职称英语等级考试综合类A级真题及答案

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2024-08-09
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下面就是小编给大家带来的职称英语等级考试综合类A级真题及答案，本文共8篇，希望能帮助到大家!

职称英语等级考试综合类A级真题及答案

British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.

Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University’s School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.

The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice.

It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares(公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts(妨碍生长)plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves(红树林) that create swamps（沼泽） and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep(渗透)in. in Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated(蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.

Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.

To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little slat and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants’ growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.

Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.

31 Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true?

A They are students at Sussex University.

B They are rice breeders.

C They are husband and wife.

D They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.

32 Flowers and Yeo have started a programme

A to find ways to prevent water pollution.

B to identify genes that promote growth in salty soil.

C to breed rice plants that taste salty.

D to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil.

33 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage?

A Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.

B the water table has gone down after droughts.

C Sea level has been continuously rising.

D Evaporation of water leaves salt behind

34 The word “affect” in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by

A “influence”

B “effect”

C “stop”

D “present”

35 The attitude of the author towards the research project is

A positive

B negative.

C suspicious

D indifferent.

61B 62C 63C 64A 65B

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇 How to Be a Successful Businessperson

Have you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not?Here’s a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and todayhe owns 168 restaurants.

Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be anairplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.

At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States.He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working for acompany that rented cars.

While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental(租赁的)company, he frequently ate at a nearbyKFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, heworked as a cook’s assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. “I didn’t likeit,” Mr. Kazi says, “but I always did the best I could.”

One day, Mr. Kazi’s two coworkers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of allthree people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant. A few monthslater, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. Heworked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.

A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant wasdirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought therestaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m.seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of thebuilding, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someonehad to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before longthe restaurant was making a profit.

A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he eared, he bought threemore restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, andretrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.

Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn’t planning to stop there. He’s looking for morepoorly managed restaurants to buy, “I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it’s amess,” Mr. Kazi says. “The only way it can go is up.”

31.When Mr. Kazi was young, his dream was to

A.be an airplane pilot.

B.sell cars.

C.own a restaurant.

D.become a good cook.

32.Mr. Kazi decided to work with KFC to

A.learn how to cook.

B.save money for a car.

C.save money on food.

D.learn how to run a restaurant.

33.Mr. Kazi became the manager of a new restaurant because

A.he worked very hard.

B.his co-workers praised him.

C.he was a good cook.

D.he knew how to run a restaurant.

34.To save a failing restaurant, Mr. Kazi did all the following things, EXCEPT to

A.advertise for it.

B.clean it up.

C.improve the food.

D.retrain the employees.

35.In the last paragraph, “it’s a mess” means

A.it’s small.

B.it’s profitable.

C.it’s dirty.

D.it’s cheap.

第二篇：Three Ways to Become More Creative

Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone hasimagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isn’talways connected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free timeroutinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a trickyquestion to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to helpyou.

This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First,think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image,word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated withcandles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The nextstage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend anoriginal present; you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.

Imagine that normal limitations don’t exist. You have as much time/space/money, etc. as youwant. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If, for example, your goal is to learn toski(滑雪), you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time andthe money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, orevery Monday in January.

Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators(谈判者) use thistechnique in business, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the charactersin their books. They ask questions: what does this character want? Why can’t she get it? Whatchanges must she make to get what she wants? What does she dream about? If your goalinvolves other people, put yourself “in their shoes”. The best fishermen think like fish!

36.According to the passage, when we become adults.

A.most of us are no longer creative.

B.we are not as imaginative as children.

C.we can still learn to be more creative.

D.we are unwilling to be creative.

37.According to the first technique, if you need to solve a problem, ______

A.you should link it with candles.

B.you have to think of buying a present for a friend.

C.you should link it with as many words as possible.

D.you could find an image and try to link it with the problem.

38.The second technique suggests that you just imagine

A.setting a goal is as simple as skiing.

B.you have every resource to achieve your goal.

C.new possibilities will soon appear.

D.December and January are the best months for skiing.

39.The phrase “put yourself ‘in their shoes’” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to

A.dress yourself like them.

B.do as they ask you to.

C.put on their shoes.

D.think as they would.

40.We learn from the third technique that a good salesman should ask himself:

A.what are my customers’ needs?

B.what do I usually do?

C.what did my boss tell me to do?

D.how should I sell my products?

第三篇 The State of Marriage Today

Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate ofdivorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, andthe evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to thebreakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Somefuturists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times ,andextramarital(婚外的)affairs will be even more common than they are now.

But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy(阴暗的)? The answer tothe first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. Theinstitution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to beeconomically dependent on their husbands as they usually didn’t have jobs outside the home.But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so theydon’t feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.

In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic(悲观的)as it seems.While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen verymuch, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now simply livetogether and don’t bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do notappear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriagessurvive.

So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get marriedindicates that it isn’t. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than singlepeople: they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, andmarried men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts.Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of ourrelationships!

41.Which of the following is true about the marriage in the United States today?

A.Divorce leads to the breakup of the family.

B.More than half of the married couples get divorced.

C.American people marry more than four times.

D.More and more people are getting divorced.

42.What does “this is no longer the case” in paragraph 2 mean?

A.Women are not economically dependent any more.

B.It is not necessary to get married any more.

C.Women do not need a husband any longer.

D.Many wives do well-paying jobs outside home now.

43.Why is the outlook of marriage not as hopeless as it appears?

A.Many people still like to get married.

B.The rate of divorce has actually decreased.

C.Over 60% of the marriages continue to exist.

D.The statistics of divorce is reliable.

44.How do most men feel in their marriage life?

A.They feel much stronger than before.

B.They don’t feel as lonely as before.

C.They suffer more than before.

D.They feel more satisfied than being single.

45.Which of the following about marriage is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A.It is important to discover what makes a marriage successful.

B.Marriage has long been partly an economic need.

C.It is a fact that most people choose to get married.

D.Many people went abroad after divorce.

第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

Some Unusual Celebrations

Some holidays are well-known all around the world. Among them are New Year’s Evecelebrations. Also common are days in honor of love and friendship, like Valentine’s Day. Eachcountry has its own special holidays, too, often to mark important events in its history.Schools, banks, and government offices all close on days like these. _________ (46) A few ofthem are really very strange.

Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because thecelebrations have long traditions. Consider April Fool’s Day, for example. No one knows when orwhy it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries―France, England, and Australia amongothers. On this day, people play practical jokes. _________ (47) The ones who laugh are theones playing the jokes. The people they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day makesense to you?

Dyngus Day in Poland seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional for boys to pour waterover the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part: They do it to girls they like.

Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city or town. A holiday called La Tomatina iscelebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more than 200,000pounds of tomatoes into this little town. _________ (48) For two hours, people in the, streetsthrow tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to toe.

August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition.People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains and catch a wild goat. _________ (49)

There are also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, sometimes oneperson gets an idea for a new holiday and tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea wasPublic Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, but it sounds like morefun than the one on February 9. _________ (50)

Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday? If you do, then you will want to mark March 26on your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day.

A.They bring him back to town put a crown on his head, and make him king for three days.

B.Some of the days people celebrate, however are less serious.

C.That is supposed to be Toothache Day.

D.Then begins the world’s biggest food fight.

E.Some people have fun imagining new holidays.

F.Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh.

第6部分：完形填空(第52~65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Why People Use Pseudonyms(假名字)?

You can’t choose the name you are given at birth, but in many countries you can change itlegally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names_________ (51) they feel unhappy about them. However, some people do _________ (52)this course of action―particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name?Sometimes it’s for purely _________ (53) reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet fromChile, Neftalii Reyes. He didn’t want his father to _________ (54) he was writing poetry, so hechanged his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man. _________ (55) other times thereason may appear strange; take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa, _________ (56) wrote under 75 different names. The reason? “When I use a different name, Ialways write in a different way,” he explained. In most cases, _________ (57), people changetheir names for social, historical, political, or cultural reasons. Here are some of themost_________ (58) :

The person’s real name is just (59) long and difficult to remember. Let’s be honest, MadonnaLouise Ciccone is not as _________ (60) to remember as just plain “Madonna”. And shortnames are much easier to remember: William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes doNascimento became Pele.

Sometimes names are changed for marketing_________ (61). For example, if a name soundstoo “foreign”, it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a_________ (62).So in the film world, Ramon Estevez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist’s realname doesn’t sound very attractive―Chad Everett does_________ (63) a lot better thanRaymond Cramton. Artists sometimes_________ (64) the name of someone they admire.Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welshpoet, Dylan Thomas.

Another reason may be practicality：in the past, women found it very difficult to get published.To _________ (65) this situation, they sometimes gave themselves men’s names. So theEnglish author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!

51.A.even if B.as if C.as D.even

52.A.make B.take C.bring D.have

53.A.obvious B.economic C.own D.personal

54.A.understand B.know C.recognize D.observe

55.A.On B.In C.At D.During

56.A.whom B.who C.which D.that

57.A.but B.although C.however D.and

58.A.scientific B.common C.technical D.average

59.A.so B.very C.too D.much

60.A.pretty B.simple C.brief D.easy

61.A.purposes B.thoughts C.ends D.goals

62.A.market B.film C.book D.city

63.A.look B.hear C.seem D.sound

64.A.give B.change C.choose D.mention

65.A.admit B.avoid C.assure D.affect

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

1.A large crowd assembled outside the Americanembassy.

A.watched B.gathered C.shouted D.walked

2.Most babies can take in a wide range of food easily.

A.bring B.keep C.digest D.serve

3.What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.

A.confuses B.shocks C.influences D.concerns

4.I think 7 a drink is a bit steep, don’t you?

A.tight B.high C.low D.cheap

5.Our aim was to update the health service and we succeeded.

A.offer B.provide C.fund D.modernize

6.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.

A.hot B.heavy C.fresh D.windy

7.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks.

A.big B.long C.new D.empty

8.Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted “Joe, Joe, Joe.”

A.jumped B.maintained C.repeated D.approached

9.All the flats in the building had the same layout.

A.arrangement B.color C.size D.function

10.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.

A.slightly B.partly C.faintly D.completely

11.The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious.

A.need B.hate C.love D.pity

12.Do we have to wear these name tags?

A.lists B.forms C.labels D.codes

13.He inspired many young people to take up the sport.

A.allowed B.called C.advised D.encouraged

14.The city center was wiped out by the bomb.

A.destroyed B.covered C.reduced D.moved

15.The storm caused severe damage.

A.physical B.accidental C.environmental D.serious

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Brotherly Love

Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for overhalf a century.

Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes,Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world. But the story ofthese two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany.

Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker. They loved sport but complainedthat they could never find comfortable shoes to play in. Rudolph always said, “You cannot playsports wearing shoes that you’d walk around town with.” So they started making their own. In1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes(钉), produced on the Dasslers’kitchen table.

On 1st July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked togetherfor many years. The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germany’sathletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games.

But in 1948 the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened, but family membershave suggested that the argument was about money or women. The result was that Adolph leftthe company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first three letters of the familyname, Dassler, he founded Adidas.

Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too. At first hewanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild cat. The famous Pumalogo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since.

After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and theircompanies have now been in competition for over sixty years. Both companies were for manyyears the market leaders, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma. A hiphop group, Run DMC, has even written a song called “My Adidas” and in Adidas boughtReebok, another big sports shoe company.

The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it happened, over sixtyyears ago, the town has been split into two. Even now, some Adidas employees and Pumaemployees don’t talk to each other.

16.Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century.