而用to sum up等作为段落的总结。例如：Despite the fact that coffee consumption is increasing, it will never be as beneficial as tea. Tea is less expensive, comes in more varieties, and is healthier. In conclusion, tea will remain the best drink until humans invent something better.

顺便提及一下，有的朋友会问，是否可以变化一下Body Paragraph的结构，我的建议是不要变化，不信的话，您可以自己尝试一下把你的文章重新排一下，您就会知道这里面的区别了。

再谈一下comparison & contrast essay 和argument essay的区别：

在我看来，它们之间的区别有两点。第一点，作者的视角不同。何谓视角不同?即当你写argument essay的时候，你需要在Introduction Paragraph中的Thesis中表达作者支持哪一方面。第二点，对比方面在文章中所占的份额，即如果你在写comparison & contrast essay时，比例为40%(一方面的优点)和60%(另一方面的优点和缺点)，虽然是comparison & contrast essay, 但是我想作为作者，你怎么也要表达一下自己的意见或者意图，让读者明白你是虽然在作两件事物的比较，但是还是有你的偏好在里面(喜欢Reading的朋友会有这种体会)。在写argument essay 时，比例为10%(敌对方的缺点)和90%(支持方的优点针对敌方缺点和无伤大雅的支持方缺点)。

最后谈一下在我们写作是要注意的问题。

1. 要多使用连接词来转换读者的视角和给出你自己的例子。不要让读者自己通过文章内容来转换视角，这样的文章不适用于考试，而适用于你自己的写作中或者长篇论文中。

2. 通常，我都是在写开头的时候，顺便把文章的结尾一并写好，因为文章开头和结尾的结构相似。可以节省时间。

3. 一定要花时间来检查文章中的词汇是否正确以及必要的时候要用更好的句型来优化你的写作。有很多朋友觉得时间不够，所以不检查自己的文章，我想既然你用键盘输入你的文章，就一定有错误的时候，况且那个时候比较紧张。我作为视计算机为自己一部分的人，每次给客户，朋友和同事回信的时候，我都要检查一下。以免让人家笑话或者引起争议。

托福独立写作文章结构细节讲解结构清晰文章要这么写

ETS官方如何定义托福独立写作文章结构?

OG实例提示考生简化开头结尾段

我们看一下OG书上的一个开头段例子：

其次OG中有个2分的文章，截取每段的第一句话：

In the following, I will illustrate my opinion by two reasons.

First of all, honest make the trust stronger between friends or colleagues.

Secondly, telling a lie always makes things worse not only in work but also in family life.

On the contrary, sometimes it is better to tell a lie to others, such as telling a lie to a patient.

托福独立写作结构训练建议分享

托福写作结构如何安排

首先由明线入手的思路可以不太讲究结构，这点的评论请看后文;然而由暗线着手的议论却必须注意结构，因为暗线采用的是和题目本身关系不大的视角，写得好是一气呵成发人深省，写得不慎重就会失之毫厘，谬之千里，走题走到天边去。

接上文，仍以题目做示范。笔者第二次拟提纲，以理暗渡，就不能像第一次一样只写论点，而得把首段，论点，甚至每段在整篇文章中的作用也一并写出，才能避免下笔时走题。

首段：民以食为天，食物在人类生活中的重要性不可言喻，就连食物的准备方式也可能极大影响人类文化，进而影响个人生活质量(引入社会心理学，设置暗线，为全文奠定基调)以现代生活实况分析，食品速食化导致人类生活质量下降的趋向比较明显。

第一论证段：(身体健康层面)饮食文化改变，传统有益健康而消耗时间的料理方式被摈弃，垃圾食品大行其市，天人合一，顺应生理规律的文化被断绝。(注：这里因为不是从营养，而是从生物规律论述对身体的影响，所以前文所论的paradox此处可不考虑)

第二论证段：从速食流行原因论证人类行为文化改变，高节奏的高压生活必然促使身体早衰(身体与心理健康两个层面综合)

第三论证段：(心理健康层面)行为高速化也会导致对情感的无法顾及甚至冷漠，人类情感文化变化，并且朝不利方向。

结尾(这在提纲里其实可有可无，提纲毕竟只是具体化的思路，并不是成文。依照文章具体的论证手法，内容，结尾可以个有千秋，只要把握住一条，符合全文主旨，就可以了，提纲里就算写了，很多时候也是无用功)

用题目分析到这里，文章连雏形都已经出来了，可是究竟什么是结构呢?

回到“文章是被记录下来的表达”这个原则。结构既然是写作的必须注意事项，就必然帮助表达。对于一篇议论，作者必须大量旁征博引才能令人信服得表述自己的观点，这其中牵扯着概念的重要性顺序-----用来证明全文立场的概念是论点，是最重要的概念;用来证明论点的概念是佐证，是次等重要的概念。

所谓结构，最基本的用途是将文章所有用入的概念分段，一个论点与它的所有佐证为一段，不能佐证证明的是第二论点，却在第一论点的段落。-------这就是所谓的unity.

结构的第二用途仍然是帮助表达，从逻辑思路方面。好的议论能抓住人心，令人信服，首先必须让人能看懂作者的思路，让你说明在学习场所安装电视有无弊端，你却一会说电视节目的差异，一会说学生的素质如何，读者不知所云，自然不会被你说服。每个段落和论题的联系。作者本人知道并没有用，必须表现出来。说完节目差异加一句“不同节目对学生的利弊不同，不可一概而论”，讲过学生素质补充“素质差的学生群体使学习场所吵杂，安不安电视影响都不大”，将论点间，论点和论题间紧密结合起来，保证文章思路流畅，明白易懂，就是结构中过渡句的功效，使得行文达到ETS要求的progression和coherence。

具体把结构落实在IBT独立作文上，就是两点。

1.会分段。要清楚自己的行文思路，知道自己有几个论点。首段表明论点，废话不要讲。论证一段一个论点，不可以交叉。一个论段里要有论点句，其它所有句子都为论证这个点，废话不要讲。尾段总结论点共性，映证首段观点，废话不要讲……

2.会过渡。要记住必须过渡。要明白你为什么过渡-----如果这个过渡不证明论点和论题间的关系，而证明论点间的关系，要确定这个新论点也能证明论题。你的过渡不是为自己的文章过渡，而是帮读者的思维过渡，引领他们走进新的思维，所以必须确认过渡的方向，你是否正带着你的读者而离开你的论题。

从这两点观测，笔者在前文提到的明线(支持论题)贯穿的思路在拟提纲时不需要注意结构，就好解释了。因为明线的论点注定不会跑题，不用太在意过渡问题，只要分段恰当就可以了，而这点，下笔时留神就足够了。

托福写作：结构的重要性

托福写作都知道有评分标准，要知道托福考试写作非常重视的一点就是内容的质量，不过这里也提醒大家托福作文结构问题也要重视起来，很多人可能忽略了这个问题，下面就来看看关于结构的一些问题。

在托福考试写作的官方指南中明确提到，出题方希望考生能够在开始托福写作前，重读阅读文章并通过和听力笔记的对比，完成一份简单的提纲性材料。(Before you start writing, briefly reread the passage, consult your notes, and make a very brief outline of the points you wish to make.)

因此，我们很清楚的能够看出，出题方对于考生提出的第一个最基本的要求是希望考生能够给出的是一篇托福作文结构清晰和合理的作文，而这一点在之后的范文分析上能够更清楚的得到肯定，在“指南”所给出的五分范文的评价中，很明确的表示了对于工整和清晰的文章结构的赞赏。(The writer is very specific and has organized his points so that they are parallel with one another: in each of the supporting paragraphs, the lecturer’s observation of what really happened is given first, then explicitly connected to a theoretical point from the reading.)

托福独立写作评分标准重视细节

托福独立写作评分标准在论证上提出了三点要求：1 要有说理 2 要有例子 3 要有细节。这三条标准当中，中国学生最不缺的就是第一条。一个没有经过任何托福写作训练的考生写出来的文章往往充满了说理性的语句，并且都表达着同一个意思，缺少例子和细节，显得十分苍白无力。而一个接受了一段时间托福写作训练的学生往往会在论证当中使用举例说明的方法。无奈这类例子大多为假设，泛泛而谈，语言空洞，很难有说服力。事实上，当我们在阅读地道的英美人的文章时，我们就会发现，英美人的文章中是充满了细节的，而这才是中国学生在进行论证时最缺乏的。

托福写作细节分为两个方面，一是语言的细化，主要体现在用词的准确性上，这是需要一段时间的积累加上特别训练才能达到的。二是例子的细化，体现在描述的细致性上，要做到这一点，除了刻意加上一些人名地名，显得描写细致以外，还需要学生多看原味英语，细细体味。

例如 speed and comfort中描述坐火车的无聊时就运用了很多细节：Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. Reading is only a partial solution， for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day， sleep comes in snatches. At night， when you really wish to go to sleep， you rarely manage to do so. If you are lucky enough to get a sleeper， you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling or fumbling to find your ticket for inspection. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted.

在这段当中，几乎没有纯粹的说理，而是一直在描述一个我们感同身受的场景，细节颇多，让人一看就很有认同感。这样一种细节的堆砌无疑是很多说服力的，点滴之间，便让人信服。

从托福官方指南OG中了解细节价值

托福的官方指南(official guide)里也凸显了细节的重要性。OG中独立作文不同分值的案例中，有一篇给出4分的范文充分说明了这一点。这篇文章的作者讲了一个情侣间不相互信任的故事，讲得很完整，前因后果都交待清楚。而这篇文章只有一个分论点，只举了一个例子，遣词造句都很平庸，但是拿到了4分，关键点就在于此文对细节的描写很到位。

因此小编建议各位同学在进行托福独立写作的时候，要注意对于be more specific这一标准的把握。很多时候，细致的例子能够弥补遣词造句上的不足。

托福写作解析：托福写作结构与方法

应把全篇分为三大部分introduction, development, conclusion，建议把每段的主要观点放在首句，再加分观点，用原因和展开论述去支持你的主要观点。

结构：

1 Introduction

2 Development：1 main idea (+examples, details)

2 main idea (+examples, details)

3 etc.

3 Conclusion: Perhaps a summary of the main points in 2. Own views/opinions and decisions.

当然我们需要一些素材来支持我们的观点，好的素材来自于生活或已知的信息，这些素材一定要是合理的。首先，素材要和前面叙述过的主要观点和理由构成因果关系。其次，这些可以想到的素材和例子可以很清楚的描写出来。最后，这些已有的素材可以引起读者的共鸣。

托福写作解析:因果论证句怎么写

写作中最主要的三种句型：因果论证句、比较对比句和假设条件句。下面就来看一下因果论证句具体该怎么写!

因果论证句

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

There's no need for the government to help those who can help themselves.

One of the major reasons why some individuals are reluctant to seek help from the government is that people have formed the impression that the officials are too busy to care about their private matters.

why后面是结果，一个完整的句子.

People will reduce car use in 20 years.

One of the reasons why the use of private cars can and will be reduced in 20 years time is that diversified measures a being taken by the government to limit the use of cars.

Today's parents do not understand their children as well as parents did 50 years ago.

The complexity and diversity in the modern world may be a major contributor to generation gaps.

托福写作解析:假设条件句怎么写

托福写作句型:假设条件句怎么写

It is essential for young people to have the ability to plan and organize.

If a high school student is about to leave school soon, it is necessary for him to have a most suitable plan before the graduation ceremony begins.

Teachers should give students homework everyday.

If teacher had been checking the students' progress with daily homework assignments, they might not have failed the test.

过去的虚拟，把反面的例子变成正面的评论

if sb had done, sb might/would have done

Traveling alone is better than travelling with a companion.

But for the assistance from a companion, travelers would be exposed to more dangers on the way.

现在或将来的情况：but for sb/sth, sb would do sth

过去的情况： but for sb/sth, sb would have done

我们来看下面的例子：

The Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information.

这道题目中有三个名词。第一个名词是the Internet，我们可以将它拆分为局域网(Local Area Network, LAN)、广域网(Wide Area Network, WAN)和城域网(Metropolitan Area Network, MAN)，那么文章的三段分别强调局域网、广域网和城域网给人们提供大量有价值的信息。

第二个名词是people，我们可以将它拆分为学生、商人、老人;因此，文章可以具体写网络为这三类人群提供大量有价值的信息。

第三个名词是information，我们可以将它拆分为不同种类的信息，如新闻、教育信息、生活信息和娱乐信息等;因此文章可以针对网络为人们提供上述任意三方面有价值的信息而展开。

我们再来看一个例子：

The movies and television programs made in your own country are more interesting than those made in foreign countries.

我们需要思考的问题是：哪些国外的电影和电视节目(movies and television programs)可以引起我们的兴趣呢?这些电影和电视节目可能涉及历史和自然景点(historical and scenic spots)、传统和风俗(tradition and customs)、奇闻和传说(anecdotes and legends)或者是宗教信仰(religious beliefs)等——因此，全文可以从上述任意三个方面展开。

有些考生会尝试着拆分foreign countries. 他们将foreign counties拆分为美国、英国和印度：美国的电影和电视节目更多彰显美国文化大熔炉的特征(cultural melting pot);英国的电影和电视节目更多表现了“日不落帝国”(the empire on which the Sun never sets)的“光辉岁月”(splendid moment);印度的电影和电视节目更多体现了千年的历史积淀(historical sediments)——这也是一种可行的拆分方法。

通过上述这种拆分技巧，大家就能更为快速地找出陌生冷门话题的论述方向和展开空间，提高审题效率避免跑题了。

托福考试作文范例：改变学校

托福考试作文范文：

If you could make one important change in a school that you attended, what change would you make? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.

托福考试作文参考分析：

(1)提高效率;

(2)促进学生学习;

(3)更好的老师和学生的交流。

托福考试作文范文：

Talking of making an important change in my school, I'd like to suggest that our education system put more emphasis on the development of learning skills and applications of theories into practice instead of simply learning knowledge from books. The proposal is based on the reasons as follows.

For one thing, overemphasis on academic learning poses a threat because of confusing the purpose of learning. As school credit is usually considered the major criteria of academic learning, in a credit-driven school, one may try hard to learn simply for learning's sake. In other words, college students tend to blindly cram their brains with numerous texts and formulas while do not have a clear idea of what they really want to learn, why they need to learn, not to mention how the things they are learning are useful to the reality. An example is way that common ESL students learn English: they may spend several years in reciting grammar rules, but can hardly utter an English word in front of a foreigner.

Another reason that causes me to make the suggestion is the requirement of today's ever-changing knowledge economy time. With the increasingly accelerated pace of information explosion, one can hardly depend on knowledge from books that he or she has learned at school. Mastering learning skills and knowing how to apply the skills into practice are becoming indispensable than ever before. A recent survey conducted by educator shows that most students in our country lack the ability of using tools and solving problems compared with their counterparts in the United States. This informs us to take a serious look at our book-knowledge based education pattern.

In sum, it's high time for us to give a touch on our education pattern concerning the narrowness of book knowledge learning as well as the necessity of practical learning required by the contemporary world.

托福考试作文范例：技术发展有助于学生学习

托福考试作文题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? With the help of technology, students nowadays can learn more information and learn it more quickly. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

托福考试作文参考分析：

(1)不能完全同意的要靠其他的因素来佐证，比如，毅力。

(2)同意的观点需要说明在技术的帮助下，学生能够可以学习到更多的信息，并且学得更快。例如互联网的出现，使学生在写报告的时候可以查到更多的资料;学生能够与教师更好的沟通，从而提高学习。教师上课用计算机演示，一目了然;另外，学生能够不受时间的限制获得更多的信息。

托福考试作文范文：

“With the help of technology，students nowadays can learn more information and learn it more quickly.”I agree with this statement. Technology has helped a student cross national boundaries, open up new view sand increase the speed at which he imbibes information.

New technology in the form of Internet has helped breach the limitations of a country's frontiers. A student sitting in a small town of India can access the latest course material released by MIT on his topic of interest. He can gain access to the latest info that his happening in physics and thus improve his existing warehouse of knowledge. He can browse through the previous papers in physics and dwell deeper and deeper in his specialized study. And how long does this all take? A click of a mouse. Compare this with searching through the mazes of his small hometown library, only to find some outdated articles and consuming a great part of his daily activity.

Technology has helped open up many new avenues that previously were considered impossible. Take for example the simple LCD projectors. They give a visual feel of the subject that the student is studying helping him to learn not only quickly but also effectively. Or for that matter of videoconferencing. A student can ask questions and clear his lingering doubts when he interacts with a professor considered as the authority in his field.

An overlooked aspect of technology is the transportation. With rapid advances in transportation, a student in Japan does not think twice before signing up for a program in the US. Would this have been possible 100 years back? Certainly not.

In concluding I would like to say that technology has played a major role not only in increasing the speed at which students learn but also in bringing a radical change in the way they learn it.

托福独立写作常见话题拓展思路讲解个人类主题写法指点

托福独立写作个人类话题分析

从个人individual的角度讲，托福独立写作可能会向我们提问以下4个方面。第一个是campus life就是学校的生活学校的教育; 第二个leisure life就是在课下课外我们休闲娱乐方式; 第三个就是social life我们交朋友和自己的家人沟通;以及最后还有，当我们长大了成人还会遇到professional life.而根据数据统计，托福考试每年的独立写作话题中，有60%左右的话题都是在针对个人而言的，因此个人类话题需要大家重点准备。

个人类话题实例讲解

campus life考最多的是选课，该不该学基础经济学，该不该学历史，该不该让孩子添加field trip就是外出活动，这些都是经常会考的选课类的题目。还有问孩子该不该在课外的时候有leisure life,比如宠物类话题：说宠物是教会责任感的最好办法，说宠物可以教给孩子很多道理;再比如运动，运动教会生活道理，问你同不同意。另外还有传媒类话题：媒体对青少年是利大于弊、还是弊大于利，以及看电影该看什么样的电影，这些都属于在校内和校外的生活，其实语料要准备起来是很相似的。

social life交友类内容，比方说聪明的朋友和有趣的朋友你选哪一个。再比方说三选一题目：选朋友，三个朋友里头你挑哪个;是旅行交友好还是参加运动队好，还是参加社区劳动好;三选一的交友题都是在谈论的是 social life(sociallize) 。和家人的关系方面就会问：是不是应该让兄弟姐妹来带小孩，还是应该让父母来带小孩。这都是和别人在沟通在互动。这样相关语料你会发现，不必相似。

在四个生活类题目中professional life比重会大一些。这是关于工作，成功、品质。比方说“一个领导最重要的品质就是沟通能力”，或是“领导到底是应该做决定很迅猛还是应该有耐心的想想再说”，这些都是关于人的important value;和工作方式相关的也有，选择两个计划哪个好，是务实的好还是挑战的好;做事的方式是应该一下子把事情都做，还是分开了慢慢做。像这些都是成人之后进入工作之后，你在处理问题的时候要思考的。

所以大家在进行语料分析的时候，四种生活其实就是校园的、校外的、娱乐和家人相关的。这些都是平时on a daily basis每天都去输入的语料。每天不求多，每天十个，慢慢背，背下来两个月后你再写文章，感觉就不一样，这是语料它的神奇之处。

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：spend time on school studies or playing

托福写作难点话题一览

Should young children spend most of their time on school studies or playing?

Some people think that children should begin their formal education at a very early age and should spend most of their time on school studies. Others believe that young children should spend most of their time playing. Compare these two views. Which view do you agree with? Why?

写作思路展开结构分析

两种观点都有些极端。先比较两种观点，然后选择一个折衷的立场。早上学的好处和坏处：好处是很多提前上学的孩子显得聪明，对付学习显得游刃有余(be more than equal to a task; accomplish a task with ease)。完成formal education的时候比别人年轻，有更多的选择余地。坏处是，经常挨欺负(be bullied; be treated rough)。早熟(precocious)，可能会有副作用(negative effects)。晚上学的好处和坏处：实际上并不吃亏;学习好坏不见得一定跟上学早晚有必然的联系(positive connection)。坏处是，家长如果引导不好，不利于智力发育(development of child's intelligence)。立场：不见得一定要尽早上学;孩子确实应该多花一些时间去玩。但是应该正确引导，因为玩也分为好多种，玩棋牌游戏显然比玩泥巴(play with mud)要有益得多。

本话题高分范文赏析

Some people believe that it is important for children to begin their education at a very early age, and spend most of their time on academic studies. Others believe that children should spend their time playing instead of studying. To understand the logic behind these two views, we must compare their advantages and disadvantages. If a child spends all of his/her time studying, he/she will advance quickly in school. He/she will learn things early in life that other children, who spent their time playing, will not learn until they are at least a few years older. This child will learn the value of education early on, and will be able to impress his/her parents with his/her knowledge, therefore gaining self-confidence and motivation. If a child spends most of his time playing, he/she will not learn about mathematics and science, but he/she will learn another important skill: socialization. When children spend their time playing together, they learn how to interact with others. They learn how to share things, and how to settle a disagreement amicably. Children can also increase their motor skills if they spend their time playing games that involve hand-eye coordination. Both of these perspectives have valid points. However, I think it is best to try and combine playing with learning. If children can learn about the basics of academics in a fun and playful environment, they are likely to become more interested in it. A very young child has no interest in studying, and I believe that adults must allow children to have fun. Otherwise, the children will grow up to be uncaring, antisocial adults. This does not mean, however, that education is not important. I feel that there is a right time to introduce studying and academia to children, and this time is not when they are very young. It is better to wait until the children are at least five or six year old before trying to get them to study.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：things young people can teach older people

托福写作难点话题一览

Is there anything that young people can teach older people?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? There is nothing that young people can teach older people. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.

写作思路展开结构分析

不能同意。nothing是一个绝对修饰词。确实，大多数情况下，年龄大一些的人有更多的经验，年轻人要向他们学习。然而，年龄大不一定等于懂得多。有很多时候哪怕很小的孩子也可以教我们很多东西。因此这个题目选择不同意会比较容易展开。

本话题高分范文赏析

It has been a common conception that young people have nothing of value to teach their elders I firmly disagree with this statement, and posit that in fact, the opposite is true. Young people have a plethora of information to teach old people. One of the advantages of being young is having a different perspective on life than one's seniors. Young people have not been influenced by nearly as many people as an old person, and therefore, their thoughts and ideas are more their own. An older person can learn from these new ideas, and once again, see the world with the freshness and fascination of a young person. Also, young people tend to embark on all of their projects with a kind of intensity and perseverance. This quality can sometimes be lost as one gets older. After spending time with a young person, an old person tends to gain back some of this vitality. For example, I have seen many older people who did not live their lives to the fullest. However, with the addition of a grand-daughter or a grandson, they regained much of their youthfulness. In my opinion, this was fully due to their seeing the vitality in the young, and learning from it. Finally, young people tend to enjoy experimenting when they are working on a project. Older people are usually set in their ways, and will continue doing a chore one way, even if it is not the best way. Young people can offer insight into new methods of doing even the simplest tasks and often will think up new systems that do not occur to the elderly. In conclusion, I think older people can learn much from the future generations. Of course, this is not to say that young people cannot learn from their elders. The educational process does not only work one way through generation gaps.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：required to study art and music

托福写作难点话题一览

Should all students be required to study art and music in secondary school?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? All students should be required to study art and music in secondary school. Use specific reasons to support your answer.

写作思路展开结构分析

尽管All是绝对修饰词，不过要注意，是secondary school(中学)。所以，不妨同意。因为仍然处于义务教育 (compulsory education)阶段。学习音乐艺术也是一种很好的休息，对所有的人都有好处。而且学科之间是相通的(interrelated; interlinked)，审美观念( aesthetic standards)的塑造对每个人、每种职业都很重要。另外这样也可以提高国民整体的文化素质 (审美方法 aesthetic approach; 审美观念 aesthetic standards; 审美教育 aesthetic education; 审美模式 aesthetic model; 审美能力 aesthetic judgment; 审美学 aesthetics; 审美意识 aesthetic consciousness)

本话题高分范文赏析

The authorities at secondary schools must make very important decisions regarding what will be considered to be the required curriculum for their students. I believe that art and music should be part of this required curriculum. Studying art and music makes a person more diverse and thoughtful. When one studies art and music, one is exposed to many different cultures and points of view. It allows the audience to perceive the world through a different set of eyes. It is also an excellent way to spark interest in other cultures and diverse ways of life. This promotes understanding and tolerance of others. It is also a porthole to peer into areas of many cultures, including one's own, that one would not readily have access to. This includes everything from social life to metaphysics to philosophy, etc. Furthermore, these subjects give the students an outlet for expressing their turbulent emotions during puberty.Art and music are also an excellent way to express emotions. In ancient times, many a troubled man turned to brush work or Chinese classical music to work out difficulties with life. Students of today's modern world have similar issues with life, and need an outlet to express these. Art and music, in any form, can assist one in dealing with personal issues. In addition, viewing art and listening to music are excellent ways to relax. When I am stressed because of life, one of my favorite activities is painting while listening to my preferred music. I find this activity to be very soothing and calming. Looking at works of art can have a similar effect, and when one understands the philosophy behind the work, it is that much more beneficial.Therefore, I believe that studying art and music in secondary school can be nothing but beneficial for the students. I would encourage all school districts to make these subjects part of their required curriculums.

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